Vitamin D Deficiency in Chronic Liver Disease patients

( Nyam Biziya ),( Bayarmaa Nyamaa ),( Bayarjargal Altankhuyag ),( Shinebayar Narantuya ),( Borkhuukhen Derem ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: One of the most nutritional deficiency in the world is the deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]. Study assessed that there are more than 1 billion people living in the world that has serum 25(OH)D<20 ng/ml deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread in individuals irrespective of their age, gender, race and geography. Deficiency of 25(OH)D not only causes children’s arthritis but to a range of common chronic diseases in adulthood such as diabetes, cancer, infectious diseases, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disease, this continuous to be a major public health problem in the world. Methods: Study participants were 102 chronic liver disease over the age of 18 from the citizens of “Choibalsan” city, “Dornod” province, who were referred to the outpatient of Dornod Medical center, Dornod, Mongolia. Overnight fasting blood samples were collected. All patients had tests for blood 25(OH)D were measured by ELISA and 28 patients who took 6 questionnaire tests. Results: Of all patients, 66 were men (68.1%) and 34 were women (31.9%). The mean age was 46 (between 18 and 89 years). There were 55 patients with cirrhosis (54%), and were 47 patients with chronic hepatitis B and C in the study group. 94 (92%) participants had 25(OH)D<20 ng/ml deficiency. Age and season had no correlation on the 25(OH)D level. From the results of the questionnaire test we can see that 5 have efficient 25(OH)D, 17 had the possibility of deficiency of 25(OH) D, and 6 had to reapply for the tests but these participants had 25(OH)D<10 ng/ml and this has no relevance on the level 25(OH)D (Pearson r=0.07, P=0.5). Conclusions: In conclusion, our pilot results show that patients as in 92% have 25(OH)D deficiency.

The Major Changes of Gilbert’s Syndrome and UGT1A1 Gene Abnormalities in Mongolians Are Western Type

( Nyam Biziya ),( Nyamaa Bayarmaa ),( Jui-ting Hu ),( May-jen Huang ),( Ching-shan Huang ),( Sien-sing Yang ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Hereditary abnormalities of uridinediphosphoglucuronate-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) gene is the major cause of unconjugated hyper-bilirubinemia. The abnormalities of UGT1A1 gene in Mongolian population remain uninvestigated. Eight in 99 consecutive Mongolian adults developed indirect hyperbilirubinemia. We therefore studied Mongolian patients for GS and UGT1A1 abnormalities. Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, ninety-nine consecutive Mongolian adult patients of chronic liver disease from the Department of Gastroenterology, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences were studied. Eight (8.1%) of them developed indirect hyperbilirubinemia. All patients were tests for blood chemistries, hemoglobin, international normalized ratio (INR), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) levels as well as UGT1A1 genetic abnormalities. We genotyped the UGT1A1 gene for the A(TA)6TAA (6) or A(TA)7TAA (7) promoter variant, and the coding region for nucleotide mutations (nt)-211 G to A, nt-686 C to A, nt-1091 C to T and nt-1456 T to G. Results: Among the eight patients that developed indirect hyperbilirubinemia, six were male and two were female. All patients had hemoglobin, INR, MCV and G6PD levels within normal limit and we excluded possibility of anemia, decompensated liver function, thalassemia and G6PD deficiency. Our data confirms two variants of the UGT1A1 gene among the Mongolian patients. Two case were homozygous for nt-211G>A mutation, two case heterozygous for 6/7 promoter variants and nt-211G>A mutation, whereas four case were typical GS with homozygous 7/7 promoter genotype with no mutation in the coding region None of our Mongolian patients had mutations at nt-686, nt-1091 or nt-1456. Conclusions: Our pilot results show that GS and UGT1A1 abnormalities are common in Mongolians. Prevalence of the UGT1A1 promoter abnormalities in Mongolians are similar to the Western population; whereas the high prevalence of nt-211G>A variant is similar to the Asians. Further studies with much larger number of patients are necessary to confirm the genetic status of GS and UGT1A1 variants in Mongolians.

The Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Pancreas by Abdominal Ultrasonography

( Nyam Biziya ),( Bayarmaa Nyamaa ),( Bolormaa Purev ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1

Aims: Pancreatic steatosis or fatty pancreas refers to the fat accumulation in the pancreas, which can lead to inflammation and fibrosis, β-cell dysfunction, fibrosis, and, possibly, pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of fatty pancreas in patients referred to an ultrasonography center of Dornod Medical center. Methods: A cross-sectional study. During 12 months, 627 patients who were referred to our abdominal ultrasonography center for various reasons were evaluated for fatty pancreas. Fatty pancreas was defined as hyperechoic pancreas echotexture compared with spleen echotexture. All patients had gone through laboratory tests and abdominal ultrasonography. Results: The prevalence of fatty pancreas was 45.8%. The fatty pancreas patients had higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, serum uric acid, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein, and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein than did the non-fatty pancreas patients (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: Fatty pancreas is a common disorder. The prevalence of fatty pancreas in the examined population is approximately 45.8%. Increased age, central obesity and fatty liver disease are independent risk factors for fatty pancreas.

Seed quality, growth and biomass allocation of one-year-old Siberian Larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.) seedlings grown at different conditions from diverse seed sources of Mongolia

( Nyam Osor ),( Batkhuu ),( Don Koo Lee ),( Yeong Dae Park ),( Jamsran Tsogtbaatar ),( Radnaalhundev Bat Amgalan ) 한국임학회 2006 한국임학회 정기학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

Prevalence of Hepatitis Delta Virus in Eastern Province Mongolia

( Nyam Biziya ),( Bayarmaa Nyamaa ),( Gankhurel Denzen ),( Shinebayar Narantuya ),( Bolormaa Purev ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1

Aims: Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is a serious cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of HDV infection among patients positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) living in the Dornod province, which is in Eastern Mongolia. Methods: Forty three HBsAg-positive subjects were tested for antibody to HDV (anti-HDV) by radioimmunoassay. All patients were tests for ALT (0-45 u/l). Anti-HDV-positive individuals were examined to determine HDV-RNA level by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Of all patients, 19 were men (68.1%) and 24 were women (31.9%). The mean age was 42.8 ± 7.5 (between 19 and 64 years). Anti-HDV was positive in 73% of the patients (31/43). Among the 31 anti-HDV-positive patients, all were checked for HDV RNA and 100% were found positive (31/31). Mean HDVRNA level was 1684574 IU/ml. Chronic HDV infection rate was therefore present in at least 73% of the whole study group (31/42). There were 23 patients with cirrhosis (54%) in the study group. Anti-HDV seroprevalence and HDV RNA presence were higher in those with cirrhosis (29/93%). HDV-RNA-positive patients had significantly higher ALT (94 U/L) levels when compared to HDV-RNA-negative patients. Conclusions: Our study showed a higher prevalence of hepatitis delta virus infection in HBsAg positive patients suggests that hepatitis delta virus infection increases the severity of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in the Eastern (Dornod province) Mongolia.

The Structure, Classification and Functions of the Nzema Noun Phrase

John Nyam,Charles Ebule 세종대학교 언어연구소 2022 Journal of Universal Language Vol.23 No.1

The paper examines the structure, classification and functions of the Nzema noun phrase (NP). The data that have been analysed in this study include a collection of told stories, extracts from the Nzema Bible, a grammar text, a novel and a drama text. The paper shows that the NP in Nzema is made up of the head (H), which could be a noun, a pronominal and several elements such as nouns, adjectives, a determiner and numeral which serve as modifiers. Modifiers can come before or after the head noun. NPs in Nzema can be classified as simple, compound and complex based on their structure. The items that occur as head of the NP are: noun only, pronoun only or adjective only. The items that optionally occur as pre-modifiers in the NP are pronoun and noun. Items that can occur as post-modifiers in the NP are numeral, quantifier pronoun, determiner, adjective and relative clause. Nzema NP can function as subject, direct object, indirect object or complement. The present study is carried out within the framework of descriptive linguistics.

Status/Issues of Forest Research and Education in Mongolia

( Batkhuu Nyam Osor ),( Don Koo Lee ),( Yeong Dae Park ) 한국임학회 2004 한국임학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Growth, Biomass Allocation and Water Use Efficiency of Two-year-old Siberian Larch (Larix sibirica Ldb.) Seedlings from Diverse Seed Sources of Mongolia

( Batkhuu Nyam Osor ),( Don Koo Lee ),( Jamsran Tsogtbaatar ),( Yeong Dae Park ) 한국임학회 2007 Forest Science And Technology Vol.3 No.1

A Numerical Study of Coaxially Gated Ballistic Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor

Munkhbaatar Nyam-Osor,Bolormaa Dalanbayar 한국멀티미디어학회 2011 한국멀티미디어학회 국제학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-

The developments of device structure and performance metrics of carbon nanotube Feld-effect transistors (CNTFETs) are rapidly advancing. Because of the capability of ballistic transport, CNTFETs are very attractive as high-speed transistors in highly integrated carbon nanotube (CNT) based circuits. Therefore, there is always a need for device numerical simulations. In this paper, we present results of numerical simulation of a coaxially-gated, ballistic CNTFET based on a semiclassical analytical theory, which is used to examine device performance limits. The results has been obtained by numerical methods using C++ programming.

Platelet Count Spleen Diameter Ratio to Predict Esophageal Varices in Mongolian Patients with Liver Cirrhosis

( Badam Bunguuzei ),( Nyam Biziya ),( Bolormaa Purev ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Portal hypertension commonly accompanies the presence of liver cirrhosis, and the development of esophageal varices is one of the major complications of portal hypertension. To validate whether the platelet count/spleen size ratio can be used to predict the presence of esophageal varices in Mongolian patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study to validate the diagnostic test for hepatic cirrhosis and was performed between 2017 to 2018. Only stable patients were included in the study. Patients with active gastrointestinal bleeding at the time of admission were excluded. All patients underwent screening upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Biochemical parameters were evaluated, and ultrasound was used to measure the longest diameter of the spleen. The platelet count/spleen diameter ratio was calculated and analyzed to determine whether it can predict the presence of esophageal varices. Results: A total of 31 patients were included. The mean age was 51.23 ± 14 years; 17 (55%) were men, and 14 (45.0%) women. Child-Pugh classification, 18 (58%) patients were classified as class A, 11(37%) as class B, and 2 (5%) as class C. The platelet count/spleen diameter ratio to detect esophageal varices independent of the grade showed using a cutoff value of ≤ 884.3, had 82% sensitivity, 71% specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of 93% and 41%, respectively. Conclusions: The platelet count to spleen diameter ratio may be a useful tool for diagnosing EVs in liver cirrhosis noninvasively when endoscopy facilities are not available.