Accessible Voting Systems for Visually Impairments

Ruba Ghazi Alzamel,Randa Ali Obeidallah 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.11

It is the time for blind people to participate elections independently. A special segment of the population, such as visually impaired voters has the right to vote and choose their representative; it is an essential part of democracy. Extant election systems do not adequately serve this goal. This paper focuses on blind people and aims to provide a new voting system to give blind and low vision voters more choices to participate the election process.

A bio-medical snake optimizer system driven by logarithmic surviving global search for optimizing feature selection and its application for disorder recognition

Khurma Ruba Abu,Alhenawi Esraa,Braik Malik,Hashim Fatma A,Chhabra Amit,Castillo Pedro A 한국CDE학회 2023 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.10 No.6

It is of paramount importance to enhance medical practices, given how important it is to protect human life. Medical therapy can be accelerated by automating patient prediction using machine learning techniques. To double the efficiency of classifiers, several preprocessing strategies must be adopted for their crucial duty in this field. Feature Selection (FS) is one tool that has been used frequently to modify data and enhance classification outcomes by lowering the dimensionality of datasets. Excluded features are those that have a poor correlation coefficient with the label class, i.e., they have no meaningful correlation with classification and do not indicate where the instance belongs. Along with the recurring features, which show a strong association with the remainder of the features. Contrarily, the model being produced during training is harmed, and the classifier is misled by their presence. This causes overfitting and increases algorithm complexity and processing time. The pattern is made clearer by FS, which also creates a broader classification model with a lower chance of overfitting in an acceptable amount of time and algorithmic complexity. To optimize the FS process, building wrappers must employ metaheuristic algorithms as search algorithms. The best solution, which reflects the best subset of features within a particular medical dataset that aids in patient diagnosis, is sought in this study using the Snake Optimizer (SO). The swarm-based approaches that SO is founded on have left it with several general flaws, like local minimum trapping, early convergence, uneven exploration and exploitation, and early convergence. By employing the cosine function to calculate the separation between the present solution and the ideal solution, the logarithm operator was paired with SO to better the exploitation process and get over these restrictions. In order to get the best overall answer, this forces the solutions to spiral downward. Additionally, SO is employed to put the evolutionary algorithms’ preservation of the best premise into practice. This is accomplished by utilizing three alternative selection systems – tournament, proportional, and linear – to improve the exploration phase. These are used in exploration to allow solutions to be found more thoroughly and in relation to a chosen solution than at random. These are Tournament Logarithmic Snake Optimizer (TLSO), Proportional Logarithmic Snake Optimizer, and Linear Order Logarithmic Snake Optimizer. A number of 22 reference medical datasets were used in experiments. The findings indicate that, among 86% of the datasets, TLSO attained the best accuracy, and among 82% of the datasets, the best feature reduction. In terms of the standard deviation, the TLSO also attained noteworthy reliability and stability. On the basis of running duration, it is, nonetheless, quite effective.

Tridax Procumbens Extract Loaded Electrospun PCL Nanofibers: A Novel Wound Dressing Material

Mathiazhagan Suryamathi,Chidhambaram Ruba,Periasamy Viswanathamurthi,Velramar Balasubramanian,Pachiappan Perumal 한국고분자학회 2019 Macromolecular Research Vol.27 No.1

To overcome the bacterial infection which may leads to strain the wounds progressively, wound healing medicinal plant was choosen to treat the infection caused by bacteria. Though the medicinal wound healing plants are resistant to bacteria, the bare plant extract may face poor contact with the wound. This necessitate for a carrier for the plant extract. Polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun nanofibers have been selected as carrier in this work due to its beneficial surface property and biocompatibility. Extract from the medicinal plant Tridax procumbens was immobilized on PCL electrospun nanofibers. The PCL nanofiber and Tridax procumbens extract immobilized nanofibers were characterized by SEM, XRD and EDAX. The morphology, porosity, swelling and weight loss percentage of the electrospun nanofibers have been investigated. The Tridax procumbens-PCL nanofibers were analyzed for its anti-bacterial activity. The results of the work confess that the scaffolds act as an enhancer of wound healing and treating surfaces that contain pathogenic microorganisms especially in hospital environment.

A new approach for solving global optimization and engineering problems based on modified sea horse optimizer

Hashim Fatma A,Mostafa Reham R,Khurma Ruba Abu,Qaddoura Raneem,Castillo Pedro A 한국CDE학회 2024 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.11 No.1

Sea horse optimizer (SHO) is a noteworthy metaheuristic algorithm that emulates various intelligent behaviors exhibited by sea horses, encompassing feeding patterns, male reproductive strategies, and intricate movement patterns. To mimic the nuanced locomotion of sea horses, SHO integrates the logarithmic helical equation and Levy flight, effectively incorporating both random movements with substantial step sizes and refined local exploitation. Additionally, the utilization of Brownian motion facilitates a more comprehensive exploration of the search space. This study introduces a robust and high-performance variant of the SHO algorithm named modified sea horse optimizer (mSHO). The enhancement primarily focuses on bolstering SHO’s exploitation capabilities by replacing its original method with an innovative local search strategy encompassing three distinct steps: a neighborhood-based local search, a global non-neighbor-based search, and a method involving circumnavigation of the existing search region. These techniques improve mSHO algorithm’s search capabilities, allowing it to navigate the search space and converge toward optimal solutions efficiently. To evaluate the efficacy of the mSHO algorithm, comprehensive assessments are conducted across both the CEC2020 benchmark functions and nine distinct engineering problems. A meticulous comparison is drawn against nine metaheuristic algorithms to validate the achieved outcomes. Statistical tests, including Wilcoxon’s rank-sum and Friedman’s tests, are aptly applied to discern noteworthy differences among the compared algorithms. Empirical findings consistently underscore the exceptional performance of mSHO across diverse benchmark functions, reinforcing its prowess in solving complex optimization problems. Furthermore, the robustness of mSHO endures even as the dimensions of optimization challenges expand, signifying its unwavering efficacy in navigating complex search spaces. The comprehensive results distinctly establish the supremacy and efficiency of the mSHO method as an exemplary tool for tackling an array of optimization quandaries. The results show that the proposed mSHO algorithm has a total rank of 1 for CEC2020 test functions. In contrast, the mSHO achieved the best value for the engineering problems, recording a value of 0.012 665, 2993.634, 0.01 266, 1.724 967, 263.8915, 0.032 255, 58 507.14, 1.339 956, and 0.23 524 for the pressure vessel design, speed reducer design, tension/compression spring, welded beam design, three-bar truss engineering design, industrial refrigeration system, multi-product batch plant, cantilever beam problem, and multiple disc clutch brake problems, respectively. Source codes of mSHO are publicly available at https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/135882-improved-sea-horse-algorithm.

Influence of Conservation Agriculture Practice Systems (caps) to Soil Properties in a Sloping Oxisol in Southern Philippines

Apolinario Jr Gonzaga,Pompe C Sta Cruz,Agustin R Mercado Jr,Nelda Ruba Gonzaga 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Biometric Identification: Iris Recognition, Biometric Cryptography

Rawan Alrasheddi,Zainab Alawami,Maryam Hazazi,Reema Abu Alsaud,Ruba Alobaidi International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.5

Biometrics is an application of biometric authentication and identification techniques that are used for security. Where people can be identified by physical or behavioral features such as iris, fingerprints, or even voice. Biometrics with cryptography can be used in a variety of applications such as issuing, generating, or associating biometric keys. Biometric identification and cryptography are used in many institutions and high-security systems due to the difficulty of tampering or forgery by hackers. In this paper, literature reviews on biometric identification and cryptography are presented and discussed. In addition to a comparison of techniques in the literature reviews, identifying its strengths and weaknesses, and providing an initial proposal for biometrics and cryptography.

Clinical Presentation and Frequency of Risk Factors in Patients with Breast Carcinoma in Pakistan

Memon, Zahid Ali,Qurrat-ul-Ain, Qurrat-ul-Ain,Khan, Ruba,Raza, Natasha,Noor, Tooba Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.17

Background: Breast cancer is known to be one of the most prevalent cancers among women in both developing and developed countries. The incidence of breast cancer in Pakistan has increased dramatically within the last few years and is the second country after Israel in Asia to have highest proportional cases of breast cancer. However, there are limited data for breast cancer available in the literature from Pakistan. Objectives: The study was conducted to bring to light the common clinical presentation of breast cancer and to evaluate the frequency of established risk factors in breast carcinoma patients and furthermore to compare the findings between premenopausal and postmenopausal women in Pakistan. Materials and Methods: A 6 months (from July 2012 to Dec 2012) cross sectional survey was conducted in Surgical and Oncology Units of Civil Hospital, Karachi. Data were collected though a well developed questionnaire from 105 female patients diagnosed with carcinoma of breast and analyzed using SPSS version 17. Institutional ethical approval was obtained prior to data collection. Results: Out of 105 patients, 43 were premenopausal and 62 were postmenopausal, 99 being married. Mean age at diagnosis was $47.8{\pm}12.4years$. A painless lump was the most frequent symptom, notived by 77.1%(n=81). Some 55.2% (n=58) patients had a lump in the right breast and 44.8%(n=47) in the left breast. In the majority of cases, the lump was present in upper outer quadrant 41.9% (n=44). Mean period of delay from appearance of symptoms to consulting a doctor was $5.13{\pm}4.8months$, from the shortest 1 month to the longest 36 months. Long delay (> 3 months) was the most frequent figure 41.9%. Considering overall risk factors most frequent were first pregnancy after 20 years of age (41%), physical breast trauma (28.6%), lack of breast feeding(21.9%), and early menarche <11 years (19%), followed by null parity (16.2%), consumption of high fat diet (15.2%), family history of breast cancer or any other cancer in first degree relatives (9.5% and 13.3%, respectively). Some of the less common factors were late menopause >54 years (8.6%), use of oral contraceptive pills (10.5%), use of hormone replacement therapy (4.7%),smoking (4.7%) and radiation (0.96%). Significant differences (p<0.005) were observed between pre and post menopausal women regarding history of physical breast trauma, practice of breast feeding and parity. Conclusions: A painless lump was the most frequent clinical presentation noted. Overall age at first child > 20 years, physical breast trauma, lack of breast feeding, early menarche <11 were the most frequent risk factors. Physical breast trauma, lower parity, a trend for less breast feeding had more significant associations with pre-menopausal than post-menopausal onset. Increase opportunity of disease prevention can be obtained through better understanding of clinical presentation and risk factors important in the etiology of breast cancer.

Enhancement effect of phosphate and silicate on water defluoridation by calcined gypsum

Al-Rawajfeh, Aiman Eid,Alrawashdeh, Albara I.,Aldawdeyah, Asma,Hassan, Shorouq,Qarqouda, Ruba Techno-Press 2013 Advances in environmental research Vol.2 No.1

Research work on removal of fluoride from water, referred to as water defluoridation, has resulted into the development of a number of technologies over the years but they suffer from either cost or efficiency drawbacks. In this work, enhancement effects of phosphate and silicate on defluoridation of water by low-cost Plaster of Paris (calcined gypsum) were studied. To our knowledge, the influence of silicate on defluoridation was not reported. It was claimed, that the presence of some ions in the treated water samples, was decreasing the fluoride removal since these ions compete the fluoride ions on occupying the available adsorption sites, however, phosphate and silicate ions, from its sodium slats, have enhanced the fluoride % removal, hence, precipitation of calcium-fluoro compounds of these ions can be suggested. Percentage removal of $F^-$ by neat Plaster is 48%, the electrical conductance (EC) curve shows the typical curve of Plaster setting which begins at 20 min and finished at 30 min. The addition of phosphate and silicate ions enhances the removal of fluoride to high extent > 90%. Thermodynamics parameters showed spontaneous fluoride removal by neat Plaster and Plaster-silicate system. The percentage removal with time showed second-order reaction kinetics.

Orosomucoid Serum Concentrations and Fat Depot-Specific mRNA and Protein Expression in Humans

Assim A Alfadda,Sumbul Fatma,M Azhar Chishti,Mohammed Y Al-Naami,Ruba Elawad,Carmen Deanna O Mendoza,Hyunsun Jo,이윤석 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.33 No.1

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflamma-tion, which contributes to systemic metabolic irregularities and obesity-linked metabolic disorders. Orosomucoid (ORM), an acute phase reactant protein, was shown to be produced in response to metabolic and inflammatory signals in the adipose tissue of obese mice, which protects them from severe inflammation and subsequent metabolic dysfunction. In this study, we examined whether there are site-specific differences between visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT and SAT, respectively) ORM gene and protein expression from individuals with a wide range of obesity and the relationship between expressed and circulating ORM levels and measures of adiposity, insulin resistance, and pro- and anti-inflammatory markers and adipokines. The level of circulating ORM correlated positively with BMI, body fat mass, and serum leptin. It also correlated with fasting insulin, HOMA-IR values and C-reactive protein in men. There were no site-specific differences in ORM mRNA and protein expression between VAT and SAT, nor did we find a relationship between circulating ORM levels and its mRNA expression in either fat depot. We found that ORM mRNA expression correlated with mRNA expression of TNF-, IL-6, and adiponectin in VAT, and with TNF- and adiponectin in SAT. These observations are the first description linking adipose tissue ORM and pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules in humans. The close links of ORM and measures of adiposity, insulin resistance, and adipose tissue inflammation in humans reinforce previous experimental data and warrant further studies to explore a possible role of ORM in the patho-genesis of obesity-associated metabolic derangements.

Endovascular treatment for anterior inferior cerebellar artery-posterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA-PICA) common trunk variant aneurysms: Technical note and literature review

Jerry C. Ku,Vishal Chavda,Paolo Palmisciano,Christopher R. Pasarikovski,Victor X.D. Yang,Ruba Kiwan,Stefano M. Priola,Bipin Chaurasia 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2023 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.25 No.4

The Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery-Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA-PICA) common trunk is a rare variant of cerebral posterior circulation in which a single vessel originating from either the basilar or vertebral arteries supplies both cerebellum and brainstem territories. We present the first case of an unruptured right AICA-PICA aneurysm treated with flow diversion using a Shield-enhanced pipeline endovascular device (PED, VANTAGE Embolization Device with Shield Technology, Medtronic, Canada). We expand on this anatomic variant and review the relevant literature.A 39-year-old man presented to our treatment center with vertigo and right hypoacusis. The initial head CT/CTA was negative, but a 4-month follow-up MRI revealed a 9 mm fusiform dissecting aneurysm of the right AICA. The patient underwent a repeat head CTA and cerebral angiogram, which demonstrated the presence of an aneurysm on the proximal portion of an AICA-PICA anatomical variant. This was treated with an endovascular approach that included flow diversion via a PED equipped with Shield Technology. The patient’s post-procedure period was uneventful, and he was discharged home after two days with an intact neurological status. The patient is still asymptomatic after a 7-month follow-up, with MR angiogram evidence of stable aneurysm obliteration and no ischemic lesions.Aneurysms of the AICA-PICA common trunk variants have a high morbidity risk due to the importance and extent of the territory vascularized by a single vessel. Endovascular treatment with flow diversion proved to be both safe and effective in obliterating unruptured cases.