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1930~1940年代における朝鮮人の｢満州｣への移住に関する研究
朴仁哲(Piao Renzhe) 한일민족문제학회 2009 한일민족문제연구 Vol.17 No.-
Today, the first generation Some Korean immigrants are still alive and living in the three provinces of the North~Eastern China, once called 'Manchuria'. Their relocation was closely connected with the reign of the Japanese Empire over the region and Korean peninsula. Very little, however, has been known about the historical realities of the Korean relocation to Manchuria. This paper discusses the relocation that happened during 1930s' and 1940s', with a special attention to those from Jeollabuk-do region. One of the reasons for the interest in the area, of all regions, is that its enormous number of poor farmers, despite its fertile tillable land, Jeonbuk plain, would make a typical case study for an immigrant problem. This study could be an attempt at introducing sociological viewpoints to the orthodox and traditional study of the Korean immigrants in Manchuria which has been in the domain for the historical study. In this paper, written documents as well as Oral historical documents from the first generation immigrants are adopted and used for discussion. Given the historical background of 'the fifteen years Sino-Japanese War' of which they were part, the Korean immigrants in Manchuria could embody the experience of the war, and the colonization policy of Imperial Japan. The Korean immigrants are still alive, not forgotten as mere history, with their personal memories through which we can have a clear picture of the times and life in Manchuria. The author believes in the Oral data that they would make a longer way, if coupled with attention to written documents, to understand the social realities and their confused aspects of that time. 구 '만주'지역인 현재 중국의 동북삼성에는 일제강점기에 한반도에서 이주한 조선인 '만주'이민 1세들이 아직도 거주하고 있다. 이민 1세의 이주와 정착에 관한 역사에는 일본의 '조선.만주' 지배가 깊이 결부되어 있다. 그러나 이 조선인의 '만주'이주에 관한 역사적 사실은 거의 알려지지 않았다. 본고에서는 전라북도에 주목해 1930~1940년대 조선인의 '만주'이주를 다루었다. 전라북도의 '만주'이주를 다룬 이유는 이 지역이 한반도에서 가장 비옥한 전북평야를 아우르고 있음에도 불구하고, 빈곤 농가가 광범위하게 형성되어 있어 이민문제를 연구할 수 있는 전형적 지역이기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 역사학 분야의 정통적인 조선인의 '만주'이민 연구에 사회학적인 연구방법론을 도입하고자 했다. 본고에서는 문헌자료뿐만 아니라 조선인 '만주'이민 1세의 구술자료도 병용하였다. 이민1세가 공간을 넘어 이동을 한 시기가 '15년 전쟁'시대였음을 감안할 때 이민 1세는 식민지체험과 전쟁체험을 동시에 한 집단이다. 조선인 이민은 과거 역사로 그치지 않았다. 이들은 지금도 과거의 이민체험을 안고 현재까지 생활하고 있다. 이민 1세의 개인사를 통해 이들이 살아온 사회사를 엿볼 수 있을 것이다. 구술자료를 이용함으로써 문헌사료로는 접근할 수 없었던 당시의 복잡한 사회상황을 엿볼 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.
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( Benyue Zhang ),( Hongyan Zhao ),( Hairu Yu ),( Di Chen ),( Xue Li ),( Weidong Wang ),( Renzhe Piao ),( Zongjun Cui ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.4
The rational utilization of crop straw as a raw material for natural gas production is of economic significance. In order to increase the efficiency of biogas production from agricultural straw, seasonal restrictions must be overcome. Therefore, the potential for biogas production via anaerobic straw digestion was assessed by exposing fresh, silage, and dry yellow corn straw to cow dung liquid extract as a nitrogen source. The characteristics of anaerobic corn straw digestion were comprehensively evaluated by measuring the pH, gas production, chemical oxygen demand, methane production, and volatile fatty acid content, as well as applying a modified Gompertz model and high-throughput sequencing technology to the resident microbial community. The efficiency of biogas production from fresh straw (433.8 ml/g) was higher than that of production from straw silage and dry yellow straw (46.55 ml/g and 68.75 ml/g, respectively). The cumulative biogas production from fresh straw, silage straw, and dry yellow straw was 365 l-1 g-1 VS, 322 l-1 g-1 VS, and 304 l-1 g-1 VS, respectively, whereas cumulative methane production was 1,426.33%, 1,351.35%, and 1,286.14%, respectively, and potential biogas production was 470.06 ml-1 g-1 VS, 461.73 ml-1 g-1 VS, and 451.76 ml-1 g-1 VS, respectively. Microbial community analysis showed that the corn straw was mainly metabolized by acetate-utilizing methanogens, with Methanosaeta as the dominant archaeal community. These findings provide important guidance to the biogas industry and farmers with respect to rational and efficient utilization of crop straw resources as material for biogas production.
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