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Intelligent navigation of the fetal heart: complexity made simple
( Lami Yeo ) 대한산부인과학회 2017 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.103 No.-
Congenital heart disease is the leading organ-specific birth defect, and is also the leading cause of infant mortality from congenital malformations. Up to 90% of cases of cardiac defects occur in pregnancies without high-risk features. Therefore, a comprehensive screening examination of the fetal heart should be done in all pregnant women to maximize the detection of congenital heart disease. However, studies report low sensitivity for detecting cardiac defects, and this is attributed mainly to operator expertise and experience. Other factors include the complex anatomy of the fetal heart, its motion, and small size. The lack of prenatal identification of congenital heart defects can have adverse neonatal consequences, while the prenatal diagnosis of specific cardiac anomalies improves the preoperative condition, neurologic outcome, and survival after surgery. A large body of evidence suggests that four-dimensional sonography with spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) can facilitate examination of the fetal heart and can be used to evaluate congenital heart disease. A novel method has recently been reported (known as Fetal Intelligent Navigation Echocardiography or FINE) which automatically generates and displays nine standard fetal echocardiography views in normal hearts by applying “intelligent navigation” technology to STIC volume datasets. This method can reduce operator dependency and simplify examination of the fetal heart. During the lecture, the FINE method along with its features and performance will be reviewed.