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Rice genetic improvement in the post genomics era
Qifa Zhang 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회 심포지엄 Vol.2013 No.07
In the past half century, production of major food crops in the world has kept pace with the population increase. The yields of major cereals such as maize, rice and wheat have been more than doubled in most parts of the world and even tripled in certain countries. However, food production is facing even greater challenges in the next half century because of high demands in both quantity and quality, and ever increasing pressures on resources and environments. At the same time, advances in genomics, biotechnology and genetic studies have brought about unprecedented opportunities for crop genetic improvement. Rice is a major food crop feeding approximately half of the world’s population, and has provided a model system for cereal research. In my presentation, I will describe the demands for increased production for future needs, address the main issues that we have encountered as challenges, present current progress in rice functional genomics research, and provide prospect on how the advance in research can be translated into technologies and activities for rice genetic improvement.
Trophic Effect of Bee Pollen on Small Intestine in Broiler Chickens
Heng Wang,Jue Wang,Shenghe Li,Qifa Wang,Baozhong Xin 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.2
In this study, the effects of bee pollen on the development of digestive organs were evaluated in broiler chick-ens. A total of 144 1-day-old AA broiler chickens were randomly and equally divided into two groups, assigned as the con-trol group and the pollen group, respectively. The control group was fed with a basic diet, while the pollen group was fedwith a basic diet supplemented with 1.5% bee pollen over a period of 6 weeks. At the end of each week, the digestive organswere obtained for comparison from 12 broilers randomly selected from each group. The results demonstrated that comparedto the control group, the small intestine villi from the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were longer and thicker in the pollengroup. This difference was more significant during early development, especially through the first 2 weeks. Bee pollen in-creased the length of the villi by 37.1% and 29.4% in the duodenum, 28.1% and 33.7% in the jejunum, and 18.6% and 16.2%in the ileum in week 1 and 2, respectively. Furthermore, the small intestinal glands were developed at a higher density in thepollen group, and the depth of the glands was significantly increased by bee pollen in the first 2 weeks. These findings sug-gest that bee pollen could promote the early development of the digestive system and therefore is a potentially beneficial foodsupplement for certain conditions, such as short bowel syndrome.
Jiang, Yunhe,Bao, Liang,Jeong, So‐,Yoon,Kim, Seong‐,Ki,Xu, Caiguo,Li, Xianghua,Zhang, Qifa Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2012 The Plant journal Vol.70 No.3
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Organ size is determined by cell number and size, and involves two fundamental processes: cell proliferation and cell expansion. Although several plant hormones are known to play critical roles in shaping organ size by regulating the cell cycle, it is not known whether brassinosteroids (BRs) are also involved in regulating cell division. Here we identified a rice T‐DNA insertion mutant for organ size, referred to as <I>xiao</I>, that displays dwarfism and erect leaves, typical BR‐related phenotypes, together with reduced seed setting. <I>XIAO</I> is predicted to encode an LRR kinase. The small stature of the <I>xiao</I> mutant resulted from reduced organ sizes due to decreased cell numbers resulting from reduced cell division rate, as supported by the observed co‐expression of <I>XIAO</I> with a number of genes involved in cell cycling. The <I>xiao</I> mutant displayed a tissue‐specific enhanced BR response and greatly reduced BR contents at the whole‐plant level. These results indicated that XIAO is a regulator of BR signaling and cell division. Thus, XIAO may provide a possible connection between BRs and cell‐cycle regulation in controlling organ growth.</P>
Piao, Zhonglie,Ma, Teng,Li, Jiawen,Wiedmann, Maximilian T.,Huang, Shenghai,Yu, Mingyue,Kirk Shung, K.,Zhou, Qifa,Kim, Chang-Seok,Chen, Zhongping American Institute of Physics 2015 Applied Physics Letters Vol.107 No.8
<P>Intravascular photoacoustic imaging at 1.7 mu m spectral band has shown promising capabilities for lipid-rich vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque detection. In this work, we report a high speed catheter-based integrated intravascular photoacoustic/intravascular ultrasound (IVPA/IVUS) imaging system with a 500 Hz optical parametric oscillator laser at 1725 nm. A lipid-mimicking phantom and atherosclerotic rabbit abdominal aorta were imaged at 1 frame per second, which is two orders of magnitude faster than previously reported in IVPA imaging with the same wavelength. Clear photoacoustic signals by the absorption of lipid rich deposition demonstrated the ability of the system for high speed vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques detection. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.</P>
Mutant resources in rice for functional genomics of the grasses.
Krishnan, Arjun,Guiderdoni, Emmanuel,An, Gynheung,Hsing, Yue-ie C,Han, Chang-deok,Lee, Myung Chul,Yu, Su-May,Upadhyaya, Narayana,Ramachandran, Srinivasan,Zhang, Qifa,Sundaresan, Venkatesan,Hirochika, American Society of Plant Physiologists 2009 PLANT PHYSIOLOGY - Vol.149 No.1
Rice mutant resources for gene discovery
Hirohiko Hirochika,,Emmanuel Guiderdoni,An, Gyn-heung,Yue-ie Hsing,Eun, Moo-Young,Han, Chang-deok,Narayana Upadhyaya,Hei Leung,Srinivasan Ramachandran,Qifa Zhang,Andy Pereira,Venkatesan Sundaresan Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2004 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2004 No.-
With the completion of genomic sequencing of rice, rice has been firmly established as a model organism for both basic and applied research. The next challenge is to uncover the functions of genes predicted by sequence analysis. Considering the amount of effort and the diversity of disciplines required for functional analyses, extensive international collaboration is needed for this next goal. The aims of this review are to summarize the current status of rice mutant resources, key tools for functional analysis of genes, and our perspectives on how to accelerate rice gene discovery through collaboration.