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      • Proteomic analysis of amniotic fluid for the identification of novel biomarkers and mechanisms related to preterm birth in the absence of infection/inflammation in women with preterm labor

        ( Subeen Hong ),( Yu Mi Kim ),( Young Eun Lee ),( Yehyon Park ),( Jee Yoon Park ),( Kyo Hoon Park ) 대한산부인과학회 2019 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.105 No.-

        Objective: We aimed to comprehensively identify amniotic fluid (AF) biomarkers relating to spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) in the absence of intra-uterine infection/inflammation in women with preterm labor (PTL) and to demonstrate specific protein pathways that are activated in these cases. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 139 singleton pregnant women with PTL (24-32 weeks) who underwent amniocentesis and who showed no evidence of infection and/or inflammation. Label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify AF proteins in pooled samples (n = 20) using a nested case-control approach. The six candidate biomarkers of interest were validated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) in the final cohort (n = 139). The differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by pathway analysis software. The primary outcome measure was SPTD before 34 weeks and SPTD within 14 days of sampling, respectively. Results: Seventy-seven proteins were differentially expressed (p < 0.05) in AF from SPTD cases and term delivery controls, of which 48 (62.3%) were up-regulated and 29 (37.6%) were down-regulated. Validation by ELISA confirmed that AF from women who spontaneously deliverered preterm contained significantly lower levels of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), and higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), lipocalin-2, and Fc fragment of IgG binding protein (FCGBP). The five pathways with the most differentially regulated proteins were glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, iron homeostasis signaling pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling. Conclusion: Among women with PTL, proteomic analyses of AF identified four novel biomarkers (i.e., FCGBP, IGFBP-4, lipocalin-2, and VEGFR1) and specific protein pathways associated with SPTD in the absence of intra-uterine infection/inflammation. These altered proteins in AF may offer potential therapeutic targets to prevent SPTD.

      • Prolonged use of tocolytics : the course of management and the prevalence of maternal complications

        ( Seongbeen Kim ),( Eunji Oh ),( Yehyon Park ),( Young Eun Lee ),( Subeen Hong ),( Jee Yoon Park ),( Kyung Joon Oh ),( Joon-seok Hong ) 대한산부인과학회 2019 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.105 No.-

        Objective: To determine the prevalence of side-effects and effects on prolongation of gestation of tocolytic agents when used more than 48 hours. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 128 consecutive singleton pregnancies who had been hospitalized for preterm labor with intact membranes and treated with tocolytic agents continuously for more than 2 days from June 2003 to December 2018. The course of pregnancy period was studied for each case with data of obstetric outcomes such as gestational age at delivery and tocolytic agents used. Results: The median values of gestational age for the first line tocolytic therapy administered were 29.7 weeks, 30.4 weeks, and 25.6 weeks for Ritodrine, magnesium sulfate, and Atosiban, respectively (p>0.05). The median interval to delivery from the first administration of tocolytic agents was not different among three groups (5.3 weeks for Ritodrine, 4.2 weeks for magnesium sulfate, and 6.5 weeks for Atosiban, p>0.05). Among three agents, magnesium sulfate was the most frequently changed tocolytic agent as the first line therapy (50.0% changed to Atosiban and 20.8% to Ritodrine). The most common cause of changing tocolytic agents was no effect on uterine contraction (32%) followed by palpitation (10.2%). Among 128 cases, only one pulmonary edema was found. Conclusion: Prolonged use of tocolytic agents over two days did not cause significant side-effects or complications, however individualization of the selection and change in tocolytic agents needs to be performed for prolonged use.

      • The association between pregnancy conceived after in-vitro fertilization and placental pathologic findings: a retrospective cohort study

        ( Eunjin Song ),( Sook Jung Lee ),( Yehyon Park ),( Young Eun Lee ),( Subeen Hong ),( Jee Yoon Park ),( Kyung Joon Oh ),( Joon-seok Hong ) 대한산부인과학회 2019 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.105 No.-

        Objective: To determine the association between placental pathologies and the pregnancy following in-vitro fertilization (IVF). Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 1677 consecutive singleton pregnant women who delivered after 20 weeks of gestation at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and had the results of placental pathologic evaluation from April 2013 to October 2018. Multifetal pregnancies were excluded. The reports after evaluation of placenta by pathologists were reviewed. Results: The median value of maternal age and the rate of nulliparity were significantly higher in the group conceived after IVF than that after natural conception (both p-values < 0.001). The proportion of preterm birth before 37 weeks of gestation was lower in IVF group than natural pregnancy group (73% vs. 83%, p=0.006). Except for the rates of preterm premature rupture of membranes and placenta previa, other obstetric complications were comparable between two groups. The proportion of placental infarction was higher in the group conceived after IVF than that with natural conception (26.4% vs. 16.4%, p=0.012). In multivariate logistic regression, IVF and cesarean section were significantly associated with the presence of placental infarction. Conclusion: Placental infarction was independently associated with conception through IVF.

      • Positive fetal fibronectin from cervicovaginal discharge is an independent risk factor for histologic chorioamnionitis in preterm births

        ( Suk Jeong Lee ),( Hyun Kyoung Lee ),( Yehyon Park ),( Young Eun Lee ),( Subeen Hong ),( Jee Yoon Park ),( Kyung Joon Oh ),( Joon Seok Hong ) 대한산부인과학회 2019 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.105 No.-

        Objective: To determine the association between the result of qualitative fetal fibronectin test and histologic chorioamnionitis. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 584 consecutive women who had been hospitalized for the risk of preterm birth between 24+0 weeks and 36+6 weeks from August 2017 to April 2019. Among them, patients who underwent the sampling of fetal fibronectin from cervicovaginal fluid were identified (n=148). Multifetal pregnancies were excluded. Since the primary outcome measure was histologic chorioamnionitis, cases without available results of placental evaluation were excluded as well. Results: 1) The proportion of histologic chorioamnionitis was higher in the group with positive fetal fibronectin results than that with negative results (43.8% vs. 13.3%, p=0.012). 2) The positive fetal fibronectin was significantly associated with histologic chorioamnionitis with OR 4.89 (95% CI 1.34-17.78, p=0.016) in multivariate logistic regression analysis. 3) Through diagnostic indices analysis, the sensitivity of positive fetal fibronectin was about 78%, which was higher than that of short cervical length ≤ 1.5cm (38%) and elevated CRP ≥0.6 mg/dl (53%) for the prediction of histologic chorioamnionitis after birth. Conclusion: Positive fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal discharge is an independent risk factor for histologic chorioamnionitis.

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