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( Eric Scanlon ) 서울대학교 통일평화연구원 2018 Asian Journal of Peacebuilding Vol.6 No.2
The Naxalite-Maoist uprising in India has for fifty-one years continued almost unabated. Today Maoist rebels have a substantial presence in at least ten of India’s twenty-nine states and the Indian government has repeatedly stated that it remains the most potent threat to stability that the Indian state faces. This research note examines the existing literature and local primary sources to explore the economic, social, and military factors that have influenced the longevity of this conflict. It details how a fifty-one year conflict has continued almost unmitigated in a country that has the military might that India commands.
Flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with aramid fiber reinforced polymer (AFRP) bars
김민숙,이영학,김희철,Andrew Scanlon,이준복 국제구조공학회 2011 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.38 No.4
Due to the low elastic modulus of FRP, concrete members reinforced with FRP rebars show greater deflections than members reinforced with steel rebars. Deflection is one of the important factors to consider the serviceability of horizontal members. In this study flexural test of AFRP reinforced concrete beams was performed considering reinforcement ratio and compressive strength as parameters. The test results indicated that flexural capacity and stiffness increase in proportion to the reinforcement ratio. The test results were compared with existing proposed equations for the effective moment of inertia including ACI 440. The most of the proposed equations were found to over-estimate the effective moment of inertia while the equation proposed by Bischoff and Scanlon (2007) most accurately predicted the values obtained through actual testing.
Flexural behavior of concrete beams reinforced with aramid fiber reinforced polymer (AFRP) bars
Kim, Min Sook,Lee, Young Hak,Kim, Heecheul,Scanlon, Andrew,Lee, Junbok Techno-Press 2011 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.38 No.4
Due to the low elastic modulus of FRP, concrete members reinforced with FRP rebars show greater deflections than members reinforced with steel rebars. Deflection is one of the important factors to consider the serviceability of horizontal members. In this study flexural test of AFRP reinforced concrete beams was performed considering reinforcement ratio and compressive strength as parameters. The test results indicated that flexural capacity and stiffness increase in proportion to the reinforcement ratio. The test results were compared with existing proposed equations for the effective moment of inertia including ACI 440. The most of the proposed equations were found to over-estimate the effective moment of inertia while the equation proposed by Bischoff and Scanlon (2007) most accurately predicted the values obtained through actual testing.
Self-Regulation Mechanism for Charged Point Defects in Hybrid Halide Perovskites
Walsh, Aron,Scanlon, David O,Chen, Shiyou,Gong, X G,Wei, Su-Huai WILEY-VCH Verlag 2015 Angewandte Chemie Vol.54 No.6
<P>Hybrid halide perovskites such as methylammonium lead iodide (CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB>) exhibit unusually low free-carrier concentrations despite being processed at low-temperatures from solution. We demonstrate, through quantum mechanical calculations, that an origin of this phenomenon is a prevalence of ionic over electronic disorder in stoichiometric materials. Schottky defect formation provides a mechanism to self-regulate the concentration of charge carriers through ionic compensation of charged point defects. The equilibrium charged vacancy concentration is predicted to exceed 0.4 % at room temperature. This behavior, which goes against established defect conventions for inorganic semiconductors, has implications for photovoltaic performance.</P>
Distortional and local buckling of steel-concrete composite box-beam
Lizhong Jiang,Jingjing Qi,Andrew Scanlon,Linlin Sun 국제구조공학회 2013 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.14 No.3
Distortional and local buckling are important factors that influences the bearing capacity of steel-concrete composite box-beam. Through theoretical analysis of distortional buckling forms, a stability analysis calculation model of composite box beam considering rotation of steel beam top flange is resented. The critical bending moment calculation formula of distortional buckling is established. In addition, mechanical behaviors of a steel beam web in the negative moment zone subjected separately to bending stress, shear stress and combined stress are investigated. Elastic buckling factors of steel web under different stress conditions are calculated. On the basis of local buckling analysis results, a limiting value for height-to thickness ratio of a steel web in the elastic stage is proposed. Numerical examples are presented to verify the proposed models.
Ductility-based seismic design of precast concrete large panel buildings
Astarlioglu, Serdar,Memari, Ali M.,Scanlon, Andrew Techno-Press 2000 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.10 No.4
Two approximate methods based on mechanism analysis suitable for seismic assessment/design of structural concrete are reviewed. The methods involve use of equal energy concept or equal displacement concept along with appropriate patterns of inelastic deformations to relate structure's maximum lateral displacement to member and plastic deformations. One of these methods (Clough's method), defined here as a ductility-based approach, is examined in detail and a modification for its improvement is suggested. The modification is based on estimation of maximum inelastic displacement using inelastic design response spectra (IDRS) as an alternative to using equal energy concept. The IDRS for demand displacement ductilities are developed for a single degree of freedom model subjected to several accelerograms as functions of response modification factor (R), damping ratios, and strain hardening. The suggested revised methodology involves estimation of R as the ratio of elastic strength demand to code level demand, and determination of design base shear using $R_{design}{\leq}R$ and maximum displacement, determination of plastic displacement using IDRS and subsequent local plastic deformations. The methodology is demonstrated for the case of a 10-story precast wall panel building.
Bismuth oxyhalides: synthesis, structure and photoelectrochemical activity
Bhachu, D.,Moniz, S. A.,Sathasivam, S.,Scanlon, D.,Walsh, A.,Bawaked, S.,Mokhtar, M.,Obaid, A.,Parkin, I.,Tang, J. THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY 2016 Chemical Science Vol.7 No.8
<P>We report the synthesis and photoelectrochemical assessment of phase pure tetragonal matlockite structured BiOX (where X = Cl, Br, I) films. The materials were deposited using aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition. The measured optical bandgaps of the oxyhalides, supported by density functional theory calculations, showed a red shift with the increasing size of halide following the binding energy of the anion p-orbitals that form the valence band. Stability and photoelectrochemical studies carried out without a sacrificial electron donor showed the n-type BiOBr film to have the highest photocurrent reported for BiOBr in the literature to date (0.3 mA cm(-2) at 1.23 V vs. RHE), indicating it is an excellent candidate for solar fuel production with a very low onset potential of 0.2 V vs. RHE. The high performance was attributed to the preferred growth of the film in the [011] direction, as shown by X-ray diffraction, leading to internal electric fields that minimize charge carrier recombination.</P>