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- 저자 : ( Xi Chang Tan ) (검색결과 3 건)
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중국 Changzhou댐의 방수로 운용에 따른 어류밀도와 분포에 관한 음향조사
( Xi Chang Tan ),강명희 ( Myoung Hee Kang ),( Jiang Ping Tao ),( Xin Hui Li ),( Dao Ming Huang ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2011 한국수산과학회지 Vol.44 No.4
Hydroacoustic surveys were performed to clarify the density and spatial distribution of fish upstream and downstream of Changzhou Dam in the Pearl River, China, with regard to the condition of the spillways. Fish were densely distributed in the forebay of the upstream dam and the average fish density was 0.22 individuals/㎥ under open spillways on 24 June 2010, but when the spillways were closed on 25 June 2010, the fish in the upstream dam dispersed and the average fish density decreased to 0.007 individuals/㎥. Meanwhile, the average fish density in the downstream region was 0.28 individuals/㎥ before the spillway was opened on 24 May 2010, but it decreased to 0.08 individuals/㎥ on 26 June, just after the spillway was closed. The vertical distribution of fish upstream of the dam was not consistent. The target strength (TS) of fish upstream of the dam was larger than that of fish in the downstream region, although the distribution of TS was similar between the upstream and downstream regions. Therefore, we concluded that while numerous fish could swim to the upstream region while the spillways were open, closed spillways obstructed fish migrating upward from the downstream region.
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Markov Chain Modelling Analysis of HIV/AIDS Progression: A Race-based Forecast in the United States
Lee, S.,Ko, J.,Tan, Xi,Patel, Isha,Balkrishnan, R.,Chang, J. Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2014 Indian journal of pharmaceutical sciences Vol.76 No.2
<P>HIV/AIDS has reached a pandemic level across the world with more than 33 million people who are living with HIV. In the United States, more than half a million people have been victims of AIDS. This study investigates the most vulnerable racial minority population (the African Americans) in the United States and the second least affected (the Caucasians) in order to predict the trends of the epidemic. A Markov chain analysis was used to model the progression of the disease among vulnerable people, infective people and AIDS cases for the two races separately, based on the 2009 Centers of Disease Control and Prevention HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report. Based on the Markov model, our study predicts that the number of African American people living with AIDS diagnosis and HIV infection and dead due to HIV/AIDS will be 662.2, 1225.3 and 62.9 in 2015 and 794.9, 1566.5 and 79.2 in 2030, respectively. The number of Caucasian people living with AIDS diagnosis and HIV infection and dead due to HIV/AIDS will be 96.4, 160 and 6.5 in 2015 and 118.6, 206.9 and 8.3 in 2030, respectively. The numbers of deaths due to HIV/AIDS are quite stable over the years in both the races. There is an increasing trend in the number of people living with HIV infection and AIDS diagnosis in Caucasians compared with African Americans. The absolute number of Caucasians living with AIDS diagnosis and HIV infection is quite smaller compared with African Americans. The results reveal discrepancy in HIV infection, AIDS diagnosis and deaths due to HIV/AIDS among the African Americans and the Caucasians races. There is a need for interventions focusing on HIV/AIDS prevention and management, optimum resource allocation and development of antiAIDS campaigns to reduce the infection rate.</P>
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HVOF 용사공정에 의한 단결정 초내열합금 코팅계면 이차 반응층 생성기구 고찰
윤중근 ( Joong Geun Yoon ),권순일 ( Soon Il Kwon ),이지원 ( Ji Won Lee ),X.P.Tan ( Xi Peng Tan ),최백규 ( Baig Gyu Choi ),김인수 ( In Soo Kim ),조창용 ( Chang Yong Jo ),홍현욱 ( Hyun Uk Hong ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2014 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.52 No.6
The formation of the secondary reaction zone (SRZ) at the interface between the CoNiCrAlY coating and experimental Ni-based single crystal superalloy substrate was investigated. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation revealed that the SRZ was composed of recrystallized γ` grains with a high density of fine topologically close-packed (TCP) precipitates. The TCP precipitate was identified as the faulted and twinned rhombohedral μ phase. TCP precipitation appears to be analogous to the discontinuous precipitation. The γ` grains nucleated epitaxially with grains in the coated layer. Preferential formation of the SRZ was observed along the <110> direction. This anisotropy of SRZ formation may be essentially related to the preferential <110> dislocation gliding direction where recrystallization would be most active due to high strain energy and the supply of fast interdiffusion pathways. Based on the suggested SRZ formation mechanism, the intermediate annealing is proposed to suppress SRZ formation in terms of mitigation of strain energy and interdiffusion. (Received September 26, 2013)
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