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      • Incidence of Hepatitis B Virus among Suspected Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal

        ( Dipendra Kumar Mandal ),( Parmanda Bhandari ),( Sher Bahadur Pun ),( Manisha Rawal ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

        Aims: Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). It is a major global health problem. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from acute to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.Most adults infected with the virus recover, but 5%-10% are unable to clear the virus and become chronically infected. The aim of this study is to find the incidence of hepatitis B positive cases among suspected patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Diseases Hospital, Teku, Nepal. A total 1013 blood samples were collected by vein puncture with disposable syringe from patients attending Sukraraj Tropical Disease Hospital Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal during Dec-16-2017 to April-13-2018. All the serum samples were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) by E-CLIA of Baecman Coulter Access 2 Machine. Results: In the period of four months total 1013 patient’s sera were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), of which 295 (29.12%) sera sample were found to be positive. In the positive cases number of males exceeded that of females. The prevalence of seropositive in male was 240 (81.3%) while in case of female 55 (18.6%). Conclusions: This study shows that prevalence of viral hepatitis B was 29.12% and most commonly observed in males. Since there is no specific treatment, prevention has been the major aim in managing viral hepatitis B. Both pre-exposure and post-exposure administration of hepatitis B vaccine has been recommended. Classical example of post-exposure prophylaxis is protection of newborn infants born to carrier mothers, and individuals accidentally exposed parenterally to HBV infection through transfusion, cut, injuries and needle-sticks. The policy to give pre-exposure prophylaxis to general population should be adopted as soon as possible, to prevent it emerging as a public health problem.

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