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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : ( Kathleen F. Janz ) (검색결과 3 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
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Progress and Challenges in Objectively Measuring Bone-Strengthening Physical Activity
Shelby L. Francis, M.A.,Kathleen F. Janz, Ed.D. 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2016 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.28 No.2
Osteoporosis is characterized by a loss of bone density and strength resulting in increased risk of fracture. One promising method for preventing fractures is participation in bone-strengthening physical activity. While the importance of mechanical loading for bone health is understood, assessment strategies are limited. Most researchers measure metabolic loads rather than mechanical loads, but not all activities that improve metabolic health increase bone strength. The osteogenic properties of physical activity (e.g., magnitude of the load, rate at which the load is applied, dynamic and odd nature of the load, duration of loading session, and breaks between sessions) have not traditionally been directly measured in health outcomes and surveillance research. The lack of research in this area has slowed our understanding of exactly what dose of bone-strengthening physical activity to recommend to the public as well as how to prescribe exercise to reduce the risk of fractures. To understand the influence of mechanical loading on bone adaptation, measurement methods must capture multiple physical activity dimensions (intensity, frequency, and time). Advancements in accelerometer technology now allow for the measurement of these dimensions. It is time that the lessons learned from using accelerometers in cardiometabolic health outcomes research be applied to musculoskeletal health.
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Critical Measurement and Evaluation Issues in Physical Activity and Bone Health of Youth
( Kathleen F. Janz ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1
Purpose: The influence of healthy bone development in youth is likely to be as important to preventing fragility fractures as slowing late adulthood bone loss via pharmaceuticals. In fact, 40% of bone mass is achieved during the 4 years surrounding adolescent peak growth. This is more bone mass gained than lost during late adulthood. By the end of adolescence, for most youth, 95% of total adult bone mass has been achieved. Physical activity is causally associated with bone mass gains during childhood and adolescence. The school setting, particularly physical education, has a central role in assessing and promoting bone-enhancing physical activity. Method: This presentation will review the literature and present original research that addresses how best to measure bone-related physical fitness and prescribe bone-enhancing exercise to ensure healthy bone development in youth. Result: Bone is most responsive to physical activities that are dynamic, moderate-to-high in load magnitude, short in load duration, non-repetitive in load direction, and applied quickly. The load magnitude is produced by impact with the ground (tumbling, jumping), impact with an object (racquet sports), or muscle power moves such as the lift phase in jumping and vaulting. On the other hand, due to desensitization of the bone cells (osteocytes), static loads and repetitive low-magnitude loads are not osteogenic. The best type of exercise for bone health appears to be jumping, a gross motor skill that mechanically loads the clinically important site of the hip via muscle loading during takeoff and via impact loading during landing. Intervention studies suggest 100 loads (jumps) per session and 3 d/wk are reasonable for a bone-enhancing effect. In general about 7 months of intervention (one school year) are needed to detect change in bone mass and structure. Conclusion: Optimal bone health is a key reason for promoting physical activity. Since bone mass and structure track through childhood, adolescence, and (at least) young adulthood, improving bone strength early in life may have sustained effects on bone health. Physical education for bone health should begin during childhood when bone appears most sensitive to the effects of physical activity and provide skills and supportive environments to ensure continued physical activity with age.
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Progress and Challenges in Objectively Measuring Bone-Strengthening Physical Activity
( Shelby L. Francis ),( Kathleen F. Janz ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2016 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.28 No.2
Osteoporosis is characterized by a loss of bone density and strength resulting in increased risk of fracture. One promising method for preventing fractures is participation in bone-strengthening physical activity. While the importance of mechanical loading for bone health is understood, assessment strategies are limited. Most researchers measure metabolic loads rather than mechanical loads, but not all activities that improve metabolic health increase bone strength. The osteogenic properties of physical activity (e.g., magnitude of the load, rate at which the load is applied, dynamic and odd nature of the load, duration of loading session, and breaks between sessions) have not traditionally been directly measured in health outcomes and surveillance research. The lack of research in this area has slowed our understanding of exactly what dose of bone-strengthening physical activity to recommend to the public as well as how to prescribe exercise to reduce the risk of fractures. To understand the influence of mechanical loading on bone adaptation, measurement methods must capture multiple physical activity dimensions (intensity, frequency, and time). Advancements in accelerometer technology now allow for the measurement of these dimensions. It is time that the lessons learned from using accelerometers in cardiometabolic health outcomes research be applied to musculoskeletal health.
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