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Effect of Thermal Stress on Sexual Behaviour of Superovulated Bharat Merino Ewes
Maurya, V.P.,Naqvi, S.M.K.,Gulyani, R.,Joshi, A.,Mittal, J.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.10
The present study was undertaken to study the effect of thermal stress on sexual behaviour of superovulated ewes. Fourteen adult Bharat Merino ewes with an average body weight of 29.4${\pm}$2.34 kg were randomly allocated into two groups of 7 each. All the animals were grazed on natural pasture in the morning and evening hours and housed in shed during night. Animals of Group-1 were housed in shed from 10:00 to 16:00 h while the animals of Group-2 were exposed to thermal stress in a hot chamber ($40^{\circ}C$ /6 h/day). All the animals were offered drinking water once a day at 16:30 h. Meteorological observations i.e. dry bulb, wet bulb, minimum and maximum temperature were recorded daily inside the shed as well as in hot chamber throughout the experimental period. For superovulation of animals, standard protocol developed at the Institute, using FSH (Ovagen 5.4 mg in eight injections) and PMSG (200 IU) was followed. Various sexual behaviour parameters (circling, tail fanning, head turning, standing and approaching to ram) and estrus incidence (onset of estrus and estrus duration) were observed in both the groups. The different estrus symptoms were graded subjectively on arbitrary scale of 0-5 where 0 representing no sexual behaviour (0%) and 5 representing maximum intensity in sexual behaviour (100%). Estrus was detected with the help of a marked aproned ram of proven vigor at six hourly intervals. The average percent values for sexual behaviour parameters recorded in Group-1 and Group-2 animals were 53.7${\pm}$3.76 vs. 41.1${\pm}$2.18 for circling, 71.8${\pm}$5.42 vs. 49.0${\pm}$4.41 for tail fanning, 64.7${\pm}$3.30 vs. 44.5${\pm}$4.34 for head turning, 90.1${\pm}$3.16 vs. 75.8${\pm}$4.02 for standing and 63.8${\pm}$4.8 vs. 41.9${\pm}$4.58 for approaching to ram. Animals exposed to thermal stress had significantly lower values of these sexual behaviour parameters. The animals kept in shed exhibited estrus earlier (25.4${\pm}$1.12 h) and duration was higher (37.7${\pm}$1.59 h) as compared to animals exposed to thermal stress i.e. 30.6${\pm}$1.16 h and 31.7${\pm}$3.57 h, respectively. The findings of the study indicate that thermal stress reduces the intensity of sexual behaviour in ewes and may result in failure of the animal to mate and conceive.
Naqvi, S.M.K.,Maurya, V.P.,Joshi, Anil,Sharma, R.C.,Mittal, J.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.5
Six adult Garole rams maintained under a semi-intensive system were used as semen donors for this study. Semen was collectied daily during the monsoon season with the help of an artificial vagina and examined for its quality characteristics. Ejaculates of thick consistency, rapid wave motion, ${\geq}80%$ motility and intense movement of motile spermatozoa were diluted at the rate of 1:1 with egg yolk McIllvaine glucose diluent at $30^{\circ}C$ in water bath. Estrus in ewes was detected by parading aproned rams of proven vigour at 12 h intervals. The ewes (54 Malpura and 23 Avikalin) in estrus were artificially inseminated with fresh diluted ram semen. The overall conception rate was 94.8%, (range 91.7 to 100%). The overall lambing percent was 80.5 with a range of 75.0 to 84.6%. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference in lambing and conception rate because of individual rams. Fertility was significantly lower (p<0.05) in ewes of less than two years and more than six years of age. Breed (Malpura and Avikalin) effect was not observed in conception and lambing rate (p>0.05). No significant difference (p>0.05) in birth weight and 12 month weight was observed between Garole${\times}$Avikalin and Garole${\times}$Malpura crossbred lambs but there was significant (p<0.05) difference at three month and six months body weight of both the crossbred lambs.
Mohamedharoon A. Shaikh,Deepak M. Maurya,Naimisha P. Vanik,Akash Padmalal,Laxman S. Chamyal 한국지질과학협의회 2019 Geosciences Journal Vol.23 No.4
The Kachchh palaeo-rift graben at the western continental margin of India is currently undergoing active coseismic deformation in response to the periodic release of NE-SW oriented compressive stresses along the E-W trending intra-basinal faults. The seismically active Kachchh Mainland Fault (KMF) is the largest intra-basinal fault that is characterized by a narrow zone comprising a chain of domes and anticlines forming the rugged hilly topography of the Northern Hill Range (NHR) in the upthrown block. The present paper deals with the Jumara and Jara domes which have received considerable attention with respect to the Mesozoic biostratigraphy, however, no study has been carried out on geomorphological and neotectonic aspects. The major geomorphological units in the area include a low relief but rugged structurally controlled topography over the domes, the KMF scarp, the precipitous Jaramara scarp, the back slope over the Jaramara scarp and the rugged hilly topography over the large Ukra intrusive body that shows a complicated structural contact relation with the Mesozoic rocks ranging from concordant to discordant. Our detailed field studies supplemented by geomorphological analysis using DEM, topographical profiles, drainage characteristics and longitudinal profiles reveal the dominant control of sustained uplift along the KMF under compression in the development of the present youthful and structurally controlled landscape. Our study also suggests that the imposing E-W trending Jaramara scarp is formed due to the long-term retreat of the KMF scarp in response to uplift, while the present low relief scarp along the KMF is largely the result of post-Miocene uplift. The incision in Quaternary miliolite deposits in the Jara river gorge, deeply incising nature of the rivers, several large and small knickpoints and scanty occurrence of Quaternary miliolite deposits indicate an uplift of ~25 m during the Late Quaternary time.