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Groupdynamics -How to strengthen the success of projects?
( Monica Norberg(msc Pedagogy) ),( Mia Ljungblom(msc Pedagogy) ) 한국품질경영학회 2015 한국품질경영학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.2
Background To improve the efficiency, to reduce costs, but still maintain or even increase the quality is a necessity for organizations today. To meet the demands and needs organizations implement various improvement models which often are carried out in different projects. Research shows that 60% of projects fail due to a lack of cooperation within the project team. How a group works together affects effectiveness and performance of the work. Research also shows that effectiveness of a group is achieved only if the group reaches a certain stage of the group dynamic process. Various group dynamic processes describe how a team develops over time where Wheelan’s model focuses on relationships/tasks, but also efficiency, structures, and goals. SPGR, a group dynamic theory by Sjøvold lifts, in addition to group dynamics the individual perspective; how individuals are included in a group. If a group should be functional and effective; is it enough to be aware of the group process and to use a measuring tool to see how the group develops? Purpose The purpose with the study is to explore, during a three-year-period, if it is possible to follow a group’s development with the support of measurement tools, and based on the measurement actively work with group development. Methodology The study is longitudinal and will continue for three years, but in this first report, the first year’s results will be presented. In September 2014, 48 students began a program at a Swedish university. The program is focused on leadership, quality, and improvement. The students are divided in 9 groups with 3-6 people in each group. At three occasions during the academic year; at the beginning of October 2014, in the beginning of December, and in May 2015, each student completed two surveys: GDQ and SPGR. During the year, several observations of the groups implemented as a complement to the survey responses. Findings The result so far has shown how groups evolve differently over time and with the support of the two different measurement tools, it provides a good basis for group development. The groups have come into different phases of a group which has impacted on how they act in the group and effectiveness has been affected. The results also demonstrate that it seems not enough to use one measurement method to achieve a good picture of the group development. Research Limitation/implication Although efforts to maintain each group intact, it has been impossible when students have stopped or changed program. All changes in the groups have been attempted to be made with minimal impact on as few groups as possible. Originality/Value We can right now see the use of only one measurement is not enough to determine a group’s development. The result demonstrates that it is possible to note how different groups develop and how it is visible in the result.
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