The Development of Questionnaire on the Motivation of College Students` participation in Tennis

( Xiao Chuan Yin ),( Ke Li ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose: As the world`s second largest professional sports, tennis is played by quite many people around the world including college students. And as the main group playing the tennis, college student plays an important role in popularizing tennis, and could be the pioneer of developing Chinese mass tennis. This research is aiming at developing the Questionnaire on the Motivation of College Students` Participation in Tennis, so that the reason why college students play tennis could be measured more precisely. To be further, the motivation of college students in Beijing will be measured so as to know more about the reason why college students play tennis. Thus, suggestions could be offered to bring more and more college student to play tennis as well as to make the one who is already take part in the sport get much more fun to be willing to take part in sports lifelong. Method: The Questionnaire on the Motivation of College Students` Participation in Tennis is developed based on literature and interview. 240 college students were tested. T-test、exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and correlation analysis was used to test the validity and reliability. Result: Five factors were got after common factor analysis, and there are significant correlations between the factors(0.379~0.678, p<0.01 ). Also there are significant correlations between the factors and the total points (0.625~0.857, p<0.01 ). The questionnaire`s Cronbach αof the population is 0.936. The Cronbach αof the factors is above 0.800. The split-half reliability of the motivation of undergraduate about tennis sport is 0.889. All the split-half reliability among the factors is above 0.800. Conclusion: Firstly, The Questionnaire on the Motivation of College Students` Participation in Tennis includes five factors and 29 items. The five factors are: enjoyment, external influence, learning, emotional experience and value expression. Secondly, With high reliability and validity, the Questionnaire on the Motivation of College Students` Participation in Tennis can be used to measure the motivation of college students` participation in tennis. Thirdly, There are significant differences between the gender and grades on external influence, learning and emotional experience but no on the enjoyment. Significant differences also showed between the different majors on value expression.

Functional Gradient Materials : CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROSTRUCTURE IN A ZrO2 - Ni FUNCTIONALLY GRADIENT MATERIAL

Zhong Da Yin,Jing Chuan Zhu,Zhong Hong Lai,Xiao Dong Li,Dei Zhuang Yang 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 1995 Advanced Material and Processing Vol.2 No.-

A Novel Dynamic Spectrum Access Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Networks

Zhao, Ming,Yin, Chang-Chuan,Wang, Xiao-Jun The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2013 Journal of communications and networks Vol.15 No.1

This paper proposes a new dynamic spectrum access (DSA) algorithm for cognitive radio networks. Once initialized, this algorithm works without the need of coordination overhead and hence can be used when no control channel is available. Secondary user (SU) lists and predetermined access control are used in this algorithm. We analyze the probability of no SU collision with primary user and the throughput of our proposed algorithm. Extensive simulations show that our algorithm outperforms the existing DSA algorithm in terms of both the aggregate throughput and the traffic distribution fairness. Furthermore, the validity of our analysis is confirmed by simulation results.

Physical properties and chemical composition of the cores in the California molecular cloud

Zhang, Guo-Yin,Xu, Jin-Long,Vasyunin, A. I.,Semenov, D. A.,Wang, Jun-Jie,Dib, Sami,Liu, Tie,Liu, Sheng-Yuan,Zhang, Chuan-Peng,Liu, Xiao-Lan,Wang, Ke,Li, Di,Wu, Zhong-Zu,Yuan, Jing-Hua,Li, Da-Lei,Gao, Springer-Verlag 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.620 No.-

<P><I>Aims.</I> We aim to reveal the physical properties and chemical composition of the cores in the California molecular cloud (CMC), so as to better understand the initial conditions of star formation.</P><P><I>Methods.</I> We made a high-resolution column density map (18.2′′) with <I>Herschel</I> data, and extracted a complete sample of the cores in the CMC with the fellwalker algorithm. We performed new single-pointing observations of molecular lines near 90 GHz with the IRAM 30m telescope along the main filament of the CMC. In addition, we also performed a numerical modeling of chemical evolution for the cores under the physical conditions.</P><P><I>Results.</I> We extracted 300 cores, of which 33 are protostellar and 267 are starless cores. About 51% (137 of 267) of the starless cores are prestellar cores. Three cores have the potential to evolve into high-mass stars. The prestellar core mass function (CMF) can be well fit by a log-normal form. The high-mass end of the prestellar CMF shows a power-law form with an index <I>α</I> = −0.9 ± 0.1 that is shallower than that of the Galactic field stellar mass function. Combining the mass transformation efficiency (<I>ε</I>) from the prestellar core to the star of 15 ± 1% and the core formation efficiency (CFE) of 5.5%, we suggest an overall star formation efficiency of about 1% in the CMC. In the single-pointing observations with the IRAM 30m telescope, we find that 6 cores show blue-skewed profile, while 4 cores show red-skewed profile. [HCO<SUP>+</SUP>]/[HNC] and [HCO<SUP>+</SUP>]/[N2H<SUP>+</SUP>] in protostellar cores are higher than those in prestellar cores; this can be used as chemical clocks. The best-fit chemical age of the cores with line observations is ~5 × 10<SUP>4</SUP> yr.</P>

Bevacizumab Regulates Cancer Cell Migration by Activation of STAT3

Wu, Huan-Huan,Zhang, Shuai,Bian, Huan,Li, Xiao-Xu,Wang, Lin,Pu, Yin-Fei,Wang, Yi-Xiang,Guo, Chuan-Bin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.15

There are numerous clinical cases indicating that long-term use of bevacizumab may increase the invasiveness of tumors. However, to date, little is known about underlying molecular mechanisms. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate effects of bevacizumab in four cancer cells lines (WSU-HN6, CAL27, Tca83, and HeLa). It was found to promote migration and invasion in the WSU-HN6 and Tca83 cases, while exerting inhibitory effects in CAL27 and HeLa cells. The signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 inhibitors niclosamide and S3I-201 inhibited the STAT3 signal pathway, which is activated by bevacizumab. These inhibitors also substantially blocked bevacizumab-induced migration of WSU-HN6 and Tca83 cells. Bevacizumab upregulated interleukin (IL)-6 and phosphorylated (p)-STAT3 expression time-dependently. Therefore, we propose that bevacizumab has differential effects on the migration of different cancer cell lines and promotes migration via the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Biphasic effects of TGFβ1 on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

( Rui Dong Li ),( Zhong Liang Deng ),( Ning Hu ),( Xi Liang ),( Bo Liu ),( Jin Yong Luo ),( Liang Chen ),( Liang Jun Yin ),( Xiao Ji Luo ),( Wei Shui ),( Tong Chuan He ),( Wei Huang ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2012 BMB Reports Vol.45 No.9

We have found that the previously uncharacterized bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP9) is one of the most osteogenic factors. However, it is unclear if BMP9 cross-talks with TGFβ1 during osteogenic differentiation. Using the recombinant BMP9 adenovirus, we find that low concentration of rhTGFβ1 synergistically induces alkaline phosphatase activity in BMP9-transduced C3H10T1/2 cells and produces more pronounced matrix mineralization. However, higher concentrations of TGFβ1 inhibit BMP9-induced osteogenic activity. Real-time PCR and Western blotting indicate that BMP9 in combination with low dose of TGFβ1 potentiates the expression of later osteogenic markers osteopontin, osteocalcin and collagen type 1 (COL1a2), while higher concentrations of TGFβ1 decrease the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin but not COL1a2. Cell cycle analysis reveals that TGFβ1 inhibits C3H10T1/2 proliferation in BMP9-induced osteogenesis and restricts the cells in G0/G1 phase. Our findings strongly suggest that TGFβ1 may exert a biphasic effect on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. [BMB Reports 2012; 45(9): 509-514]