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Detection of LSB Matching Revisited Using Pixel Difference Feature
( Wenxiang Li ),( Tao Zhang ),( Zhenhao Zhu ),( Yan Zhang ),( Xin Ping ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2013 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.7 No.10
This paper presents a detection method for least significant bit matching revisited (LSBMR) steganography. Previous research shows that the adjacent pixels of natural images are highly correlated and the value 0 appears most frequently in pixel difference. Considering that the message embedding process of LSBMR steganography has a weighted-smoothing effect on the distribution of pixel difference, the frequency of the occurrence of value 0 in pixel difference changes most significantly whereas other values approximately remain unchanged during message embedding. By analyzing the effect of LSBMR steganography on pixel difference distribution, an equation is deduced to estimate the frequency of difference value 0 using the frequencies of difference values 1 and 2. The sum of the ratio of the estimated value to the actual value as well as the ratio of the frequency of difference value 1 to difference value 0 is used as the steganalytic detector. Experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect LSBMR steganography and can outperform previous proposed methods.
Li Qiqi,Zhang Yingnan,Song Ya,Yang Huawei,Yang Lixia,Bai Liangjiu,Wei Donglei,Wang Wenxiang,Liang Ying,Chen Hou 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.2
Biomass carbon materials with high rate capacity have great potential to boost supercapacitors with cost effective, fast charging–discharging performance and high safety requirements, yet currently suffers from a lack of targeted preparation methods. Here we propose a facile FeCl3 assisted hydrothermal carbonization strategy to prepare ultra-high rate biomass carbon from apple residues (ARs). In the preparation process, ARs were first hydrothermally carbonized into a porous precursor which embedded by Fe species, and then synchronously graphitized and activated to form biocarbon with a large special surface area (2159.3 m2 g−1) and high degree of graphitization. The material exhibited a considerable specific capacitance of 297.5 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and outstanding capacitance retention of 85.7% at 10 A g−1 in 6 M KOH, and moreover, achieved an energy density of 16.2 Wh kg−1 with the power density of 350.3 W kg−1. After 8000 cycles, an initial capacitance of 95.2% was maintained. Our findings provide a new idea for boosting the rate capacity of carbon-based electrode materials.
Hongwei Li,Wenxiang Huang,Long Xu,Xiaosi Zhou,Hongxia Liu,Zhaobang Cheng 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.5
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) is a major limiting factor in the production of cucumber plants worldwide. In the present study, we use plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to control this virus effectively. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia HW2 was isolated from healthy cucumber root, exhibited a good biocontrol efficacy against CGMMV. Here, it is documented that 20 d after virus inoculation, the biocontrol efficacy of HW2 reached 52.61%. HW2 can effectively colonize in cucumber rhizosphere, and also promoted cucumber plants growth. We also examined the effect of HW2 on viral replication and its mechanism. Compared with the control, HW2 pre-treated plants could delay virus replication for more than 3 d and inhibit viral protein genes (CP, MP, Rep) expression in the cucumber leaf. The expression of antioxidant enzyme genes (SOD and CAT) and defense-related genes (PR1 and PR5) were quickly induced by HW2. These results suggest that HW2 induced plant defense responses to CGMMV by increasing the expression of defense response genes. We report for the first time that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia improved cucumber resistance against CGMMV, which highlights the applying of PGPR on controlling of virus diseases.