Do Unions Increase Training to Improve Firm Competitiveness?

Lee,Young Myon,Na,In-Gang 한국인적자원관리학회 2012 인적자원관리연구 Vol.19 No.2

노동조합은 임금수준, 직장안정, 그리고 근로조건뿐 아니라 근로자의 삶을 향상시키는데 중요한 역할을 수행하고 있다. 노동조합은 또한 노동비용을 증가시키고, 시장에서 기업의 경쟁력을 저해하는 역할을 수행할 수 있다. 높은 노동비용을 부담하는 유노조 기업이 시장에서 어떻게 생존할 수 있는지를 탐색하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 경쟁이 심화되는 시장에서 경쟁우위를 유지하기 위하여서는 높은 수준의 인적자원 그리고 훈련 프로그램의 적극적 참여를 통한 기술과 지식의 지속적인 향상이 전제되어야 할 것이다. 노동조합에 의한 독려를 통한 근로자의 교육 및 개발에의 참여가 경쟁우위의 유지에 공헌할 것이다. 단순 통계 분석에서 유노조 기업이 근로자에게 더 높은 임금을 주며, 더 많은 교육을 제공하고 있다. 이러한 사실이 노동조합의 높은 임금요구에 따른 노동비용 상승 분을, 높은 생산성을 가져오는 교육으로 상쇄하고 있음을 반영하고 있다. 그러나 노동조합이 교육 및 개발비용에 미치는 효과는 다른 통제 변인들이 추가되었을 경우 사라지고 있다. 더욱이, 노동조합이 다양한 측정의 성과에 미치는 영향 역시 유의적이지 않았다. 반면에, 일인당 훈련비용은 다양한 측정의 성과에 유의적인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 시사점을 제시 하고 있다. Unions in Korea have had strong impact on improving the life of workers, including wage level, job security, and working conditions. This strong impact, however, also increased labor cost and may have actually hindered companies' competitiveness in the market, particularly in the global market. The question asked in this paper is how do unionized companies with higher labor costs survive in the market? To maintain competitive advantage in the highly competitive global market, highly qualified human resources and continuous upgrading in skills and knowledgethorough active participation in training program, are necessary conditions. The worker's participation, promoted by the union, in training and development may contribute to maintain the competitive advantage of the company. Simple statistics show that unionized companies pay workers more and train them more than nounionized companies do. This may lead to the explanation that unions get more from the company but compensate higher labor cost with more training which may lead to higher productivity. As shown in Korea Investors Service dataset, the absolute levels of per capita sales, ordinary revenue, and net revenue are higher in unionized companies with higher per capita labor cost. However, the effect of unions on training and development cost disappears when some other control variables are included in the model. Furthermore, the union variable was neither statistically significant in the random effect model for company performance on attitudinal measures such as job competency and workers’ motivation nor on financial measures such as per capita value-added, sales, and revenues. Meanwhile, the per capita training cost variable keeps its statistical significance in most of the models analyzed. To survive and prosper under the globalized competition, union may need to bargain not only wages and job security, but also company's competitiveness to help the company survive in the market. One simple but strong way of helping the company to be competitive in the market is upgrading skills and knowledge of union members.

국산 회중석을 이용한 타이어용 Ice-Spike 제조에 대한 연구

李正根,吳平濟,朴冕用,李應孝,金永基 건국대학교 1972 學術誌 Vol.14 No.1

Tungsten carbides are produced by carburization of tungsten powder and the reduction of ammonium para-tungstate obtained from Korean scheelite. The ice-spike for the automobile tire are made from tungsten carbide mi ed with cobalt powder into various amounts through the process of the double sintering, and the product composed of tungsten carbide 95.5% and cobalt 4.5% is superior to all others. The various physical properties and fabricating conditions far the production of cemented carbide are also discussed. This paper is the starting point of the development leading to wide introduction of the products permitting to ice-spice, cutting tools, etc. by using of Korean scheelite.

달의 위상 변화에 대한 초등학교 예비교사들의 이해 : 교대 4학년생과 보수교육생을 중심으로

이면우 춘천교육대학교 과학교육연구소 2001 과학교육연구 Vol.24 No.-

아세트산 용리액에 의한 금속 이온의 분리와 흡착 상태

이병조,박면용,이진휘 건국대학교 1975 學術誌 Vol.19 No.1

The various eluants have been used for the seperation of metallic ion by elution through cation exchange resin column by many investigator. We find that the mixed solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate is not only the best eluant for the analyses of the impurities in Copper, Bismuth, Zinc and Lead Metal, but also for alkaline earth metal. The distribution ratioes of the metals are determined by using the same eluants and discussed the adsorbed behaviour to cation exchange lesion.

Marx의 인간관 연구

이면호 湖南大學校 1995 호남대학교 학술논문집 Vol.16 No.1

Karl Marx, in his Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts, tries to make observations on the essential nature of a man and defines it in terms of work and labor. This idea of his is developed and elaborated more in his later works such as Thesis on Feuerbach, German Ideology and The Capital but, at the same time, these also show some new phases of Marx's thoughts on the definition of a human being. Marx tries to see a man as a total manifestation of all human activities including social relationship as well as labor activity. The main objective of this dissertation is to trace Marx's thoughts on his concept of a man in his earlier works and later ones and find out if there in any dialectical and dialogic relations between the two groups of works. This task requires discussions and analysis of Marx's major ideas, i.e. division of labor, alienation and reification, etc. Finally, as a conclusion, this dissertation attempts to show how Marx's new concept of a man contributed to our understanding of all human beings in the modern age.

클로로필의 에너지전이에 미치는 용매의 영향

李根楔,朴冕用 상명대학교 기초과학연구소 1987 기초과학연구 Vol.1 No.-

Absorption and fluorescence spectra of chlorophyll -a and -b in twenty- four solvent of different dielectric constant have been measured. The solvent - depend of absorption and emission wavelength maxima was discussed to solvent polarization and ionization potential by least square fitting method.

『地球典要』를 통해 본 崔漢綺의 世界 認識

이면우 춘천교육대학교 인문사회교육연구소 1999 人文社會敎育硏究 Vol.3 No.-

중국의 부상에 대한 일본의 대응

이면우 가톨릭대학교 아ㆍ태지역연구원 중국연구센터 1997 現代中國 Vol.- No.1

Zinc-Ferrite의 회수율에 대한 연구

李丙晁,朴冕用,李應孝 건국대학교 1973 學術誌 Vol.15 No.1

Zinc-ferrite시료를 100mesh 이하 되게 분말로 만들어 물에 푼 다음 slurry 상태의 시료 1l(Zn, 50g 함유)에 황산을 이론량의 300%되게 3l를 섞은 후 50psi, 5시간, 200℃에서 용융하여 물 3l씩 세 번 씻어 97% 이상의 아연 회수율을 얻었다. The sample of Zine-Ferrite is powdered through minus 100 mesh and mixed with water (Zn, 50g/l in slurry). The slurry of one litre is mixed with sulfuric acid 300% to stoichiometric amount and digested at 200℃ for five hours. Its pressure is 50 psi. The digested Zinc slurry is washed three times with water and the recovery of Zinc is above 97%.

한국과학사 자료를 이용한 과학교육의 가능성

이면우 한국초등과학교육학회 2003 초등과학교육 Vol.22 No.2

Science has developed along with human society and history. In today's society ruled by pluralism, and educational approach using the historical materials which represent their own cultures will make science education more effective. The purpose of this study was to search for the meaning of science education related with a history of science, and to suggest the possibility for science education based on Korean history of science. The conclusions of this study is below: (1) The history of science is useful to teaching science in K-12 setting. That is because it was helpful to make a scientific concept and to invite student's interest about learning science. Moreover, it was most suitable to teach the nature of science as well as the relation between science and society. (2) A model which consists of 15 types of science education materials using Korean history was suggested. This model plays a potential role as a R&D framework of developing teaching & learning materials based on the history of Korean Science.