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Lerner, Mitchell B.,Matsunaga, Felipe,Han, Gang Hee,Hong, Sung Ju,Xi, Jin,Crook, Alexander,Perez-Aguilar, Jose Manuel,Park, Yung Woo,Saven, Jeffery G.,Liu, Renyu,Johnson, A. T. Charlie American Chemical Society 2014 NANO LETTERS Vol.14 No.5
<P/><P>We have developed a novel, all-electronic biosensor for opioids that consists of an engineered μ-opioid receptor protein, with high binding affinity for opioids, chemically bonded to a graphene field-effect transistor to read out ligand binding. A variant of the receptor protein that provided chemical recognition was computationally redesigned to enhance its solubility and stability in an aqueous environment. A shadow mask process was developed to fabricate arrays of hundreds of graphene transistors with average mobility of ∼1500 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP> and yield exceeding 98%. The biosensor exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity for the target naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist, with a detection limit of 10 pg/mL.</P>
The Domestic Origins of the Second Korean War: New Evidence from Communist Bloc Archives
( Mitchell Lerner ) 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2018 Seoul journal of Korean studies Vol.31 No.1
In the late 1960s, the Korean Peninsula suddenly exploded with a violence not seen since the end of the Korean War, driven by a sudden wave of North Korea aggression that culminated in January 1968 with the attempted assassination of Park Chung Hee and the capture of the USS Pueblo. For decades, scholars have struggled to understand this crisis, as they lacked access to materials that could open a window into DPRK policy. Only now, with the recent release of new materials collected from the archives of the Communist bloc nations, can we begin to understand the critical events of the Second Korean War and the larger environment that surrounded it. This paper integrates the most recent materials from former Communist bloc states to revisit our understanding of this dangerous situation, and to suggest that it was driven above all else by domestic political and economic circumstances inside North Korea.