머루포도 씨 추출물의 α-Melanin Stimulating Hormone으로 자극한 B16세포에서 melanin 생성억제 효과

이평재(Pyeongjae Lee) 한국자원식물학회 2009 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.22 No.5

한국에서 주요하게 재배되는 세 개의 품종(켐벨, 청포도, 머루포도)을 대상으로 껍질과 씨 추출물의 미백효능을 검색하였다. Mouse melanoma인 B16세포에 α-MSH와 샘플을 처리하여 melanin 생성을 측정하였다. 세 품종의 껍질은 효과가 없었으며 켐벨과 청포도의 씨 추출물은 세포독성이 매우 강하였다. 머루포도 씨 추출물은 50μg/ml 에서 대조구에 비해 melanin 생성은 51.6±20.5% 이었으며 세포 생존율은 90.4±11.3% 이어서 약간의 세포 독성에도 불구 melanin 생성 억제 효과가 뚜렷하였다. 머루포도 씨 추출물은 B16세포에서 α-MSH에 의한 tyrosinase 발현량 증가를 억제하였다. 이후 연구는 1) 머루포도 씨의 생리활성 단일물질 검색과 2) α-MSH의 신호전달 과정에 추출물 및 생리활성 단일물질이 어떻게 영향을 미치는지 하는 점이고 현재 실험에 진행 중에 있다. Inhibitory effect of skin and seed of three species grape cultivated in Korea on melanogenesis was investigated. Melanin generation was examined in α -Melanin Stimulating Hormone-stimulated B16 cell, mouse melanoma, in the presence of samples. All skin sample did not show the inhibitory effect. Seed extract of Campbell early and Neo Muscat had negative effect on cell viability. When 50μg/ml seed extract of Muscat Bailey A was treated, amount of generated melanin and cell viability were 51.6±20.5% and 90.4±11.3% compared to control, respectively. Seed extract of Muscat Bailey A reduced the tyrosinase protein induced by α -Melanin Stimulating Hormone, which suggests that inhibitory effect of seed extract of Muscat Bailey A on melanin is partly due to suppression of tyrosinase that is responsible for melanin production.

Regulatory Effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ on Nitric Oxide Production in Activated Microglia

Jinyoung Hur,Pyeongjae Lee,Mi Jung Kim,Young-Wuk Cho 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

Microglia are activated by inflammatory and pathophysiological stimuli in neurodegenerative diseases, and activated microglia induce neuronal damage by releasing cytotoxic factors like nitric oxide (NO). Activated microglia synthesize a significant amount of vitamin D3 in the rat brain, and vitamin D₃ has an inhibitory effect on activated microglia. To investigate the possible role of vitamin D₃ as a negative regulator of activated microglia, we examined the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ on NO production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglia. Treatment with LPS increased the production of NO in primary cultured and BV2 microglial cells. Treatment with 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ inhibited the generation of NO in LPS-activated primary microglia and BV2 cells. In addition to NO production, expression of 1-α-hydroxylase and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) was also upregulated in LPS-stimulated primary and BV2 microglia. When BV2 cells were transfected with 1-α-hydroxylase siRNA or VDR siRNA, the inhibitory effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ on activated BV2 cells was suppressed. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃ also inhibited the increased phosphorylation of p38 seen in LPS-activated BV2 cells, and this inhibition was blocked by VDR siRNA. The present study shows that 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ inhibits NO production in LPS-activated microglia through the mediation of LPS-induced 1-α-hydroxylase. This study also shows that the inhibitory effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ on NO production might be exerted by inhibiting LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 through the mediation of VDR signaling. These results suggest that vitamin D3 might have an important role in the negative regulation of microglial activation.

Neuroprotective Effect of Scopoletin from Angelica dahurica on Oxygen and Glucose Deprivation-exposed Rat Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Culture

Dongwook Son,Pyeongjae Lee,Jongseok Lee,Sanghyun Lee,Sang Yoon Choi,Jong-Won Lee,Sun Yeou Kim 한국식품과학회 2007 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.16 No.4

This study examined the neuroprotective effect of scopoletin from Angelica dahurica against oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neurotoxicity in a rat organotypic hippocampal slice culture. Scopoletin reduced the propidium iodide (PI) uptake, which is an indication of impaired cell membrane integrity. In addition, it inhibited the loss of NeuN, which represents the viability of neuronal cells. The results suggests that scopoletin from A. dahurica protects neuronal cells from the damage caused by oxygen and glucose deprivation.

Molecular Cloning of Cytochrome P450 Family Gene Fragment from Midgut of the Beet Armyworm, Spodoptera exigua

Moon, Jae-Yu,Lee, Pyeongjae,Cho, Il-Je,Kim, Iksoo,Lee, Heui-Sam Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2002 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.4 No.2

Cytochrome P45O (CYP) gene has been known to play one of the most important roles in metabolizing the exogenous materials. In insect, CYP is particularly known to detoxify toxic materials by adding oxygen molecule to the hydrophobic region of the materials. Thus, CYP-dependent metabolism is associated with the adaptation of insect to host plant chemicals. This in turn is known to be one of the driving forces for CYP diversification. In the present study, we cloned seven gene fragments of CYP 4 (CYP4) family from the midgut of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua, through RT.PCT, Sequence analysis of the product showed the gene fragment to contain an open reading frame of ~150 amino acids, consisted of ~450 bp. The cloned gene fragments contained typical, conserved regions found in CYP4 family. Pairwise comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences among seven clones ranged in divergence from 0% to 52.86% and resulted in five distinct clones. The other two clones were identical or differ by one amino acid respectively to the corresponding clone, although each differed by ten nucleotides. Analysis of correlation between GenBank-registered, full length CYP4 and the cloned fragments resulted in statistically significant relationship ($r^{2}$ = 0.96085; p < 0.001), suggesting utility of the partial sequences as such full-length sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of the clones with GenBank-registered insect and mammal CYP4 family sequences by parsimony and several distance methods subdivided the clones into two groups: tones belonging to CYP4S and the others to CYP4M families.

Neurite outgrowth induced by spicatoside A, a steroidal saponin, via the tyrosine kinase A receptor pathway

Hur, Jinyoung,Lee, Pyeongjae,Moon, Eunjung,Kang, Insug,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Oh, Myung Sook,Kim, Sun Yeou Elsevier 2009 european journal of pharmacology Vol.620 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Although nerve growth factor (NGF) therapy is an available option for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, several limitations exist in its medical application. In the present study, we examined the neurotrophic effects of spicatoside A isolated from <I>Liriope platyphylla</I> on PC12 cells as well as the mechanisms involved in this process. Spicatoside A (10μg/mL) induced neurite outgrowth similar to NGF (50ng/mL). Furthermore, spicatoside A, a steroidal saponin, activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase/Akt) via tyrosine receptor kinase A (TrkA), which is responsible for the induction of the neuritic process. The effects of NGF and spicatoside A on neurite outgrowth disappeared in TrkA knockdown PC12 cells by siRNA. In conclusion, neuritogenic effects resulting from spicatoside A may be involved in TrkA activation.</P>

센서 네트워크에서 다중 파워 비콘신호의 SCORE 이용한 위치추정 알고리즘

안홍범(Hongbeom Ahn),이평재(Pyeongjae Lee),홍진표(Jinpyo Hong) 한국정보과학회 2010 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.37 No.1D

무선 센서 네트워크에서 LBS(Location Based Services)에 적합한 기술적인 요구사항이 증가하고 있다. 최근 LBS의 가장 기본이 되는 위치추정(Localization)에 관련하여 많은 알고리즘이 제안되고 있지만 센서 네트워크를 위한 요구사항을 만족하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 센서 네트워크에서 5가지 주된 위치추정방식의 요구사항을 정의하고, 이를 만족하는 SCORE 알고리즘을 제안한다. 고정노드는 다중 파워의 비콘신호를 전송하게 되며, 이때 고정노드는 센서노드에게 위치정보를 비콘신호에 담아서 전송하게 되는데 이때 다중 비콘신호에 신호 순서에 해당하는 SCORE라고 고정노드로부터 센서노드까지의 거리에 대한 값을 포함하여서 전송하게 된다. 여러 고정노드로부터 수신한 위치정보를 수집한 센서노드는 간단한 연산과정을 거쳐 자신의 위치를 부산적으로 추정하게 된다. CAB 위치추정 알고리즘의 2가지 알고리즘을 동시에 사용하는 복잡성 문제와 Diffusion 알고리즘의 네트워크 외곽에서 발생하는 큰 위치추정 오류의 문제점을 SCORE 알고리즘에서는 해결하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 SCORE 알고리즘은 독립적인 알고리즘 사용임에도 불구하고 CAB 위치추정 알고리즘과 비슷한 성능을 나타내었으며, Diffusion 알고리즘에서 발생한 네트워크 외곽 센서노들의 오류를 평균 7% 이상 향상 시켰다.

(-)-3,5-Dicaffeoyl-muco-quinic acid isolated from Aster scaber contributes to the differentiation of PC12 cells : through tyrosine kinase cascade signaling

Hur, Jin Young,Lee, Pyeongjae,Kim, Hocheol,Kang, Insug,Lee, Kang Ro,Kim, Sun Yeou WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

Aster scaber T.(Asteraceae) has been used in traditional Korean and Chinese medicine to treat bruises, snakebites, headaches, and dizziness. (-)-3,5-Dicaffeoyl-muco-quinic acid (DQ) isolated from A. scaber induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. It has been reported that the activation of the extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk 1/2) and phosphoinositide 3 (PI3) kinase plays a crucial role in the NGF-induced differentiation of PC12 cells. This study showed that the effect of DQ on neurite outgrowth is mediated via the Erk 1/2 and PI3 kinase-dependent pathways like NGF. Furthermore, DQ stimulated the phosphorylation of Trk A. Overall, DQ elicited the differentiation of PC12 cells through Trk A phosphorylation followed by Erk 1/2 and PI13 kinase activation.

Zerumbone attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of BV-2 microglial cells via NF-κB signaling

Gu Min Ji,Lee Pyeongjae,Ha Sang Keun,Hur Jinyoung 한국응용생명화학회 2020 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.63 No.4

The brain is considered an immune-privileged organ. However, it has been found that inflammation mediated by microglia, which were once believed to support the brain structure, plays important roles in neuronal cell survival and death. Whether activated microglia has beneficial or detrimental effects on neurons remain controversial. Activated microglia could contribute to maintaining homeostasis in the brain by removing damaged cells. Nonetheless, dysregulation of microglial activation leads to neuronal cell death. Therefore, much attention has been paid to compounds that regulate microglial activation. Zerumbone, a constituent of Zingiber zerumbet, has been reported to exert several biological activities such as anticancer, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of zerumbone on lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of BV-2 microglial cells and elucidate the underlying mechanism of action. Zerumbone suppressed nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production induced by lipopolysaccharides through inhibiting the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2. Blocking of mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB activation, if not completely, is considered to be due to the anti-inflammatory effect of zerumbone against microglial activation.

Regulatory Effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on Nitric Oxide Production in Activated Microglia

Hur, Jinyoung,Lee, Pyeongjae,Kim, Mi Jung,Cho, Young-Wuk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

Microglia are activated by inflammatory and pathophysiological stimuli in neurodegenerative diseases, and activated microglia induce neuronal damage by releasing cytotoxic factors like nitric oxide (NO). Activated microglia synthesize a significant amount of vitamin $D_3$ in the rat brain, and vitamin $D_3$ has an inhibitory effect on activated microglia. To investigate the possible role of vitamin $D_3$ as a negative regulator of activated microglia, we examined the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on NO production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglia. Treatment with LPS increased the production of NO in primary cultured and BV2 microglial cells. Treatment with 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ inhibited the generation of NO in LPS-activated primary microglia and BV2 cells. In addition to NO production, expression of 1-${\alpha}$-hydroxylase and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) was also upregulated in LPS-stimulated primary and BV2 microglia. When BV2 cells were transfected with 1-${\alpha}$-hydroxylase siRNA or VDR siRNA, the inhibitory effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on activated BV2 cells was suppressed. 25-Hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ also inhibited the increased phosphorylation of p38 seen in LPS-activated BV2 cells, and this inhibition was blocked by VDR siRNA. The present study shows that 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ inhibits NO production in LPS-activated microglia through the mediation of LPS-induced 1-${\alpha}$-hydroxylase. This study also shows that the inhibitory effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on NO production might be exerted by inhibiting LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 through the mediation of VDR signaling. These results suggest that vitamin $D_3$ might have an important role in the negative regulation of microglial activation.

Neuroprotective effect of wogonin in hippocampal slice culture exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation

Son, Dongwook,Lee, Pyeongjae,Lee, Jongseok,Kim, Hocheol,Kim, Sun Yeou WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2004 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2004 No.-

A poor supply of oxygen and glucose to the brain can cause severe brain damage. Therefore, neuroprotective drugs against ischemia need to be developed. In this study, wogonin, a flavone found in Scutellaria baicalensis, had a protective effect on neuronal cells damaged by oxygen and glucose deprivation in rat hippocampal slices in culture. In particular, the protective effect on the pyramidal cell layer was significant. On the basis of these experimental results, wogonin may be a therapeutic agent for treating ischemia in patients.