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Differential Diagnosis of Human Sparganosis Using Multiplex PCR
Hyeong-Kyu Jeon,Kyu-Heon Kim,Woon-Mok Sohn,Keeseon S. Eom 대한기생충학열대의학회 2018 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.56 No.3
Human sparganosis was diagnosed by morphological and genetic analyses in Korea. The complete mitochondrial genomes of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens isolated in Korea have been recorded. Present study was performed to provide information to diagnose the etiologic agent of sparganosis by multiplex PCR using mitochondrial genome sequences of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens. In an effort to examine the differential diagnosis of spirometrid tapeworms, multiplex PCR assays were performed on plerocercoid larvae of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens. The PCR products obtained using species-specific primers were positively detected in all PCR assays on mixture of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens DNA. S. erinaceieuropaei-specific bands (239 bp and 401 bp) were obtained from all PCR assays using a mixture of S. erinaceieuropaei-specific primers (Se/Sd-1800F and Se-2018R; Se/Sd-7955F and Se-8356R) and S. erinaceieuropaei template DNA. S. decipiens-specific bands (540 bp and 644 bp) were also detected in all PCR assays containing mixtures of S. decipiens-specific primers (Se/Sd-1800F and Sd-2317R; Se/Sd-7955F and Sd-8567R) and S. decipiens template DNA. Sequence analyses on these species-specific bands revealed 100% sequence identity with homologous regions of the mtDNA sequences of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens. The multiplex PCR assay was useful for differential diagnosis of human sparganosis by detecting different sizes in species-specific bands.
Hyeong Seok Kim, M.D.,Youngmin Han, M.S.,Jae Seung Kang, M.D.,Doo-ho Lee, M.D.,Jae Ri Kim, M.D., M.S.,Wooil Kwon, M.D., Ph.D.,Sun-Whe Kim, M.D., Ph.D.,Jin-Young Jang, M.D., Ph.D. 대한내시경복강경외과학회 2018 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery Vol.21 No.4
Purpose: Robotic-associated minimally invasive surgery is a novel method for overcoming some limitations of laparoscopic surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes (postoperative pain, cosmesis, surgeon’s workload) of single-incision robotic cholecystectomy (SIRC) vs. single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) vs. conventional three-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy (3PLC). Methods: 134 patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic cholecystectomy at a single center during 2016~2017 were enrolled. Prospectively collected data included demographics, operative outcomes, questionnaire regarding pain and cosmesis, and NASA-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) scores for surgeon’s workload. Results: 55 patients underwent SIRC, 29 SILC, and 50 3PLC during the same period. 3PLC patient group was older than the others (SIRC vs. SILC vs. 3PLC: 48.1 vs. 42.2 vs. 54.1 years, p<0.001). Operative time was shortest with 3PLC (44.1 vs. 38.8 vs. 25.4 min, p<0.001). Estimated blood loss, postoperative complications, and postoperative stay were similar among the groups. Pain control was lowest in the 3PLC group (98.2% vs. 100% vs. 84.0%, p=0.004), however, at 2 weeks postoperatively there were no differences among the groups (p=0.374). Cosmesis scores were also worst after 3PLC (17.5 vs. 18.4 vs. 13.3, p<0.001). NASA-TLX score was highest in the SILC group (21.9 vs. 44.3 vs. 25.2, p<0.001). Conclusion: Although SIRC and SILC take longer than 3PLC, they produce superior cosmetic outcomes. Compared with SILC, SIRC is more ergonomic, lowering the surgeon’s workload. Despite of higher cost, SIRC could be an alternative for treating gallbladder disease in selected patients.
Harvesting electrical energy from carbon nanotube yarn twist
Kim, Shi Hyeong,Haines, Carter S.,Li, Na,Kim, Keon Jung,Mun, Tae Jin,Choi, Changsoon,Di, Jiangtao,Oh, Young Jun,Oviedo, Juan Pablo,Bykova, Julia,Fang, Shaoli,Jiang, Nan,Liu, Zunfeng,Wang, Run,Kumar, P American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2017 Science Vol.357 No.6353
<P>Mechanical energy harvesters are needed for diverse applications, including self-powered wireless sensors, structural and human health monitoring systems, and the extraction of energy from ocean waves. We report carbon nanotube yarn harvesters that electrochemically convert tensile or torsional mechanical energy into electrical energy without requiring an external bias voltage. Stretching coiled yarns generated 250 watts per kilogram of peak electrical power when cycled up to 30 hertz, as well as up to 41.2 joules per kilogram of electrical energy per mechanical cycle, when normalized to harvester yarn weight. These energy harvesters were used in the ocean to harvest wave energy, combined with thermally driven artificial muscles to convert temperature fluctuations to electrical energy, sewn into textiles for use as self-powered respiration sensors, and used to power a light-emitting diode and to charge a storage capacitor.</P>
Kim, Hee-Jeong,Cho, Sung-Hwan,Park, Jong-Sook,Lee, Tae-Hyeong,Lee, Eun-Ju,Kim, Yong-Hoon,Uh, Soo-Taek,Chung, Il Yup,Kim, Mi-Kyeong,Choi, Inseon S,Park, Byung-Lae,Shin, Hyoung-Doo,Park, Choon-Sik Springer-Verlag 2012 Journal of human genetics Vol.57 No.4
<P>Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory diseases (AERD) are associated with the metabolism of arachidonic acid. FPR2 (formyl peptide receptor2) is a high-affinity ligand receptor for potent anti-inflammatory lipid metabolites: lipoxins. Thus, functional alterations of the FPR2 may contribute to AERD. We investigated the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the FPR2 and AERD. Asthmatics were categorized into AERD <15% decreases in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)), and/or naso-ocular reactions after oral aspirin challenge (n=170) and aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA, n=268). In all, 11 SNPs were genotyped. FPR2 protein expressions on CD14-positive monocytes in peripheral blood were measured using flow cytometric analysis. We performed RT-PCR of the FPR2 mRNA expressed by peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Logistic regression analysis showed that the minor allele frequency of FPR2 -4209T>G (rs1769490) in intron 2 was significantly lower in the AERD group (n=170) than in the ATA group (n=268) (P=0.006, P(corr)=0.04, recessive model). The decline of FEV(1) after aspirin challenge was significantly lower in the subjects with GG homozygotes of FPR2 -4209T>G than those with the other genotypes (P=0.0002). Asthmatic homozygotes for FPR2 -4209T>G minor allele exhibited significantly higher FPR2 protein expression in CD14-positive monocytes than did those with the common allele of FPR2 -4209T>G allele (P=0.01). There was no difference in the expression of the wild form and the exon 2 deleted variant form of FPR2 gene according to the genotypes of FPR2 -4209T>G. The minor allele at FPR2 -4209T>G may have a protective role against the development of AERD, via increase of FPR2 protein expression in inflammatory cells.</P>
ELiSyR: Efficient, Lightweight and Sybil-Resilient File Search in P2P Networks
( Hyeong S. Kim ),( Eunjin(ej) Jung ),( Heon Y. Yeom ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2010 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.4 No.6
Peer-to-peer (P2P) networks consume the most bandwidth in the current Internet and file sharing accounts for the majority of the P2P traffic. Thus it is important for a P2P file sharing application to be efficient in bandwidth consumption. Bandwidth consumption as much as downloaded file sizes is inevitable, but those in file search and bad downloads, e.g. wrong, corrupted, or malicious file downloads, are overheads. In this paper, we target to reduce these overheads even in the presence of high volume of malicious users and their bad files. Sybil attacks are the example of such hostile environment. Sybil attacker creates a large number of identities (Sybil nodes) and unfairly influences the system. When a large portion of the system is subverted, either in terms of the number of users or the number of files shared in the system, the overheads due to the bad downloads rapidly increase. We propose ELiSyR, a file search protocol that can tolerate such a hostile environment. ELiSyR uses social networks for P2P file search and finds benign files in 71% of searches even when more than half of the users are malicious. Furthermore, ELiSyR provides similar success with less bandwidth than other general efforts against Sybil attacks. We compare our algorithm to SybilGuard, SybilLimit and EigenTrust in terms of bandwidth consumption and the likelihood of bad downloads. Our algorithm shows lower bandwidth consumption, similar chances of bad downloads and fairer distribution of computation loads than these general efforts. In return, our algorithm takes more rounds of search than them. However the time required for search is usually much less than the time required for downloads, so the delay in search is justifiable compared to the cost of bad downloads and subsequent re-search and downloads.
Size-dependent conformational change in halogen–π interaction: from benzene to graphene
Kim, Dong Yeon,Madridejos, Jenica Marie L.,Ha, Miran,Kim, Jun-Hyeong,Yang, David ChangMo,Baig, Chunggi,Kim, Kwang S. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Chemical communications Vol.53 No.45
<P>Diatomic halogen molecules X-2 (X = Cl/Br) favor the edge-to-face conformation on benzene with significant electrostatic interaction via halogen bonding. In contrast, they favor the stacked conformation on graphene with negligible electrostatic interaction. As the aromatic ring expands, the inner facial side becomes almost electrostatically neutral. On coronene, the two conformations are compatible.</P>
Mosaic-like Monolayer of Graphene Oxide Sheets Decorated with Tetrabutylammonium Ions
Kim, Jung Woo,Kang, Dongwoo,Kim, Tae Hyeong,Lee, Sung Guk,Byun, Nami,Lee, Dong Wook,Seo, Byung Hwa,Ruoff, Rodney S.,Shin, Hyeon Suk American Chemical Society 2013 ACS NANO Vol.7 No.9
<P>We report the fabrication of mosaic-like monolayers of graphene oxide (G-O) coated with tetrabutylammonium ions (TBA) using a simple spin-coating method. The TBA-coated G-O (TG-O) sheets were prepared by “spontaneous exfoliation” of graphite oxide intercalated with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) in the wet state, without the need for sonication. Mosaic-like monolayers could be formed on a variety of substrates such as Si wafer (coated with the thin native oxide), SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si wafer, graphene grown by chemical vapor deposition and then transferred on SiO<SUB>2</SUB>/Si wafer, Au film on Si wafer, and Cu foil. The mosaic-like monolayer of TG-O was compared with monolayers of G-O and TG-O prepared using a Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) trough. The formation of the mosaic-like TG-O monolayer films was attributed to (1) weakening of the electrostatic repulsion between G-O sheets by TBA, and (2) prevention of the overlap and stacking of TG-O sheets by disruption of the hydrogen bonding between the basal plane of one sheet and the basal plane or edge of another, by adsorbed TBA. External reflection FTIR spectroscopy showed that spectral features of the mosaic-like monolayer of TG-O made by simple spin-coating were the same as those for the monolayer fabricated using the LB assembly, indicating the same spatial orientations of functional groups. This study provides a very simple route to a complete monolayer of G-O without the need for an LB trough.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2013/ancac3.2013.7.issue-9/nn403363s/production/images/medium/nn-2013-03363s_0007.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn403363s'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>