백석의 동화시 연구 : 북한의 문예정책과 아동문학 논쟁을 중심으로 With a Focus on North Korea`s Controversial Policy of Literary Art and Children`s Literature

박명옥 ( Myong Ock Park ) 국제비교한국학회 2006 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.14 No.2

Are There Any Effects of Reiteration of Lexical Items, Other than Textual Coherence, in Newspaper Articles?

Won,Myong-Ock 동아대학교 어학연구소 1994 언어와 언어교육 Vol.9 No.-

언어교육 분야 연구 논문의 영문 초록에 사용된 연결어의 특성 -영어 화자와 한국어 화자의 영문 초록 비교-

원명옥 ( Myong Ock Won ) 한국외국어대학교 외국어교육연구소 2007 외국어교육연구 Vol.21 No.1

최근의 학계에서 연구 논문이나 보고서를 제출하려면 영문초록을 첨부하는 것이 필수적인 관행이 된 관계로 잘 씌어진 영문초록에 대한 관심과 연구가 지속되고 있다. 영문초록을 잘 쓸 수 있는 한 가지 방법은 연결어의 특성과 용법을 잘 이해하고 사용하는 것이지만 지금까지 초록에서의 연결어에 대한 연구가 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 영어 화자와 한국어 화자의 영문초록에 사용된 연결어의 특성을 분석, 비교함으로써 한국어 화자의 영문초록 작성에 도움을 주고자 한다. 자료 분석을 위하여 언어교육 분야의 저널에 실린 120개의 영문초록이 선정되었으며, 영어 화자의 초록 60개는 2개의 국제적인 저널에서, 한국어 화자의 초록 60개는 2개의 국내 저널에서 발췌되었다. 분석의 결과는 두 언어 화자의 초록 모두에서 부가적 연결어가 가장 많이 사용되며, 특히 and가 압도적으로 많이 사용되고 있음을 보여주었다. 또한 영어 화자가 한국어 화자보다 전체적으로 더 많은 연결어를 사용하며, 더 자주 반의적 연결어를 사용하며, 초록의 도입 부분에 더 많은 연결어를 사용하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 유사성과 차이는 텍스트 이해와 생성과 관련된 인간 인지 구조의 보편적 특성, 영어 문장의 길이, 초록의 개별 의미요소의 중요성에 대한 초록 필자의 태도와 관계하는 것으로 이해된다. An English abstract is today an essential part of research articles that are to be published, and its essential nature has thus stimulated further research on how to write an English abstract properly. Ability to use connectors in appropriate contexts lays sound foundation for producing an informative English abstract. However, there are few research articles that show the functions of connectors in an English abstract. The present study aims to examine and compare properties of connectors in English abstracts produced by English-speaking writers and Korean-speaking writers. The sources of data are 120 abstracts from two international journals and two Korean journals in the fields of language education and applied linguistics. The results of analysis in terms of the types, frequency and distribution of connectors show that, in general, English speaking writers used more connectors than Korean writers, while additive connectors were most frequently used by both groups of writers. It was also found that Korean writers used fewer adversative connectors than their English counterparts. Finally, English speakers used most connectors in the introduction section of an abstract whereas Korean speakers used them most in the results and conclusion parts. These similarities and differences may draw attention to connectors in English abstracts and provide guidance for inexperienced abstract writers.

The Development of English Collocations from Incidental Learning in University Conversation Classes

원명옥(Myong Ock Won) 언어과학회 2012 언어과학연구 Vol.63 No.-

This paper examines whether incidental learning of collocations occurs in EFL classes in a university setting that focuses on conversations about everyday life via a variety of classroom activities. A total of 68 university freshmen participated in the study. A pre-test was administered and a post-test, 12 weeks after the first test, asking the participants to produce the target 20 collocations. The results showed that students learned collocations incidentally and that frequency of exposure, learners` first language and preexisting knowledge could be major factors to influencing learning knowledge of collocation. It was also discovered that combinations involving non-lexical items seemed to be one of the most difficult areas to learn.

정지용 산수시 연구

박명옥(Park Myong-Ock) 돈암어문학회 2010 돈암어문학 Vol.- No.23

지용은 일제 말 운신의 폭이 좁아졌기 때문에 새로운 시 형식을 추구하게 된다. 지용은 새로운 시 형식, 즉 우리의 고전을 빌어 와 본인이 추구하는 예술세계를 그리고자 하였다. 고전 중에 산수시를 미학적 원천으로 삼았는데 이것은 내용에 비해 형식의 제약을 덜 받기 때문이었다. 내용은 현실에 대한 직접적인 관심의 부분이기 때문에 자유롭지 못했고, 그에 비해 형식은 별 제약을 받지 않았기 때문이었던 것이다. 친일도 배일도 하지 못한 상황에 지용은 불안정한 현실 극복하고자 우리 국토를 여행하면서 현실의 시공간을 뛰어넘어 현실도 과거도 아닌 초월적 시공간을 취한다. 결국 지용은 친일과 변절을 강요당하던 일제의 압력 속에서 자신을 지키기 위해 시간과 공간을 무화시켜 산수 자연에 침잠했던 것이다. 무한히 순환하는 자연의 시간은 일차적으로 공간화의 방식으로 인식된다. 그리고 공간화된 시간은 또 다시 자연 경물을 통해 시 안에 표현된다. 시간과 융합된 공간은 ‘사실 그대로’를 넘어 ‘구성된 사실’로서 형상화 된다. 이러한 산수시의 세계는 지용에게 유토피아이다. 그러나 유토피아는 현실 어느 곳에도 존재하지 않는다. 그렇기 때문에 지용은 산수자연에 파묻혀 시간과 공간을 무화시킴으로써 영원성을 추구하고자 하였던 것이다. The increasingly tight surveillance over dissident literati during the final years of Japanese occupation forced Ji-Yong to seek a new form of writing poetry. His quest led to the classical canon of Korean literature in which he found a model that he wanted to use to portray the world of art. The model he discovered was landscape poetry, which he employed as a source of esthetics because it allowed him greater latitude with respect to format as opposed to content. Since the content matter had a direct relationship with reality that concerned him, there wasn't much he could do about it; however, the new format posed little constraint. That is why he opted for it, it seems. Under circumstances in which he could neither accept nor reject Japan, Ji-Yong decided to overcome the unstable conditions of his time by taking a tour of his homeland. This enabled him to apply the transcendental time-space approach to his activities as a poet in a state that was neither in the past nor in the present. In a situation where he had to fend off the oppressions of imperial Japan, landscape poetry became his mode of expression as it allowed him to immerse himself in the landscapes of nature by neutralizing the effects of time and space therein. Ji-Yong saw nature's time in perpetual motion as a mode of spatialization, as it were, and, in turn, that kind of time finds its way into his poetry via the elements of natural scenery. Space integrated with time in such a manner takes shape as a "constructed fact" above and beyond the realm of "factual reality." For Ji-Yong landscape poetry thus constructed is a utopia, which by definition does not exist anywhere in the real world. And that is why Ji-Yong pursued something of an eternity by, again, neutralizing the effects of time-space as he remained buried in nature.

Simultaneous detection of Prevotella intermedia and Prevotella nigrescens by 16S rDNA-directed multiplex PCR

Seong, Jin Hyo,Kim, Dong Kie,Shin, Kwang Yong,Kim, Byung Ock,Kim, Myong Soo,Kim, Mi Kwang,Kook, Joong Ki 대한구강보건학회 2002 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구는 치주질환과 관련된 병원성 세균 중 그람 음성 협기성 세균 종인 Prevorella intermedia (P. intermedia)와 Prevotella nigrescens (P. nigrescens)를 동시에 동정 및 검출할 수 있는 중합효소연쇄반응 프라이머를 개발하기 위하여 시행하였다. 모든 세균 종에 있어서 165 라이보송 RNA의 염기서 열에는 잘 보존된 부위와 종에 따라 다양한 부위가 있다. 이러한 특성을 이용하여 P. nigrescens와 P. intermedia의 알려진 165라이보솜 RNA의 염기서 열을 분석하여 두 세균 종에 공동으로 존재하는 하나의 프라이머와 각각의 세균 종에 특이하게 존재하는 다른 프라이머를 설계 및 제작하였으며, 이때 설계된 프라이머의 이름을 각각 Pin-F, Pi-R 및 Pn-R이라고 명명하였다. 이들의 종 특이성을 조사하기 위해 두 균주의 P. intermedia와 P. nigrescens지놈 DNA를 추출하여, 종 특이성을 중합효소연쇄반응법으로 관찰하였다. 이때 구강 내 6가지 다른 세균 종에서 같은 방법으로 중합효소연쇄반응을 실시한 결과 P. nigrescens와 P. intermedia 두 종만을 특이하게 검출함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 민감도를 조사하기 위해 두 세균 종에서 추출한 지놈 DNA를 4 ng에서 4 fg까지 희석하여 중합효소연쇄반응을 실시한 결과 400 fg의 지놈 DNA까지도 검출할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과를 종합할 때 이들 Pin-F, Pi-R 및 Pn-R프라이머 쌍은 P. inermedia와 P. nigrescens를 동시에 종특이적이며, 민감도 높게 검출 및 동정할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Appendectomy in retrograde order for complete removal of endometriosis.

Lim, Myong Cheol,Song, Yong Jung,Lee, Dong Ock,Jung, Dae Chul,Yoo, Chong-Woo,Park, Sang-Yoon Parthenon Pub 2009 Gynecological endocrinology Vol.25 No.12

<P>Endometriosis frequently involves the intestines. Appendectomy would be often required as part of complete removal of endometriosis. We present a patient with endometriosis who required very difficult appendectomy. For complete removal of endometriosis, hysterectomy, bilateral salpingooophorectomy, low anterior resection and accompanying pelvic peritonectomy were performed through a mid-line incision. Unexpectedly, the appendiceal tip was attached to peri-hepatic tissue with the appendix adhered to the surrounding peritoneum and bowel. Completion of the appendectomy was possible in retrograde order after extension of the surgical incision above the umbilicus. Our findings suggest that preoperative image evaluation for location or position of the appendix might be helpful in patients with suspected endometriosis to offer correct counselling, obtaining adequate consent, determining the optimal surgical approach and scheduling opportune intraoperative consultation by a colorectal surgeon.</P>

Clinical manifestations in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma with or without co-existing endometriosis.

Lim, Myong Cheol,Lee, Dong Ock,Kang, Sokbom,Seo, Sang-Soo,Lee, Bo-Yon,Park, Sang-Yoon Parthenon Pub 2009 Gynecological endocrinology Vol.25 No.7

<P>OBJECTIVES: The symptoms associated with ovarian cancer are vague. Endometriosis, which causes dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia, is frequently detected along with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). We have therefore evaluated the clinical manifestations of OCCC based on the co-existence of endometriosis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 43 patients who had been treated for OCCC at the National Cancer Center between June 2000 and July 2007. Using medical records and the cancer registry, the clinical features and laboratory findings were analysed. RESULTS: Endometriosis was identified in 16 (37.2%) of the 43 patients with OCCC. The main presenting symptoms included a hard, palpable mass (32.6%), and newly developed or an exacerbation of dysmenorrhea (32.6%) and dyspareunia (25.6%). Gastrointestinal symptoms, pelvic pain, and abdominal distension existed in nine (20.9%), eight (18.6%) and one (2.3%) of the patients, respectively. The symptoms did not differ statistically in patients with or without endometriosis. Thirty-seven percent (11/30) of the patients had a normal CA-125 level (<35 U/ml); 18.8% (3/16) of the patients without endometriosis and 57% (8/14) of the patients with endometriosis had normal levels of CA-125 (<35 U/ml). Nine of 16 (56.3%) patients with early stage OCCC had a normal CA-125 level. CONCLUSIONS: The main presenting symptoms in patients with OCCC include a hard, palpable mass, dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia, irrespective of co-existing endometriosis. A normal CA-125 level has limited value in excluding OCCC, especially in the early stages.</P>

Lower urinary tract injuries diagnosed after hysterectomy: Seven-year experience at a cancer hospital

Lim, Myong Cheol,Lee, Bo-Yon,Lee, Dong Ock,Joung, Jae Young,Kang, Sokbom,Seo, Sang-Soo,Chung, Jinsoo,Park, Sang-Yoon Blackwell Publishing Asia 2010 JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY RESEARCH -TO Vol.36 No.2

<P>Abstract</P><P>Aim: </P><P>The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, patterns of development and treatment outcomes of lower urinary tract injuries (LUTI) after hysterectomy.</P><P>Methods: </P><P>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1443 hysterectomy cases (678 total laparoscopic hysterectomies, 65 laparoscopic radical hysterectomies, 455 total abdominal hysterectomies and 245 radical hysterectomies). LUTI diagnosed intraoperatively were excluded.</P><P>Results: </P><P>The incidence of post-hysterectomy LUTI was 0.8% (11/1443). LUTI were more commonly associated with laparoscopic hysterectomies (1.1%) than hysterectomies performed via laparotomy (0.4%). Amongst 11 patients with LUTI, six had gynecological malignancies. Ureteral and bladder injuries were identified in eight and three patients, respectively; one patient had bilateral ureteral injuries. Most of the cases involving post-hysterectomy LUTI developed within 2–4 weeks. The high incidence of LUTI following laparoscopic hysterectomies, and the time of development after hysterectomy, are suggestive of electrocautery injuries rather than physical trauma as the cause of delayed diagnosis of LUTI. Four of five surgeons experienced LUTI in the first 10 hysterectomies. Proper training and guidance by an experienced attending physician are required when first performing hysterectomies.</P><P>Conclusions: </P><P>The incidence of post-hysterectomy LUTI was 0.8%. Five of the nine ureteral injuries and one of the three bladder injuries healed after double-J stents and a Foley catheter were inserted, respectively.</P>

Comparison of the Abbott RealTime High Risk HPV test and the Roche cobas 4800 HPV test using urine samples

Lim, Myong Cheol,Lee, Do-Hoon,Hwang, Sang-Hyun,Hwang, Na Rae,Lee, Bomyee,Shin, Hye Young,Jun, Jae Kwan,Yoo, Chong Woo,Lee, Dong Ock,Seo, Sang-Soo,Park, Sang-Yoon,Joo, Jungnam Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS Vol.243 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing based on cervical samples is important for use in cervical cancer screening. However, cervical sampling is invasive. Therefore, non-invasive methods for detecting HPV, such as urine samples, are needed.</P> <P><B>Objectives</B></P> <P>For HPV detection in urine samples, two real-time PCR (RQ-PCR) tests, Roche cobas 4800 test (Roche_HPV; Roche Molecular Diagnostics) and Abbott RealTime High Risk HPV test (Abbott_HPV; Abbott Laboratories) were compared to standard cervical samples.</P> <P><B>Study design</B></P> <P>The performance of Roche_HPV and Abbott_HPV for HPV detection was evaluated at the National Cancer Center using 100 paired cervical and urine samples. The tests were also compared using urine samples stored at various temperatures and for a range of durations.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The overall agreement between the Roche_HPV and Abbott_HPV tests using urine samples for any hrHPV type was substantial (86.0% with a kappa value of 0.7173), and that for HPV 16/18 was nearly perfect (99.0% with a kappa value of 0.9668). The relative sensitivities (based on cervical samples) for HPV 16/18 detection using Roche_HPV and Abbott_HPV with urine samples were 79.2% (95% CI; 57.9–92.9%) and 81.8% (95% CI; 59.7–94.8%), respectively. When the cut-off C<SUB>T</SUB> value for Abbott_HPV was extended to 40 for urine samples, the relative sensitivity of Abbott_HPV increased to 91.7% from 81.8% for HPV16/18 detection and to 87.0% from 68.5% for other hrHPV detection. The specificity was not affected by the change in the C<SUB>T</SUB> threshold.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Roche_HPV and Abbott_HPV showed high concordance. However, HPV DNA detection using urine samples was inferior to HPV DNA detection using cervical samples. Interestingly, when the cut-off C<SUB>T</SUB> value was set to 40, Abbott_HPV using urine samples showed high sensitivity and specificity, comparable to those obtained using cervical samples. Fully automated DNA extraction and detection systems, such as Roche_HPV and Abbott_HPV, could reduce the variability in HPV detection and accelerate the standardization of HPV detection in urine. Thus, urine samples may be an effective alternative for HPV detection in women who hesitate to participate in cervical cancer screening programs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The purpose of this study was to evaluate urine as a source of HPV detection. </LI> <LI> Two real-time PCR for HPV detection in urine showed high agreement. </LI> <LI> However, detection of HPV DNA using urine samples was inferior to HPV DNA detection using cervical samples. </LI> <LI> When the cut-off C<SUB>T</SUB> of Abbott RealTime High Risk HPV was adjusted to 40, urine samples were comparable to cervical samples. </LI> </UL> </P>