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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : ( Dragos Ciocan ) (검색결과 3 건)
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Different Intestinal Microbiota Profile in Alcoholic Pancreatitis as Compared to Alcoholic Hepatitis
( Dragos Ciocan ),( Vinciane Rebours ),( Anne-marie Cassard ),( Laura Wrzosek ),( Cosmin Sebastian Voican ),( Virginie Puchois ),( Philippe Levy ),( Gabriel Perlemuter ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Chronic excessive alcohol consumption may cause alcoholic liver disease (ALD) or alcoholic pancreatitis (AP) in only a subset of patients. We have shown that individual susceptibility to ALD is substantially driven by intestinal microbiota (IM). However, factors related to tissue predilection (liver or pancreas) to alcohol toxicity are unknown. We aimed to characterize the IM profile in alcoholic patients according to the presence and the nature of the complication ie severe alcoholic hepatitis (sAH) or AP. Methods: Eighty-two alcoholic patients were included into 3 groups according to their complications: AP (N=24), sAH (N=13) and no complication despite a similar amount of alcohol consumption (alcoholic controls, N=45). IM was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S Ribosomal RNA (16S RNA) gene. Results: Patients with AP had a reduced bacterial diversity (p=0.001) and a different global microbial composition as compared to alcoholic controls (p=0.001). 17 taxa at the genus level were different between the 2 groups; among them, 8 were increased in AP (Klebsiella, Enterococcus, Aquabacterium and Sphingomonas). When compared to sAH there was no difference in bacterial diversity between the 2 groups. However, 16 taxa were increased in sAH and 10 in AP. After adjusting for confounding factors (age, sex, BMI, alcohol intake, diabetes and proton-pump inhibitors) there was a marked increase in Haemophilus in sAH patients. Conclusions: Patients with AP have a specific dysbiosis as compared to alcoholic controls. Specific microbiome signatures are associated with AP and sAH.
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Bile Acids and Intestinal Dysbiosis in Alcoholic Hepatitis
( Dragos Ciocan ),( Cosmin Sebastian Voican ),( Laura Wrzosek ),( Cindy Hugot ),( Gabriel Perlemuter ),( Anne-marie Cassard ) 대한간학회 2017 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2017 No.1
Aims: Alcoholic liver disease is associated with dysbiosis, impaired gut barrier and inflammation. Intestinal microbiota (IM) plays an important role in bile acids (BA) homeostasis and impact the gut barrier and promotes inflammation. The aim of our study was to study the structure of the IM and its function in BA homeostasis in alcoholic patients according to the severity of alcoholic liver disease. Methods: We included in a prospective study 4 groups of active alcoholic patients (N=97): two non-cirrhotic (nc) without or with alcoholic hepatitis (AH) (noAHnc, N=54 or AHnc N=14, respectively) and two cirrhotic groups without or with AH (noAHc, N=16 or sAHc, N=13, respectively). Serum and fecal BA profiles, as well as IM composition, using high-throughput 16s sequencing, were assessed. Results: In sAHc patients compared to noAHc patients, there was an increase in serum total BA, primary BA (total CA and total CDCA), conjugated BA and tauro-glycoconjugated ratio and a decrease in the UDCA/total BA and secondary/primary ratio. In feces, there was a decrease in total BA and an increase in secondary BA (total LCA and DCA). These 2 groups had a different IM structure. At the phyla level, there was an increase in Actinobacteria and a decrease in Bacteroidetes; 7 genera were increased and 4 were decreased. Moreover, in sAHc patients compared to noAHc patients, there was an increase in 4 and a decrease in 11 metabolic pathways (eg increase in glutathion and nucleotid metabolism, phosphotransferase system). In AHnc patients as compared to noAHnc, there was an increase in serum total conjugated BA. The IM of AHnc patients was characterized by an increase in Wolbachia and Dorea as compared to noAHnc. Conclusions: Disruption of BA homeostasis associated with alcoholic hepatitis is correlated to a specific IM signature that may lead to liver disease progression.
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Microbiota, a key player in alcoholic liver disease
Anne-Marie Cassard,Dragos Ciocan 대한간학회 2018 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.24 No.2
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Only 20% of heavy alcohol consumers develop alcoholic liver cirrhosis. The intestinal microbiota (IM) has been recently identified as a key player in the severity of liver injury in ALD. Common features of ALD include a decrease of gut epithelial tight junction protein expression, mucin production, and antimicrobial peptide levels. This disruption of the gut barrier, which is a prerequisite for ALD, leads to the passage of bacterial products into the blood stream (endotoxemia). Moreover, metabolites produced by bacteria, such as short chain fatty acids, volatile organic compounds (VOS), and bile acids (BA), are involved in ALD pathology. Probiotic treatment, IM transplantation, or the consumption of dietary fiber, such as pectin, which all alter the ratio of bacterial species, have been shown to improve liver injury in animal models of ALD and to be associated with an improvement in gut barrier function. Although the connections between the microbiota and the host in ALD are well established, the underlying mechanisms are still an active area of research. Targeting the microbiome through the use of prebiotic, probiotic, and postbiotic modalities could be an attractive new approach to manage ALD.
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