Zhu Xi and Neo-Confucianism

( Yang Guorong ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2009 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.11

以理爲第一原理, 朱熹上承二程, 旣表現出某種構造形上世界圖景的超驗趨向, 又延續了儒學溝通天道與人道的傳統。通過理氣關系的辨析, 朱熹在不同的層面確認了理爲存在的普遍根据。作爲存在所以可能的根据, 理又被賦予所以然與所當然二重涵義, 與之相聯系的是融當然于必然, 正是在這里, 以理爲存在的第一原理的內在涵義得到了眞正的展示。當然與必然的溝通旣使當然之則的規范意義得到强化, 也突出了人的理性本質。較之當然和必然, 天命之性和道心更多地從內在的方面展開了普遍之理, 后者(理)在人格的成就與行爲的成就中具體的表現爲自覺的原則。在以自覺的原則確證人不同于其他存在之本質規定的同時, 朱熹又或多或少表現出以自覺原則消解自愿原則的趨向。 Taking Li(principle) as first principle, Zhu Xi, following Cheng Brothers, displays both the inclination of metaphysical approach and the attempt of linking the way of humanity and the way of cosmology. As the foundation of being, Li(principle) is understood as both necessity and normativity. The connection of necessity and normativity highlights the normal function of Li(principle) as well as the principle of rationality. Accordingly, the Li(principle) seems to appear as certain kind compulsive norms, which leads, in moral sphere, to the tendency to overlook the principle of willing. [Article in Chinese]

Seeking to Meaning: The Confucianism in the perspective of Modernity

( Yang Guorong ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2009 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.12

關注精神世界, 是儒學的內在特点之一, 這種關注同時體現了內在的意義的追尋。從現代的視域看, 儒學的以上進路包含多重意蘊。與自我的反思、體悟、感受等等相聯系, 精神世界所內含的意義不僅涉及對象, 而且指向人自身之“在”。就對人自身存在意義的思和悟而言, 境界或精神世界的核心, 集中體現于理想的追求與使命的意識。理想的追求以“人可以期望什么”或“人應當期望什么”爲指向, 使命的意識則展開爲“人應當承擔什么”的追問, 二者與“人爲何而在”的自我反思緊密聯系, 體現了對人自身存在意義的深沈關切。作爲傳統的觀念系統, 儒學在以上方面的思考旣有其歷史的限度, 又內含着需要珍視的思想資源, 后者在今天對意義世界的追求和建構中, 依然具有重要的意義。 One of the internal characteristics of Confucianism is focusing upon spiritual world, which implies the seeking of meaning and entails multiple significance. Associated with inside reflection and embodied knowing, the meaning implied by spiritual world involves not only the outside objects, but also human being himself. As the later concerned, the core of the spiritual world is manifested in both pursuit to the ideal and the consciousness of obligation. The pursuit to the ideal points at question of “what can I hope” while the consciousness of obligation links to the question of “what ought I to do”. The both of the two are connected with the reflection of the question of “what is ultimate end of human being”, which displays the deep concern of the meaning of human being. The thinking of Confucianism in the above aspects is still significant today. [Article in Chinese]

The Studies of Ye Shi’s Philosophical Thinking

( Yang Guorong ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2011 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.15

葉适之學, 以事功爲主導。就內在哲學趨向而言, 事功之學包含二個基本之点, 卽關注現實的世界和現實的社會生活, 强調實際的踐行幷注重踐行的實際結果。在葉适那里, 以上二個方面通過物、道、勢與人的關系以及成己與成物之辨, 得到了具體而多層面的展開。物作爲對象, 其存在不依賴于人, 然而, 物所具有的价値意義, 却是通過人的活動(極其勞)而呈現, 幷在人的活動過程中獲得現實的形態。在人與勢的關系上, 一方面, “勢”表現爲一種“不知其然而然”的必然趨向, 另一方面, 人又可以因“勢”利導、順“勢”而爲, 通過自身的實踐以實現价値理想和价値目標。在順勢而爲的過程中, “以物用而不以己用”與“勢在己不在物”呈現了某種統一性。就人與己的關系而言, 個體的“果行而育德”與社會歷史領域的循道而行、順勢而爲的“振民”過程也合而无間。對以上問題的闡述, 旣包含了多重的理論意蘊, 又展示了儒學演進中不同于心性之學的歷史趨向。 Ye Shi’s philosophical thinking contained two dimensions: paying close attention to social reality and stressing the human practice as well as the outcome of practice. Theses two sides are well demonstrated in discussion regarding the relationship of thing, Dao, tendency and human being as well as the relation between refining self and refining the world. Thing as object, for Ye, is independed from human being, however, its meaning of value is only disclosed to human. Similarly, though tendency is the necessary force, yet based on their grasping of various tendencies, human being can realize their social ideal through practice. Furthermore, as the relation between self and others is concerned, individual person can both making endeavor for the cultivation of self and the playing a significant role in social activities. The all investigations on the issues above are manifested unique development of Confucianism which are different from the approach of the Neo-Confucianism. [Article in Chinese]

A ²³⁵U mass measurement method for UO₂ rod assembly based on the n/γ joint measurement system

Yang, Jianqing,Zhang, Quanhu,Su, Xianghua,Li, Sufen,Zhuang, Lin,Hou, Suxia,Huo, Yonggang,Zhou, Hao,Liu, Guorong Korean Nuclear Society 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.5

Fast-Neutron Multiplicity Counter based on Liquid Scintillator Detector can directly measure the fast neutron multiplicity emitted by UO₂ rod. HPGe gamma spectrometer; which has superior energy resolution; is routinely used for the gamma energy spectrum measurement. Combing Fast-Neutron Multiplicity Counter and HPGe γ-spectrometer, the n/γ joint measurement system is developed. The fast neutron multiplicity and gamma energy spectrum of UO₂ rod assemblies under different conditions are measured by the n/γ joint measurement system. The induced fission rate and the ²³⁵U abundance, thereby the ²³⁵U mass; can be obtained for UO₂ rod assemblies. The ²³⁵U mass deviation of the measured value from the reference value is less than 5%. The results show that the n/γ joint measurement system is effective and applicable in the measurement of the ²³⁵U mass in samples.

Thermal field of large-diameter concrete filled steel tubular members under solar radiation

Daigeng Yang,Guorong Chen,Xiaofei Ding,Juncai Xu 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2020 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.26 No.4

Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) members have been widely used in engineering, and their tube diameters have become larger and larger. But there is no research on the thermal field of large-diameter CFST structure. These studies focused on the thermal field of the large-diameter CFST structure under solar radiation. The environmental factors and the actual placement position were considered, and the finite element model (FEM) of the thermal field of CFST members under solar radiation (SR) was established. Then the FEM was verified by practical experiments. The most unfavorable temperature gradient model in the cross-section was proposed. The testing results showed that the temperature field of the large-diameter CFST member section was non-linearly distributed due to the influence of SR. The temperature field results of CFST members with different pipe diameters indicated that the larger the core concrete diameter was, the slower the central temperature changed, and there was a significant temperature difference between the center and the boundary. Based on the numerical model, the most unfavorable temperature gradient model in the section was proposed. The model showed that the temperature difference around the center of the circle is small, and the boundary temperature difference is significant. The maximum temperature difference is 15.22°C, which appeared in the southern boundary area of the specimen. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the influence of SR on the thermal field of the member for large-diameter CFST members in actual engineering, which causes a large temperature gradient in the member.

A whole genome sequence association study of muscle fiber traits in a White Duroc×Erhualian F₂ resource population

Guo, Tianfu,Gao, Jun,Yang, Bin,Yan, Guorong,Xiao, Shijun,Zhang, Zhiyan,Huang, Lusheng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.5

Objective: Muscle fiber types, numbers and area are crucial aspects associated with meat production and quality. However, there are few studies of pig muscle fibre traits in terms of the detection power, false discovery rate and confidence interval precision of whole-genome quantitative trait loci (QTL). We had previously performed genome scanning for muscle fibre traits using 183 microsatellites and detected 8 significant QTLs in a White Duroc×Erhualian F₂ population. The confidence intervals of these QTLs ranged between 11 and 127 centimorgan (cM), which contained hundreds of genes and hampered the identification of QTLs. A whole-genome sequence imputation of the population was used for fine mapping in this study. Methods: A whole-genome sequences association study was performed in the F₂ population. Genotyping was performed for 1,020 individuals (19 F₀, 68 F₁, and 933 F₂). The whole-genome variants were imputed and 21,624,800 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified and examined for associations to 11 longissimus dorsi muscle fiber traits. Results: A total of 3,201 significant SNPs comprising 7 novel QTLs showing associations with the relative area of fiber type I (I_RA), the fiber number per square centimeter (FN) and the total fiber number (TFN). Moreover, one QTL on pig chromosome 14 was found to affect both FN and TFN. Furthermore, four plausible candidate genes associated with FN (kinase non-catalytic C-lobe domain containing [KNDC1]), TFN (KNDC1), and I_RA (solute carrier family 36 member 4, contactin associated protein like 5, and glutamate metabotropic receptor 8) were identified. Conclusion: An efficient and powerful imputation-based association approach was utilized to identify genes potentially associated with muscle fiber traits. These identified genes and SNPs could be explored to improve meat production and quality via marker-assisted selection in pigs.

Effect of Al on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg–Sn–Ca–Mn Wrought Alloy

Yun Feng,Yuanyuan Yang,Zongqi Xiao,Xianglong Meng,Guorong Zhou,Jinfeng Leng,Xinying Teng 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.6

Mg–Sn–Ca–Mn–xAl (x = 0,1.5 wt%) alloys with ultra-fine recrystallized grains were prepared by conventional extrusion(400 °C, 0.5 mm/s). Effects of aluminum (Al) on mechanical properties and microstructure of the Mg–1Sn–1Ca–0.5Mn(wt%) alloy were systematically investigated. By the addition of 1.5 wt% Al, the yield strength of the as-extruded alloysignificantly increased from 183 to 237 MPa. The as-cast alloys show a dendritic structure consists of α-Mg, (Mg, Al)2Ca,and CaMgSn phases. The as-extruded Mg–1Sn–1Ca–0.5Mn–1.5Al alloys exhibit a bimodal grain structure composed ofdynamic recrystallized (DRXed) fine grains and coarse unDRXed grains. Compared with Al free alloy, a lot of nano-scaleplanar Al2Caand rectangle shape Al8Mn5precipitated in the as-extruded alloy with 1.5 wt% Al. Meanwhile, the addition ofAl significantly strengthened alloys’ fiber texture with < 10–10 >//ED.