Predictive analyses for balance and gait based on trunk performance using clinical scales in persons with stroke

Woo, Youngkeun korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2018 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.7 No.1

Objective: This study aimed to predict balance and gait abilities with the Trunk Impairment scales (TIS) in persons with stroke. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Sixty-eight participants with stoke were assessed with the TIS, Berg Balance scale (BBS), and Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) by a therapist. To describe of general characteristics, we used descriptive and frequency analyses, and the TIS was used as a predictive variable to determine the BBS. In the simple regression analysis, the TIS was used as a predictive variable for the BBS and FGA, and the TIS and BBS were used as predictive variables to determine the FGA in multiple regression analysis. Results: In the group with a BBS score of >45 for regression equation for predicting BBS score using TIS score, the coefficient of determination ($R^2$) was 0.234, and the $R^2$ was 0.500 in the group with a BBS score of ${\leq}45$. In the group with an FGA score >15 for regression equation for predicting FGA score using TIS score, the $R^2$ was 0.193, and regression equation for predicting FGA score using TIS score, the $R^2$ was 0.181 in the group of FGA score ${\leq}15$. In the group of FGA score >15 for regression equation for predicting FGA score using TIS and BBS score, the $R^2$ was 0.327. In the group of FGA score ${\leq}15$ for regression equation for predicting FGA score using TIS and BBS score, the $R^2$ was 0.316. Conclusions: The TIS scores are insufficient in predicting the FGA and BBS scores in those with higher balance ability, and the BBS and TIS could be used for predicting variables for FGA. However, TIS is a strong predictive variable for persons with stroke who have poor balance ability.

Effect of lower extremity resistance exercise on gait performance in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus with cerebral infarction and lower extremity vasculitis: a case studyYongseop Oha, Youngkeun Woob

( Yongseop Oh ),( Youngkeun Woo ) 물리치료재활과학회 2016 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.5 No.2

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of resistant exercise on the gait performance of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient. Design: A case study. Methods: A 30-year-old male adult who had been diagnosed with systemic lupus erythmatosus (SLE) in April 2013, right middle cerebral artery infarction, and with left hemiplegia agreed to participate in this case study. Patient was unable to walk due to being affected with adynamia. Due to developing necrotizing vasculitis on the left lower extremity, patient underwent a myotomy on the left thigh. The patient was trained with a progressive resistant exercise program for 8 weeks. An intensity of 15 RM was used for the resistant exercises and the resistance level was increased progressively in order to improve the muscle power of the patient. Methods used to increase resistance included changing positions, providing mechanical resistance instead of manual resistance, transitioning from open kinetic chain to closed kinetic chain exercises, and changing the colors of the theraband to those with increase level of resistance. Outcome measures included the 5-repetition sit-to- stand test (5RSST), Timed Up & Go (TUG), and 10-meter walk test (10MWT). In addition, the GAITRite was used to assess the spatio-temporal gait variables, including gait speed, cadence, stride length of the left side, and double limb support pre and post-intervention. Results: The patient was able to perform sit-to- stand after two weeks of performing the resistant exercises. The patient was able to walk after 4 weeks, and the patient`s overall gait performance had improved after 8 weeks. All of the variables had improved after each week. Conclusions: The results of this case study may be used to enhance future efforts to objectively evaluate resistant exercises during gait performance in persons affected by SLE.

Different prognostic factors according to left ventricular systolic function in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Im, Moon-Sun,Kim, Hack-Lyoung,Kim, Sang-Hyun,Lim, Woo-Hyun,Seo, Jae-Bin,Chung, Woo-Young,Zo, Joo-Hee,Kim, Myung-A,Park, Kyung-Woo,Koo, Bon-Kwon,Kim, Hyo-Soo,Chae, In-Ho,Cho, Dong-Ju,Ahn, Youngkeun,Jeo Elsevier 2016 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY Vol.221 No.-

<P>Background: Initial left ventricular (LV) systolic function is a main determinant of clinical outcomes in patients with acutemyocardial infarction (AMI). This study was performed to investigate whether AMI patients have different prognostic factors according to their baseline LV systolic function. Methods: A total of 12,988 patients with AMI from a nationwide database were analyzed. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) within 12 months of AMI, including death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and revascularization, were assessed. Results: Patients were stratified into two groups according to LV ejection fraction (LVEF): those with LVEF < 40% and those with LVEF >= 40%. Patients with LVEF < 40% (n = 1962, 15.1%) were older and had more unfavorable cardiovascular risk factors than those with LVEF >= 40% (n= 11,026, 84.9%). The rate of MACE was higher in patients with LVEF < 40% than in those with LVEF >= 40% (26.8% vs 11.4%, p < 0.001). Independent predictors of 12-month MACEs in patients with LVEF >= 40% were history of MI, high Killip stage, three-vessel disease, and lower renal function, which are already known as risk factors. However, diabetes mellitus (hazard ratio [HR], 1.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-2.40; p = 0.008), and the use of rennin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.41-0.95; p = 0.029) were independent factors for 12-month MACE in patients with LVEF < 40%. Conclusions: Prognostic factors determining 12-month MACE after AMI are different according to LVEF. Management following AMI should be tailored according to their LV systolic function. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Clinical Outcomes of Elderly Patients with Non ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

Kim, Woo Jin,Jeong, Myung Ho,Kang, Dong Goo,Lee, Seung Uk,Cho, Sang Ki,Ahn, Youngkeun,Kim, Young Jo,Kim, Chong Jin,Cho, Myeong Chan Chonnam National University Medical School 2018 CMJ Vol.54 No.1

<P>The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical outcomes of the elderly patients with Non ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) compared to non-elderly patients. Patients with NSTEMI and undergoing CABG (n=451) who were registered in the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry between December 2003 and August 2012 were divided into two groups.; the non-elderly group (<75 years, n=327) and the elderly group (≥75 years, n=124). In-hospital mortality was higher in the elderly group (4.9% vs. 11.3%, p=0.015), but cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, percutaneous revascularization, and redo-CABG after a one-year follow up were not different between the two groups. Predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with NSTEMI undergoing CABG were left ventricular (LV) dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤40%) [hazard ratio (HR): 2.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16–6.57, p=0.022] and age (HR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.01–1.10, p=0.047). So elderly NSTEMI patients should be considered for CABG if appropriate, but careful consideration for surgery is required, especially if the patients have severe LV systolic dysfunction.</P>

Fall prevention strategies in community-dwelling older adults aged 65 or over with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Hwang, Sujin,Woo, Youngkeun korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2018 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.7 No.4

Objective: Independent walking is the most essential prerequisite to maintain quality of life in older persons. The purpose of this review was to investigate the effect of fall prevention strategies on fall risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) within community-dwelling older adults aged 65 and over. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed and three other databases were searched up to October 31st, 2018 and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating fall prevention strategies for fall risk in persons who were 65 years of age or above with T2DM were included. The review extracted the following information from each study selected: first author's surname, published year, country, study population, type of intervention, intensity of intervention, comparison, measurement variables, additional therapy, summary of results, and mean and standard deviation from selected studies. Results: This review selected fourteen RCTs with 460 older adults with diabetes mellitus. Of the 14 studies, the types of intervention used to improve the risk of falls were strengthening (5), aerobic exercises (2), multimodal exercises (4), one virtual reality exercise (1), whole body vibration with balance exercise (1), and Tai Chi exercise (1). Seven RCTs were eligible for the meta-analysis. Therapeutic interventions were more effective than the control group for the Timed Up-and-Go test (-1.11; 95% CI, -1.82 to -0.41) and the 6-minute Walk Test (-1.89; 95% CI, -8.33 to 4.54). Conclusions: The results of the review suggest that interventions to prevent fall risk in older adults with T2DM should focus on strengthening, balance, aerobic, and multimodal exercises.

Effect of lower extremity resistance exercise on gait performance in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus with cerebral infarction and lower extremity vasculitis: a case study

Oh, Yongseop,Woo, Youngkeun korean Academy of Physical Therapy Rehabilitation 2016 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.5 No.2

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of resistant exercise on the gait performance of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient. Design: A case study. Methods: A 30-year-old male adult who had been diagnosed with systemic lupus erythmatosus (SLE) in April 2013, right middle cerebral artery infarction, and with left hemiplegia agreed to participate in this case study. Patient was unable to walk due to being affected with adynamia. Due to developing necrotizing vasculitis on the left lower extremity, patient underwent a myotomy on the left thigh. The patient was trained with a progressive resistant exercise program for 8 weeks. An intensity of 15 RM was used for the resistant exercises and the resistance level was increased progressively in order to improve the muscle power of the patient. Methods used to increase resistance included changing positions, providing mechanical resistance instead of manual resistance, transitioning from open kinetic chain to closed kinetic chain exercises, and changing the colors of the theraband to those with increase level of resistance. Outcome measures included the 5-repetition sit-to- stand test (5RSST), Timed Up & Go (TUG), and 10-meter walk test (10MWT). In addition, the GAITRite was used to assess the spatio-temporal gait variables, including gait speed, cadence, stride length of the left side, and double limb support pre and post-intervention. Results: The patient was able to perform sit-to- stand after two weeks of performing the resistant exercises. The patient was able to walk after 4 weeks, and the patient's overall gait performance had improved after 8 weeks. All of the variables had improved after each week. Conclusions: The results of this case study may be used to enhance future efforts to objectively evaluate resistant exercises during gait performance in persons affected by SLE.

Fall prevention strategies in community-dwelling older adults aged 65 or over with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sujin Hwang,Youngkeun Woo 물리치료재활과학회 2018 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.7 No.4

A Comparative Study on Clinical Gait Abilities of Stroke Patients According to Indoor and Outdoor Environments

Hyesun Hwang,Youngkeun Woo,Yijung Chung 물리치료재활과학회 2021 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.10 No.3

Objective: This study aimed to compare gait ability through gait evaluations in indoor and outdoor environments according to the general characteristics and walking ability of stroke patients. Design: Crossed-sectional study. Methods: The subjects of this study were 57 hospitalized stroke patients.The study subjects were asked to select an indoor environment and an outdoor environment in random order, and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT), Figure-Eight Walk Test (F8WT) and the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) were used to assess each environment. Results: The TUG, 10MWT, F8WT time and number of steps, and FGA showed a significant decrease in gait ability in the outdoor environment compared to the indoor environment (p<0.05). Although the TUG, 10MWT, and the time required for the F8WT were statistically higher in the outdoor compared to the indoor environment at points 2, 3, and 4, but not 5 of the functional ambulatory category (FAC), significant increases in the number of steps of the F8WT were found in the outdoor compared to the indoor environment for only points 2 and 3 of the FAC (p<0.05). In the FAC 3 and 4, there was a statistically significant decrease in the outdoor compared to the indoor environment only in the FGA (p<0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, it has been shown that the gait ability of stroke patients is reduced in the outdoor environment compared to the gait ability in the indoor environment.

Detecting Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders Using FMCW Radar

Chaewon Jung,Youngkeun Yoo,Hyun-Woo Kim,Hyun-Chool Shin 한국전자파학회JEES 2023 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.23 No.5

양파 줄기파쇄기 설계·제작 및 포장성능시험

강나래 ( Narae Kang ),김영근 ( Youngkeun Kim ),최일수 ( Ilsu Choi ),우제근 ( Jeakeun Woo ),최용 ( Yong Choi ),전현종 ( Hyeonjong Jun ),김영화 ( Younghwa Kim ),유승화 ( Seounghwa Yu ),이예슬 ( Yeseul Lee ) 한국농업기계학회 2020 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.1

양파는 암, 당뇨 등 성인병 예방 및 치료에 효과가 있는 것으로 알려져 최근 건강에 대한 소비자의 관심이 높아짐에 따라 소비가 증가되고 있는 추세이나, 양파 재배를 위한 농작업 기계화율은 62.2%로, 경운·정지, 방제작업을 제외한 작업은 여전히 인력에 의존하고 있어 기계화가 필요한 실정이다. 그 중 수확작업은 양파를 굴취, 수집하고 있어 줄기 절단 작업의 기계화가 필요하며, 수확시기에 도복된 양파 줄기를 일으켜 세워 절단할 수 있는 기계 개발이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구는 줄기절단 작업 기계화를 위하여 트랙터 부착형 양파 줄기파쇄 시작기를 설계·제작하고 포장성능시험 수행 및 줄기파쇄성능을 분석하고자 하였다. 양파 줄기파쇄기는 절단날의 회전을 이용하여 수확시기 쓰러진 양파줄기를 풍압으로 일으켜 세워 절단·파쇄하여 배출하는 송풍흡입식으로 설계·제작하였다. 양파 줄기파쇄기는 트랙터 부착형으로 트랙터 PTO에서 구동력을 전달하는 조인트, 동력전달부, 2조 회전형 절단날, 양파 절단 높이를 조절하는 조정부와 절단된 줄기 및 공기가 빠져나가는 통풍구 등으로 구성하였다. 양파 줄기파쇄기의 포장성능시험은 양파 재배형식을 고려하여 논양파와 밭양파(품종 : 썬파워)로 구분하고, 논양파는 경상남도 합천군 소재 농가포장에서 밭양파는 전라남도 무안군 바이오에너지작물센터 구내포장에서 포장성능시험을 수행하였다. 60kW급 트랙터를 이용하여 작업속도 및 회전속도 3수준을 요인으로 20m 구간을 수행하였으며, 요인별 단위면적당 잔존줄기와 파쇄율을 분석하였다. 양파 줄기파쇄기 포장성능 시험 결과 논양파의 경우 파쇄날 회전속도 929rpm, 작업속도 0.3m/s에서 파쇄율 90.2%, 잔존줄기 14.9±3.6cm로 가장 양호하였으며, 밭양파의 경우 파쇄날 회전속도 458rpm, 작업속도 0.5m/s에서 파쇄율이 97.6%, 잔존줄기 8.2±4.1cm로 줄기파쇄 성능이 가장 양호하게 분석되었다.