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Grain yield variability and stability of corn varieties in rainfed areas in the Philippines
Anuada Anecito M.,Cruz Pompe C. Sta.,De Guzman Lucille Elna P.,Sanchez Pearl B. 한국작물학회 2022 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.25 No.2
Determining the factors afecting the yield of corn varieties due to genotype by environment (G ×E) interaction can be helpful in the identifcation of sites with contrasting environments for efective multi-location trials. Field experiments were conducted for one cropping season in selected corn-growing areas in the Philippines. Corn varieties used were: (i) IPB Var 6, IPB Var 8, LB Lagkitan, IES Lagkitan, and Native corn in Luzon; (ii) IPB Var 6, IPB Var 11, IPB Var 13, and OxL in Visayas; and (iii) IPB Var 6, LB Lagkitan, and OxL in Mindanao. Climatic parameters, such as temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity in each location were determined. Grain yield variability was obtained as afected by the prevailing climatic factors during the growing period. In Luzon, variations in corn grain yield were mainly attributed to the genotypic efect under Type I climate (distinct dry and wet season), and IPB Var 6 has consistently higher grain yields across sites. The efect of the environment on the grain yield of IPB Var 6, IPB Var 8, LB Lagkitan, IES Lagkitan, and Native variety was apparent under Type IV climate and the diferent corn varieties were not afected by the climatic factors. In the Visayas, relative humidity contributed signifcantly to grain yield variations of four varieties in diferent locations with Type I climate. Varietal diferences in corn grain yield under Type IV climate were attributed to the genotypic efect and IPB Var 13 variety has consistently higher grain yield. Temperature, genotype, and relative humidity contributed signifcantly to the variations in the grain yield of IPB Var 6, OxL, and LB Lagkitan in locations with a Type II climate in Mindanao. On the other hand, genotype and relative humidity signifcantly infuenced the yield performance of three varieties grown in diferent locations with a Type IV climate. In conclusion: (i) IPB Var 6 can be recommended in Luzon under Type I and IV climates, based on yield performance across locations; (ii) IPB Var 13 can be recommended under Type I and IV climates in the Visayas based on grain yield, with IPB Var 11 being the most stable genotype across three locations with Type I and IV climates; and (iii) IPB Var 6 having the highest grain yield under Type II and IV climates in Mindanao, can be recommended in Mindanao, eventhough it has specifc adaptations in some locations.
Arnold R. Salvacion,Damasa B. Magcale-Macandog,Pompe C. Sta. Cruz,Ronaldo B. Saludes,Ireneo B. Pangga,Christian Joseph R. Cumagun 대한공간정보학회 2018 Spatial Information Research Vol.26 No.5
This study assessed spatial pattern of trends in monthly rainfall and temperature in the Philippines using Climate Research Unit time series data. Based on the results, there are significant trends in monthly rainfall and temperature in the country. On the average, monthly rainfall in the country is increasing by 0.34 mm/year. In the case of monthly temperature, the average increases per year were 0.008 and 0.019 C, for maximum and minimum temperature, respectively. In terms of proportion, larger portion of the country showed significant trends in monthly temperature ([80%) compared to rainfall (\10%). Shift in wettest, driest, warmest, and coldest months were also observed between the periods of 1951–1980 to 1986–2015.
Mary Valerie G. Embate,Mark Ian C. Calayugan,Renerio P. Gentallan Jr,Pompe C. Sta. Cruz,Jose E. Hernandez,Teresita H. Borromeo 한국작물학회 2021 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.24 No.3
Philippine pigmented traditional rice varieties (TRVs) ofer potential novel genes for genetic improvement. In this study, forty-three pigmented traditional rice varieties (TRVs) from Region X, XII and XIII in Mindanao were evaluated using 47 agromorphological (22 qualitative and 25 quantitative) traits, grain chemical properties, disease reaction, insect pests, and 64 SSR markers. The standardized Shannon–Weaver diversity index for phenotypic diversity averaged at 0.30 for qualitative and 0.88 for quantitative traits. Desirable traits observed in the TRVs include erect fag leaf, pubescent leaf blade, and strong culm for lodging resistance. Three TRVs, Malagkit (CollNo. 4555), Dinorado (CollNo. 11071), and Canayo (CollNo. 12794) showed resistance to blast. While Kabuyok (CollNo. 1091), Kabuyog (CollNo. 11052), Dinorado (CollNo. 12786), Lubang (Red) (CollNo. 4541), Manganahaw (CollNo. 4570), Palawenyo (CollNo. 6361), Boringan (CollNo. 4291), Mixture from Kabuyok (CollNo. 11070) and Mimis (CollNo. 1092) recorded intermediate resistance to whiteheads. Tapul (CollNo. 5156) was identifed to have blast resistance with desirable grain chemical properties: intermediate amylose content, low gelatinization temperature and medium cooked rice. The PIC values revealed that RM26550, RM28166, RM10665, RM27492 and RM23251 could be the best markers for genetic diversity estimation of these TRVs. The diversity at gene level showed average of 3.48 alleles ranging from 2 to 11 per locus. Mean gene diversity (H) value for all SSR loci was at 0.34, indicates moderate genetic diversity of TRVs used in the study. These pigmented TRVs can be tapped for pests/diseases resistance, and grain quality research, direct utilization or as parents in specifc breeding purposes.