Parent-adolescent Discrepancies Regarding Adolescent Psychopathology and its Relation to Parental Characteristics in a Clinical Sample

Yuh, Jongil,Weihs, Karen,Reiss, David The Korean Home Economics Association 2013 International Journal of Human Ecology Vol.14 No.2

This study investigated the differences between adolescents' own perceptions of their psychopathology and perceptions by clinically depressed parents of their adolescents' psychopathology. The study also examined parental characteristics that accounted for discrepancies between parents and adolescents. The clinical sample consisted of 61 adolescents and their parents who were diagnosed with a major depressive disorder. The adolescents and parents evaluated the adolescents' psychopathology in separate interviews with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self-Report (YSR). Parents reported on current depressive symptoms and parenting practices using questionnaires. The results revealed that parent-adolescent discrepancies were greater in regard to affective and anxiety problems compared to oppositional defiant and conduct problems. Parental rejection was associated with differences in scores for affective problems after controlling for parents' current depressive symptoms and adolescents' age and gender. The findings highlight the importance of considering adolescents' affective and anxiety problems when treating depressed parents. Furthermore, the findings suggest that parental rejection may play a pivotal role when interpreting the discrepancy concerning adolescents' affective problems.

Parental Depression, Family Environments, and Adolescents’ Internalizing and Externalizing Symptoms in a Clinical Sample

여종일,Karen Weihs,DAVID REISS 한국청소년학회 2014 청소년학연구 Vol.21 No.10

This study investigated family relationship, parenting behaviors, and adolescents’ adjustment to families with depressed parents. Fifty-eight adolescents completed questionnaires measuring family relationship quality as well as internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Parents reported current depressive symptoms and their parenting behaviors. Results revealed that adolescent-reported family relationship quality was associated with adolescents’ internalizing and externalizing symptoms when controlling parental current depressive symptoms. Lower levels of parent-reported acceptance were associated with adolescents’ externalizing symptoms. These preliminary findings highlight the need to understand the family environments of adolescents with depressed parents and the importance of enhancing family cohesion and parental acceptance while treating depressed parents. Implications, limitations, and recommendations for future research are discussed.

CHILD DEVELOPMENT : Parent-adolescent Discrepancies Regarding Adolescent Psychopathology and its Relation to Parental Characteristics in a Clinical Sample

( Jongil Yuh ),( Karen Weihs ),( David Reiss ) 대한가정학회 2013 International Journal of Human Ecology Vol.14 No.2

This study investigated the differences between adolescents` own perceptions of their psychopathology and perceptions by clinically depressed parents of their adolescents` psychopathology. The study also examined parental characteristics that accounted for discrepancies between parents and adolescents. The clinical sample consisted of 61 adolescents and their parents who were diagnosed with a major depressive disorder. The adolescents and parents evaluated the adolescents` psychopathology in separate interviews with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self- Report (YSR). Parents reported on current depressive symptoms and parenting practices using questionnaires. The results revealed that parent-adolescent discrepancies were greater in regard to affective and anxiety problems compared to oppositional defiant and conduct problems. Parental rejection was associated with differences in scores for affective problems after controlling for parents` current depressive symptoms and adolescents` age and gender. The findings highlight the importance of considering adolescents` affective and anxiety problems when treating depressed parents. Furthermore, the findings suggest that parental rejection may play a pivotal role when interpreting the discrepancy concerning adolescents` affective problems.

Child Development : Genetic and Environmental Influences on Dispositional Optimism and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence

( Jong Il Yuh ),( Jenae M. Neiderhiser ),( David Reiss ) 대한가정학회 2010 International Journal of Human Ecology Vol.11 No.2

This study explored genetic and environmental contributions to optimism, depressive symptoms, and the association between the two using a genetically informative sample from the Nonshared Environment and Adolescent Development project (NEAD: D. Reiss; J. M. Neiderhiser; E. M. Hetherington; & R. Plomin, 2000)+. At Time 1 of the longitudinal NEAD study, the sample consisted of 720 same-sex twins and sibling pairs from two parent families. The study used parent, adolescent, and observer ratings of depressive symptoms as well as adolescent ratings of optimism. The results revealed that genetic influences explained approximately half of the variability in optimism and depressive symptoms. Nonshared environmental influences also substantially contributed to optimism and depressive symptoms. Bivariate genetic analyses (which partitioned the covariance between optimism and depressive symptoms into genetic and environmental components) indicated that genetic influences accounted for a moderate percentage of the association.

A systems level predictive model for global gene regulation of methanogenesis in a hydrogenotrophic methanogen

Yoon, Sung Ho,Turkarslan, Serdar,Reiss, David J.,Pan, Min,Burn, June A.,Costa, Kyle C.,Lie, Thomas J.,Slagel, Joseph,Moritz, Robert L.,Hackett, Murray,Leigh, John A.,Baliga, Nitin S. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2013 Genome research Vol.23 No.11

<P>Methanogens catalyze the critical methane-producing step (called methanogenesis) in the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter. Here, we present the first predictive model of global gene regulation of methanogenesis in a hydrogenotrophic methanogen, <I>Methanococcus maripaludis</I>. We generated a comprehensive list of genes (protein-coding and noncoding) for <I>M. maripaludis</I> through integrated analysis of the transcriptome structure and a newly constructed Peptide Atlas. The environment and gene-regulatory influence network (EGRIN) model of the strain was constructed from a compendium of transcriptome data that was collected over 58 different steady-state and time-course experiments that were performed in chemostats or batch cultures under a spectrum of environmental perturbations that modulated methanogenesis. Analyses of the EGRIN model have revealed novel components of methanogenesis that included at least three additional protein-coding genes of previously unknown function as well as one noncoding RNA. We discovered that at least five regulatory mechanisms act in a combinatorial scheme to intercoordinate key steps of methanogenesis with different processes such as motility, ATP biosynthesis, and carbon assimilation. Through a combination of genetic and environmental perturbation experiments we have validated the EGRIN-predicted role of two novel transcription factors in the regulation of phosphate-dependent repression of formate dehydrogenase—a key enzyme in the methanogenesis pathway. The EGRIN model demonstrates regulatory affiliations within methanogenesis as well as between methanogenesis and other cellular functions.</P>

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Dispositional Optimism and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence

Yuh, Jong-Il,Neiderhiser, Jenae M.,Reiss, David The Korean Home Economics Association 2010 International Journal of Human Ecology Vol.11 No.2

This study explored genetic and environmental contributions to optimism, depressive symptoms, and the association between the two using a genetically informative sample from the Nonshared Environment and Adolescent Development project (NEAD: D. Reiss; J. M. Neiderhiser; E. M. Hetherington; & R. Plomin, 2000. At Time 1 of the longitudinal NEAD study, the sample consisted of 720 samesex twins and sibling pairs from two parent families. The study used parent, adolescent, and observer ratings of depressive symptoms as well as adolescent ratings of optimism. The results revealed that genetic influences explained approximately half of the variability in optimism and depressive symptoms. Nonshared environmental influences also substantially contributed to optimism and depressive symptoms. Bivariate genetic analyses (which partitioned the covariance between optimism and depressive symptoms into genetic and environmental components) indicated that genetic influences accounted for a moderate percentage of the association.