Simultaneous achievement of equiaxed grain structure and weak texture in pure titanium via selective laser melting and subsequent heat treatment

Li, Cheng-Lin,Won, Jong Woo,Choi, Seong-Woo,Choe, Jung-Ho,Lee, Sangwon,Park, Chan Hee,Yeom, Jong-Taek,Hong, Jae Keun Elsevier 2019 Journal of alloys and compounds Vol.803 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We used selective laser melting (SLM) to produce a three-dimensional specimen of pure Ti and found that an equiaxed grain structure and weak crystallographic texture could be achieved simultaneously via subsequent heat treatment. These traits have never been attained simultaneously in pure Ti prepared by traditional methods such as casting and rolling. This remarkable achievement was possible because recrystallization occurred during heat treatment without plastic deformation; such deformation introduces stored energy that drives recrystallization but inevitably causes a strong texture to develop. The occurrence of recrystallization was attributed to unique features of the SLM process including a very high cooling rate and repetitive layer stacking. These features generated considerable stored energy by affecting solidification and the <I>β</I> → <I>α</I> phase transformation. Steep in-grain orientation gradients and a fine lath structure also contributed to the activation of recrystallization by facilitating recrystallization nucleation. The heat-treated specimen showed tensile properties with significantly reduced anisotropy. This finding will provide new strategies for developing isotropic metallic materials and may introduce new applications of SLM.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A three-dimensional specimen of pure Ti was produced using selective laser melting. </LI> <LI> Both equiaxed structure and weak texture were achieved by subsequent heat treatment. </LI> <LI> These traits cannot be attained simultaneously by traditional manufacturing methods. </LI> <LI> This desirable ability of SLM originates from unique features of SLM process. </LI> <LI> The heat-treated sample had significantly reduced anisotropy in tensile properties. </LI> </UL> </P>

Deubiquitination and Stabilization of PD-L1 by CSN5

Lim, Seung-Oe,Li, Chia-Wei,Xia, Weiya,Cha, Jong-Ho,Chan, Li-Chuan,Wu, Yun,Chang, Shih-Shin,Lin, Wan-Chi,Hsu, Jung-Mao,Hsu, Yi-Hsin,Kim, Taewan,Chang, Wei-Chao,Hsu, Jennifer L.,Yamaguchi, Hirohito,Ding Elsevier 2016 Cancer cell Vol.30 No.6

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Pro-inflammatory cytokines produced in the tumor microenvironment lead to eradication of anti-tumor immunity and enhanced tumor cell survival. In the current study, we identified tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as a major factor triggering cancer cell immunosuppression against T cell surveillance via stabilization of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). We demonstrated that COP9 signalosome 5 (CSN5), induced by NF-κB p65, is required for TNF-α-mediated PD-L1 stabilization in cancer cells. CSN5 inhibits the ubiquitination and degradation of PD-L1. Inhibition of CSN5 by curcumin diminished cancer cell PD-L1 expression and sensitized cancer cells to anti-CTLA4 therapy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> TNF-α stabilizes cancer cell PD-L1 in response to chronic inflammation </LI> <LI> Activation of NF-κB by TNF-α induces CSN5 expression leading to PD-L1 stabilization </LI> <LI> CSN5 enzyme activity controls T cell suppression via PD-L1 deubiquitination </LI> <LI> Destabilization of PD-L1 by CSN5 inhibitor curcumin benefits anti-CTLA4 therapy </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Microstructural response of β-stabilized Ti–6Al–4V manufactured by direct energy deposition

Narayana, P.L.,Lee, Sangwon,Choi, Seong-Woo,Li, Cheng-Lin,Park, Chan Hee,Yeom, Jong-Taek,Reddy, N.S.,Hong, Jae-Keun Elsevier 2019 Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol.811 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The present study describes the influence of β stabilizers (namely Fe and Cr) on the microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior of Ti–6Al–4V alloy fabricated by direct energy deposition. As the β stabilizer content increases from 1 to 4 wt%, the coarse columnar-grained morphology typical of additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V is significantly refined, with a columnar-to-equiaxed transition. Furthermore, reheating of the deposited layers by the deposition of overlaying layers during fabrication induces an element partitioning effect, resulting in the formation of fine-grained α and isothermal ω. Hence, the heat profile during direct energy deposition resembles conventional solution and aging treatments. In addition, increasing the amount of β stabilizer steadily increases the room temperature strength of the Ti–6Al–4V alloy. The alloy with 4 wt% Fe showed the maximum strength, of ∼1.5 GPa.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The columnar-to-equiaxed transition of microstructure was achieved in the direct energy deposited Ti–6Al–4V alloy with the addition of Fe and Cr. </LI> <LI> The maximum room temperature strength of the Ti–6Al–4V with 4 wt% Fe alloy reaches ∼1.5 GPa. </LI> <LI> The reheating phenomenon caused by deposition of overlying layers during direct energy deposition resembles conventional solution and aging treatments. </LI> <LI> With an increasing amount of β stabilizer, the phase constituents in the Ti–6Al–4V alloy changed from αʹ .→ αʹ+α+ω+β → α+ω+β </LI> </UL> </P>

Five novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis isolated from hypersaline soils and emended description of Nocardiopsis salina Li et al. 2004

Li, Wen-Jun,Kroppenstedt, Reiner M.,Wang, Dong,Tang, Shu-Kun,Lee, Jae-Chan,Park, Dong-Jin,Kim, Chang-Jin,Xu, Li-Hua,Jiang, Cheng-Lin Microbiology Society 2006 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.56 No.5

<P>Five novel Nocardiopsis strains isolated from hypersaline soils in China were subjected to a polyphasic analysis to determine their taxonomic position. All of the novel isolates could grow on agar plates at NaCl concentrations of up to 18 % (w/v), with optimum growth at 5-8 %. The DNA G+C contents of the novel strains ranged from 67.9 to 73.2 mol%. The morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the isolates matched those described for members of the genus Nocardiopsis. Based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization values and phenotypic characteristics, including the composition of cell-wall amino acids and sugars, menaquinones, polar lipids and cellular fatty acids, the isolates are proposed as representing five novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis. The novel species are proposed as Nocardiopsis gilva sp. nov. [type strain YIM 90087T (=KCTC 19006T=CCTCC AA 2040012T=DSM 44841T)], Nocardiopsis rosea sp. nov. [type strain YIM 90094T (=KCTC 19007T=CCTCC AA 2040013T=DSM 44842T), Nocardiopsis rhodophaea sp. nov. [type strain YIM 90096T (=KCTC 19049T=CCTCC AA 2040014T=DSM 44843T), Nocardiopsis chromatogenes sp. nov. [type strain YIM 90109T (=KCTC 19008T=CCTCC AA 2040015T=DSM 44844T) and Nocardiopsis baichengensis sp. nov. [type strain YIM 90130T (=KCTC 19009T=CCTCC AA 2040016T=DSM 44845T). On the basis of the chemotaxonomic data, the description of the recently described species Nocardiopsis salina Li et al. 2004 is emended.</P>

Traditional Chinese medicine attenuates hospitalization and mortality risks in diabetic patients with carcinoma in situ in Taiwan

Tsai Li-Jen,Chung Chi-Hsiang,Lin Chien-Jung,Su Sheng-Chiang,Kuo Feng-Chih,Liu Jhih-Syuan,Chen Kuan-Chan,Ho Li-Ju,Kuo Chih-Chun,Chang Chun-Yung,Lin Ming-Hsun,Chu Nain-Feng,Lee Chien-Hsing,Hsieh Chang-H 한국한의학연구원 2022 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.11 No.2

Background: Diabetic patients are at high risk of developing cancer. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become increasingly popular as an adjuvant treatment for patients with chronic diseases, and some studies have identified its beneficial effect in diabetic patients with cancer. The purpoes of this study was to outline the potential of TCM to attenuate hospitalization and mortality rates in diabetic patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS). Methods: A total of 6,987 diabetic subjects with CIS under TCM therapy were selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, along with 38,800 of 1:1 sex-, age-, and index year-matched controls without TCM therapy. Cox proportional hazard analysis was conducted to compare hospitalization and mortality rates during an average of 15 years of follow-up. Results: A total of 3,999/1,393 enrolled-subjects (28.62%/9.97%) had hospitalization/mortality, including 1,777/661 in the TCM group (25.43%/9.46%) and 2,222/732 in the control group (31.80%/10.48%). Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed a lower rate of hospitalization and mortality for subjects in the TCM group (adjusted HR=0.536; 95% CI=0.367–0.780, P<0.001; adjusted HR=0.783; 95% CI=0.574– 0.974, P = 0.022). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the cumulative risk of hospitalization and mortality in the case and control groups was significantly different (log rank, P<0.001 and P = 0.011, respectively). Conclusions: Diabetic patients with CIS under TCM therapy were associated with lower hospitalization and mortality rates compared to those without TCM therapy. Thus, TCM application may reduce the burden of national medical resources.

Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Infections in Women Attending Hospitals in Chaozhou of Guangdong Province

Chen, Qiang,Luo, Zhao-Yun,Lin, Min,Lin, Qi-Li,Chen, Chan-Yu,Yang, Chun,Xie, Long-Xu,Li, Hui,Zheng, Jia-Kun,Yang, Li-Ye,Ju, Gui-Zhi Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Limited epidemiologic data of HPV prevalence are available for women attending hospitals in southern China. This study aimed to evaluate the profiles of HPV infection and cytology status in gynecological outpatients in Chaozhou City. Methods: A total of 2833 eligible women were enrolled. The HPV GenoArray test was used for HPV detection and genotyping. Nearly one half of the HPV positive women received liquid-based cytology test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the predictable effects of age and genotype for categories of abnormal cytology. Results: The prevalence of overall, high-risk, and low-risk HPV infection were 24.5%, 19.5% and 8.4%, respectively. A U-shaped age-specific prevalence curve was observed in overall HPV and high-risk HPV, but not in low-risk HPV, which declined with age increasing. The 6 most common high-risk HPV type in descending order, were types 52, 16, 58, 18, 68, and 33. Age and HPV genotype were both important determinants of abnormal cytology incidence, the older women (>45 years) and those infected with HPV type 16 and/or 18 having the highest risk for abnormal cytology. Conclusion: Our findings support the hypothesis that second-generation HPV prophylactic vaccines including HPV-52 and -58 may offer higher protection for women residing in Chaozhou and neighboring cities in Guangdong.

The EGF/hnRNP Q1 axis is involved in tumorigenesis via the regulation of cell cycle-related genes

Yu-Chu Wang,Kung-Chao Chang,Bo-Wen Lin,Jenq-Chang Lee,Chien-Hsien Lai,Li-Jyuan Lin,Yun Yen,Chang-Shen Lin,Shiang-Jie Yang,Peng-Chan Lin,Chung-Ta Lee,Liang-Yi Hung 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) Q1, an RNA-binding protein, has been implicated in many posttranscriptional processes, including RNA metabolism and mRNA splicing and translation. However, the role of hnRNP Q1 in tumorigenesis remains unclear. We previously performed RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-seq analysis to identify hnRNP Q1-interacting mRNAs and found that hnRNP Q1 targets a group of genes that are involved in mitotic regulation, including Aurora-A. Here, we demonstrate that altering the hnRNP Q1 level influences the expression of the Aurora-A protein, but not its mRNA. Stimulation with epidermal growth factor (EGF) enhances both binding between hnRNP Q1 and Aurora-A mRNA as well as the efficacy of the hnRNP Q1-induced translation of Aurora-A mRNA. The EGF/hnRNP Q1-induced translation of Aurora-A mRNA is mediated by the mTOR and ERK pathways. In addition, we show that hnRNP Q1 up-regulates the translation of a group of spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) genes. hnRNP Q1 overexpression is positively correlated with the levels of Aurora-A and the SAC genes in human colorectal cancer tissues. In summary, our data suggest that hnRNP Q1 plays an important role in regulating the expression of a group of cell cycle-related genes. Therefore, it may contribute to tumorigenesis by up-regulating the translation of these genes in colorectal cancer.

Factors Predicting Survival of Patients with Gastric Cancer

Lin, Wen-Li,Sun, Jia-Ling,Chang, Shu-Chan,Wu, Pei-Hua,Huang, Wen-Tsung,Tsao, Chao-Jung Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in Taiwan. The literature has previously shown that age, tumor site, T categories, and number of metastatic nodes significantly affect prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term survival of patients with gastric cancer, as well as the effect of particular prognostic factors on survival. Materials and Methods: This was a survival analysis study with retrospective design. We reviewed the records of 64 patients with adenocarcinoma of the stomach who had undergone gastrectomy with curative intent between 2009 and 2012 at a teaching hospital in southern Taiwan. Data extracted from patient documents included age, gender distribution, tumor location, and pathological grading. Results: The median follow-up time was 4 years, and there were 31 deaths attributed to gastric cancer. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that retrieval of less than 15 lymph nodes from a patient was a significant predictor of survival. A significant predictor of poorer survival was higher pathological grading. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the number of lymph nodes retrieved and pathological grading could be viewed as crucial prognostic factors affecting the survival of individuals with gastric cancer.

Citricoccus alkalitolerans sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from a desert soil in Egypt

Li, Wen-Jun,Chen, Hua-Hong,Zhang, Yu-Qin,Kim, Chang-Jin,Park, Dong-Jin,Lee, Jae-Chan,Xu, Li-Hua,Jiang, Cheng-Lin Microbiology Society 2005 International journal of systematic and evolutiona Vol.55 No.1

<P>An actinobacterium, strain YIM 70010<SUP>T</SUP>, which was isolated from a desert soil sample collected in Egypt, was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomy study. The organism was alkalitolerant and its optimum growth occurred at pH 8·0-9·0. The isolate contained chemotaxonomic markers that were characteristic of the genus <I>Citricoccus</I>, i.e. the peptidoglycan type Lys-Gly-Glu (variation A4<I>α</I>), the predominant menaquinone MK-9(H2) and a polar lipid profile consisting of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and two unknown glycolipids. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 63·8 mol%. Strain YIM 70010<SUP>T</SUP> exhibited a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 99·6 % and DNA-DNA relatedness value of 56 % with <I>Citricoccus muralis</I> DSM 14442<SUP>T</SUP>. The phenotypic characteristics and DNA-DNA relatedness data indicate that strain YIM 70010<SUP>T</SUP> can be distinguished from <I>C. muralis</I> (DSM 14442<SUP>T</SUP>). Therefore, on the basis of the polyphasic taxonomic data presented, a novel species of the genus <I>Citricoccus</I>, <I>Citricoccus alkalitolerans</I> sp. nov. (type strain, YIM 70010<SUP>T</SUP>=CCTCC AA 203008<SUP>T</SUP>=DSM 15665<SUP>T</SUP>=KCTC 19012<SUP>T</SUP>) is proposed.</P>

Immediate Effects of a Relaxation-Training Program on Finger Temperature and Psychological Responses for Women with Preterm Labor

Li-Lan Chuang,Li-Chan Lin 한국간호과학회 2009 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2009 No.10