Finding the Julian Dates of the Islamic Events Before Hijra Using Computer

Al-Dargazelli, Shaikh Muhammad Al-Husseini Jamal N. Hussein Shetha,Fatoohi, Hamid M. An-Ni'aymi Louay J. 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 1992 중동연구 Vol.11 No.-

A new lunar calendar, called the Muhammadan calendar, starting with the year and month of birth of the Prophet Muhammad was introduced to cover all the history of Islam which began with the birth of the Prophet Muhammad. A lunar historical sequence of the most important Islamic events during the life of Prophet Muhammad was obtained by finding the dates of these events according to the Muhammadan calendar. After a profound study for the historical sources, the birth year of the Prophet Muhammad was considered to be 570 A.D. A computer program for determining the time and exact Julian date of the birth of new moons was used in addition to a manual method to determine the beginning of every Muhammadan month under consideration. The Mutammadan dates were converted into Julian dates. The exact Julian dates of the Islamic events before Hijra (migration) were found for the first time, as well as, the most accurate Julian dates of the Islamic events after Hijra. The results revealed that the most important Islamic events had occurred on Fridays, explaining why Friday is considered by Islam to be a sacred day.

A Review of Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Copper Nanoparticles Using Green Method

Muhammad Rafique,Ahson J. Shaikh,Reena Rasheed,Muhammad Bilal Tahir,Hafiz FaiqBakhat,MUHAMMAD SHAHID RAFIQUE,Faiz Rabbani 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2017 NANO Vol.12 No.4

To address accosts of this modern age, the synthesis of metal nanoparticles is more important than ever. Copper has been recognized as a nontoxic, safe inorganic material, cheaper antibacterial/antifungal agent, and has high potential in a wide range of biological, catalytic and sensors applications more particularly in the form of nanoparticles. This resulted in the development of numerous methods for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles. As conventional methods like chemical and physical methods have several limitations so there is need to an alternate method. Due to nontoxic and eco-friendly nature, it has recently been shifted toward green synthesis of copper nanoparticles over conventional methods. Additionally, characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles is essential for their use in various applications. This review gives an overview of environment friendly synthesis method of copper nanoparticles and their applications on the basis of their potential selectivity and preferences in a number of fields like material sciences and biomedicine.

Application of Deep Learning: A Review for Firefighting

Shaikh, Muhammad Khalid International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.5

The aim of this paper is to investigate the prevalence of Deep Learning in the literature on Fire & Rescue Service. It is found that deep learning techniques are only beginning to benefit the firefighters. The popular areas where deep learning techniques are making an impact are situational awareness, decision making, mental stress, injuries, well-being of the firefighter such as his sudden fall, inability to move and breathlessness, path planning by the firefighters while getting to an fire scene, wayfinding, tracking firefighters, firefighter physical fitness, employment, prediction of firefighter intervention, firefighter operations such as object recognition in smoky areas, firefighter efficacy, smart firefighting using edge computing, firefighting in teams, and firefighter clothing and safety. The techniques that were found applied in firefighting were Deep learning, Traditional K-Means clustering with engineered time and frequency domain features, Convolutional autoencoders, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Deep Neural Networks, Simulation, VR, ANN, Deep Q Learning, Deep learning based on conditional generative adversarial networks, Decision Trees, Kalman Filters, Computational models, Partial Least Squares, Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Edge computing, C5 Decision Tree, Restricted Boltzmann Machine, Reinforcement Learning, and Recurrent LSTM. The literature review is centered on Firefighters/firemen not involved in wildland fires. The focus was also not on the fire itself. It must also be noted that several deep learning techniques such as CNN were mostly used in fire behavior, fire imaging and identification as well. Those papers that deal with fire behavior were also not part of this literature review.

Waldenström macroglobulinemia presenting with neurological symptoms after chemotherapy

Muhammad Shariq Shaikh,Bushra Moiz 대한혈액학회 2016 Blood Research Vol.51 No.1

Frequency of Chromosomal Abnormalities in Pakistani Adults with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Shaikh, Muhammad Shariq,Adil, Salman Naseem,Shaikh, Mohammad Usman,Khurshid, Mohammad Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.21

Background: The difference in prognosis of adult and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) can be attributed largely to variation in cytogenetic abnormalities with age groups. Cytogenetic analysis in acute leukemia is now routinely used to assist patient management, particularly in terms of diagnosis, disease monitoring, prognosis and risk stratification. Knowing about cytogenetic profile at the time of diagnosis is important in order to take critical decisions in management of the patients. Aim and Objectives: To determine the frequency of cytogenetic abnormalities in Pakistani adult patients with ALL in order to have insights regarding behavior of the disease. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the cases of ALL (${\geq}15$years old) diagnosed at Aga Khan University from January 2006 to June 2014 was performed. Phenotype (B/T lineage) was confirmed in all cases by flow cytometry. Cytogenetic analysis was made for all cases using the trypsin-Giemsa banding technique. Karyotypes were interpreted using the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN) criteria. Results: A total of 166 patients were diagnosed as ALL during the study period, of which 151 samples successfully yielded metaphase chromosomes. The male to female ratio was 3.4:1. The majority (n=120, 72.3%) had a B-cell phenotype. A normal karyotype was present in 51% (n=77) of the cases whereas 49% (n=74) had an abnormal karyotype. Of the abnormal cases, 10% showed Philadelphia chromosome; t(9;22)(q34;q11.2). Other poor prognostic cytogenetic subgroups were t(4;11)(q21;q23), hypodiploidy (35-45 chromosomes) and complex karyotype. Hyperdiploidy (47-57 chromosomes) occurred in 6.6%; all of whom were younger than 30 years. Conclusions: This study showed a relatively low prevalence of Philadelphia chromosome in Pakistani adults with ALL with an increase in frequency with age (p=0.003). The cumulative prevalence of Philadelphianegative poor cytogenetic aberrations in different age groups was not significant (p=0.6).

RSA Based Digital Signature for Secure Authentication

( Shaikh Muhammad Allayear ),( Sung Soon Park ) 한국정보처리학회 2005 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.12 No.1

Now these days, many technical concepts and tools have been developed in the cryptographic field. Most digital signature schemes used in practice, such as RSA or DSA, have an important role in information privacy and secure authentication for perfect user. A clearly advantage of such schemes over with security proven relative to such common cryptographic assumptions, is their efficiency: as a result of their relative weak requirements regarding computation, bandwidth and storage, these scheme have so far beaten proven secure schemes in practice. Our aim is to contribute to bridge the gap that exists between the theory and practice of digital signature schemes. In this paper we present a digital signature that ensures information privacy. More precisely, under an appropriate assumption about RSA, the scheme is proven to be existentially forgeable under adaptively chosen message attacks. This mechanism can be applied to smart cards or E-Wallet for maintaining secure authentication for user’s information privacy.

Chromosomal Abnormalities in Pakistani Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Shaikh, Muhammad Shariq,Ali, Syed Sarwer,Khurshid, Mohammad,Fadoo, Zehra Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.9

Background: Cytogenetic abnormalities have important implications in diagnosis and prognosis of acute leukemia and are now considered an important part of the diagnostic workup at presentation. Karyotype, if known at the time of diagnosis, guides physicians to plan appropriate management strategies for their patients. Aim and Objectives: To determine the cytogenetic profile of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Pakistani children in order to have insights regarding behavior of the disease. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of all the cases of ALL (<15years old) diagnosed at Aga Khan University from January 2006 to June 2011 was performed. Cytogenetic analysis was made for all cases using the trypsin-Giemsa banding technique. Karyotypes were interpreted using the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISCN) criteria. Results: A total of 153 patients were diagnosed as ALL during the study period, of which 127 samples successfully yielded metaphase chromosomes. The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. A normal karyotype was present in 51.2% (n=65) of the cases whereas 48.8% (n=62) had an abnormal karyotype. Most of the abnormal cases showed hyperdiploidy(13.4%) followed by t(9;22)(q34;q11.2) (7.08%). Conclusions: This study revealed a relative lack of good prognostic cytogenetic aberrations in Pakistani children with ALL.

Waldenström macroglobulinemia presenting with neurological symptoms after chemotherapy

Muhammad Shariq Shaikh,Bushra Moiz 대한혈액학회 2016 Blood Research Vol.51 No.1

Finding the Julian Dates of the Islamic Events Before Hijra Using Computer

( Shaikh Muhammad ),( Al Casnazani ),( Al Husseini ),( Jamal N. Hussein ),( Shetha Al Dargazelli ),( Hamid M. An Ni`aymi ),( Louay J. Fatoohi ) 한국외국어대학교 중동연구소 1992 중동연구 Vol.11 No.-

Secure E-Voting System with Secure Storage Media

( Shaikh Muhammad Allayear ),( Sung Soon Park ) 한국정보처리학회 2005 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.12 No.1

The Global IT revolution is growing rapidly. Government and business have to be ready to meet the increased demand for effective and secure online services. With the E-Government practicing, day-by-day the public demand is also increasing simultaneously. Now this present moment, one of important research part is secure E-Voting for E-Government service, but for this important factor or Government Issue, it needs information privacy for secure information transaction of citizen’s opinions and secure authentication. This paper has analyzed several approaches E-voting protocols, those are implemented with many digital signature mechanism and maintained many types of cryptographic rules, which are main factor for information privacy. In this paper we have discussed them with a view to voter anonymity and protection from manipulations. The paper then developed an algorithm designed to guarantee anonymity of the voter and to avoid the risk of manipulation of votes. In this paper the proposed algorithm is based upon the strict separation of voter’s registration and submission of votes, which means that certain information has to be stored on a secure storage media.