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The Effect of Tripeptide-Copper Complex on Human Hair Growth In Vitro
Pyo, Hyun-Keol,Yoo, Hyeon-Gyeong,Won, Chong-Hyun,Lee, Seung-Ho,Kang, Yong-Jung,Eun, Hee-Chul,Cho, Kwang-Hyun,Kim, Kyu-Han 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.7
The tripeptide-copper complex, described as a growth factor for various kinds of differentiated cells, stimulates the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts and elevates the production of vascular endothelial growth factor, but decreased the secretion of transforming growth $factor-{\beta}1$ by dermal fibroblasts. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are specialized fibroblasts, which are important in the morphogenesis and growth of hair follicles. In the present study, the effects of L-alanyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-$Cu^{2+}$(AHK-Cu) on human hair growth ex vivo and cultured dermal papilla cells were evaluated. AHK-Cu ($10^{-12}{\sim}10^{-9}$) stimulated the elongation of human hair follicles ex vivo and the proliferation of DPCs in vitro. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide labeling and flow cytometric analysis showed that $10^{-9}$M AHK-Cu reduced the number of apoptotic DPCs, but this decrease was not statistically significant. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was elevated, and the levels of the cleaved forms of caspase-3 and PARP were reduced by treatment with $10^{-9}$M AHK-Cu. The present study proposed that AHK-Cu promotes the growth of human hair follicles, and this stimulatory effect may occur due to stimulation of the proliferation and the preclusion of the apoptosis of DPCs.
The Effect of Tripeptide-Copper Complex on Human Hair Growth In Vitro
Hyun Keol Pyo,유현경,Chong Hyun Won,이승호,Yong Jung Kang,은희철,조광현,김규한 대한약학회 2007 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.30 No.7
The tripeptide-copper complex, described as a growth factor for various kinds of differentiated cells, stimulates the proliferation of dermal fibroblasts and elevates the production of vascular endothelial growth factor, but decreased the secretion of transforming growth factor-β1 by dermal fibroblasts. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are specialized fibroblasts, which are important in the morphogenesis and growth of hair follicles. In the present study, the effects of L-alanyl-Lhistidyl- L-lysine-Cu2+ (AHK-Cu) on human hair growth ex vivo and cultured dermal papilla cells were evaluated. AHK-Cu (10-12~10-9 M) stimulated the elongation of human hair follicles ex vivo and the proliferation of DPCs in vitro. Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide labeling and flow cytometric analysis showed that 10-9 M AHK-Cu reduced the number of apoptotic DPCs, but this decrease was not statistically significant. The ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was elevated, and the levels of the cleaved forms of caspase-3 and PARP were reduced by treatment with 10-9 M AHK-Cu. The present study proposed that AHK-Cu promotes the growth of human hair follicles, and this stimulatory effect may occur due to stimulation of the proliferation and the preclusion of the apoptosis of DPCs.
권오상,Hyun Keol Pyo,Youn Jin Oh,Ji Hyun Han,이세라,정진호,은희철,김규한 대한의학회 2007 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.22 No.2
Minoxidil induces hair growth in male pattern baldness and prolongs the anagen phase. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been reported to act synergistically with minoxidil in vivo: they can enhance more dense hair regrowth than either compound alone. We evaluated the effect of minoxidil combined with ATRA on hair growth in vitro. The effect of co-treatment of minoxidil and ATRA on hair growth was studied in hair follicle organ culture. In cultured human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and normal human epidermal keratinocytes, the expressions of Erk, Akt, Bcl-2, Bax, P53 and P21 were evaluated by immunoblot analysis. Minoxidil plus ATRA additively promoted hair growth in vitro, compared with minoxidil alone. In addition, minoxidil plus ATRA elevated phosphorylated Erk, phosphorylated Akt and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, but decreased the expressions of P53 and P21 more effectively than by minoxidil alone. Our results suggest that minoxidil plus ATRA would additively enhance hair growth by mediating dual functions: 1) the prolongation of cell survival by activating the Erk and Akt signaling pathways, and 2) the prevention of apoptosis of DPCs and epithelial cells by increasing the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and downregulating the expressions of P53 and P21.
The Additive Effects of Minoxidil and Retinol on Human Hair Growth <i>in Vitro</i>
Yoo, Hyeon Gyeong,Chang, In-Young,Pyo, Hyun Keol,Kang, Yong Jung,Lee, Seung Ho,Kwon, Oh Sang,Cho, Kwang Hyun,Eun, Hee Chul,Kim, Kyu Han Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2007 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.30 No.1
<P>Minoxidil enhances hair growth by prolonging the anagen phase and induces new hair growth in androgenetic alopecia (AGA), whereas retinol significantly improves scalp skin condition and promotes hair growth. We investigated the combined effects of minoxidil and retinol on human hair growth <I>in vitro</I> and on cultured human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) and epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT). The combination of minoxidil and retinol additively promoted hair growth in hair follicle organ cultures. In addition, minoxidil plus retinol more effectively elevated phosphorylated Erk, phosphorylated Akt levels, and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio than minoxidil alone in DPCs and HaCaT. We found that the significant hair shaft elongation demonstrated after minoxidil plus retinol treatment would depend on the dual kinetics associated with the activations of Erk- and Akt-dependent pathways and the prevention of apoptosis by increasing the Bcl-2/Bax ratio.</P>
Perifollicular Fibrosis: Pathogenetic Role in Androgenetic Alopecia
Yoo, Hyeon Gyeong,Kim, Jin Sook,Lee, Se Rah,Pyo, Hyun Keol,Moon, Hyung In,Lee, Jong Hee,Kwon, Oh Sang,Chung, Jin Ho,Kim, Kyu Han,Eun, Hee Chul,Cho, Kwang Hyun Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2006 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.29 No.6
<P>Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-mediated process, characterized by continuous miniaturization of androgen reactive hair follicles and accompanied by perifollicular fibrosis of follicular units in histological examination. Testosterone (T: 10<SUP>−9</SUP>—10<SUP>−7</SUP> <SMALL>M</SMALL>) treatment increased the expression of type I procollagen at mRNA and protein level. Pretreatment of finasteride (10<SUP>−8</SUP> <SMALL>M</SMALL>) inhibited the T-induced type I procollagen expression at mRNA (40.2%) and protein levels (24.9%). T treatment increased the expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) at protein levels by 81.9% in the human scalp dermal fibroblasts (DFs). Pretreatment of finasteride decreased the expression of TGF-β1 protein induced by an average of T (30.4%). The type I procollagen expression after pretreatment of neutralizing TGF-β1 antibody (10 μg/ml) was inhibited by an average of 54.3%. Our findings suggest that T-induced TGF-β1 and type I procollagen expression may contribute to the development of perifollicular fibrosis in the AGA, and the inhibitory effects on T-induced procollagen and TGF-β1 expression may explain another possible mechanism how finasteride works in AGA.</P>
Synergistic Effect of Minoxidil and Retinol on Hair Growth in Human Dermal Papilla Cells
( Hyeon Gyeong Yoo ),( In Young Chang ),( Se Rah Lee ),( Soon Jin Choi ),( Hyun Keol Pyo ),( Ji Yun Kim ),( Oh Sang Kwon ),( Jin Ho Chung ),( Kwang Hyun Cho ),( Hee Chul Eun ),( Kyu Han Kim ) 대한피부과학회 2005 초록집 Vol.43 No.20