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Measures Against Counterfeit in Japan
( Hitoshi Sakata ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2017 一鑑法學 Vol.0 No.37
자료가 보여주는 것을 토대로, 일본의 현행 위조관련 법률문제의 초점을 맞출 수 있다. 예를 들면, 첫 번째로 일본 정부 기관이 보고 하는 사례의 수가 약간 줄어들었고, 두 번째로 위조 사례가 주로 중국에서 기인 한 상표권 침해 물품으로, 개인 의류 및 전자 제품에 집중되었다. 그리고 세 번째 문제는 인터넷 서비스 제공자를 통한 침해 영역 확대에 대응하기 위해 일본의 위조 관련 법률을 개정할 필요성의 증대이다. 이러한 점을 해소하기 위해서는, 보다 효과적인 법적 조정이 필요하며 아시아 국가들과의 긴밀한 유대 관계가 반드시 필요하다. On the basis of the data shown, we can focus on some problems in current counterfeit laws in Japan, such as: at first, a little drops in number of cases reported by government bodies in Japan, secondly, the concentration of counterfeit cases lies in personal apparels and electronics goods, those are mostly trademark right infringements goods, and originating mainly from China, and as the third problems, the necessary revision of Japanese counterfeit laws to deal with expanding area of infringement through Internet Service Providers. In order to resolve these points, we feel more effective legal adjustment may be necessary, and strong ties with Asia countries will be indispensable.
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Hitoshi Kameyama,Yoshifumi Hashimoto,Yoshifumi Shimada,Saki Yamada,Ryoma Yagi,Yosuke Tajima,Takuma Okamura,Masato Nakano,Kohei Miura,Masayuki Nagahashi,Jun Sakata,Takashi Kobayashi,Shin-ichi Kosugi,To 대한대장항문학회 2018 Annals of Coloproctolgy Vol.34 No.2
Purpose: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) remains a common complication after pelvic or abdominal surgery. However, the risk factors for SBO in ulcerative colitis (UC) surgery are not well known. The aim of the present study was to clarify the risk factors associated with SBO after ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) with a loop ileostomy for patients with UC. Methods: The medical records of 96 patients who underwent IPAA for UC between 1999 and 2011 were reviewed. SBO was confirmed based on the presence of clinical symptoms and radiographic findings. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the SBO group and the non-SBO group. We also analyzed the relationship between SBO and computed tomography (CT) scan image parameters. Results: The study included 49 male and 47 female patients. The median age was 35.5 years (range, 14–72 years). We performed a 2- or 3-stage procedure as a total proctocolectomy and IPAA for patients with UC. SBO in the pretakedown of the loop ileostomy after IPAA occurred in 22 patients (22.9%). Moreover, surgical intervention for SBO was required for 11 patients. In brief, closure of the loop ileostomy was performed earlier than expected. A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the 2-stage procedure (odds ratio, 2.850; 95% confidence interval, 1.009–8.044; P = 0.048) was a significant independent risk factor associated with SBO. CT scan image parameters were not significant risk factors of SBO. Conclusion: The present study suggests that a 2-stage procedure is a significant risk factor associated with SBO after IPAA in patients with UC.
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