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Automation of Three-Dimensional Cell Culture in Arrayed Microfluidic Devices
Montanez-Sauri, S.I.,Sung, K.E.,Puccinelli, J.P.,Pehlke, C.,Beebe, D.J. Association for Laboratory Automation 2011 Journal of laboratory automation Vol.16 No.3
The increasing interest in studying the interactions between cells and the extracellular matrix (ECM) has created a need for high throughput low-cost three-dimensional (3D) culture systems. The recent development of tubeless microfluidics via passive pumping provides a high throughput microchannel culture platform compatible with existing high throughput infrastructures (e.g., automated liquid handlers). Here, we build on a previously reported high throughput two-dimensional system to create a robust automated system for 3D culture. Operational controls including temperature and sample handling have been characterized and automated. Human mammary fibroblasts (HMFs) suspended in type I collagen are loaded and cultured in microchannel arrays and used to optimize the system operational parameters. A Peltier cooler maintains the collagen as a liquid at 4<SUP>o</SUP>C during cell seeding, followed by polymerization at 37<SUP>o</SUP>C. Optimization of this platform is discussed (e.g., controlling collagen contraction, increasing cell viability, preventing the removal of microchannel contents), and 3D distribution of HMFs is examined by fluorescent microscopy. Finally, we validate the platform by automating a previously developed 3D breast carcinoma coculture assay. The platform allows more efficient 3D culture experiments and lays the foundation for high throughput studies of cell-ECM interactions.
Julio Ramirez Montanez 한국라틴아메리카학회 2016 라틴아메리카연구 Vol.29 No.4
The purpose of this article is to present an analytical approach on the process of the extradition of Colombians as requested by international courts of justice, with reference to the author’s professional experience in the Foundation for the Defense of Colombians with Orders of Extradition (DECOPEX). This non-governmental organization was a space for the relatives of the persons arrested as a result of the extradition request from a state. The prisoners themselves were held in Pavilion Seven of the maximum security prison of Combita. The primary activities of DECOPEX were focused on four strategic areas: 1] the defense of the fundamental rights of the inmates and their families; 2] the development of a legal strategy at the national and international levels; 3] the lobbying of government bodies with the aim of regulating the legal procedure of extradition; and 4] making known to the members of society the problem that some people had been wrongfully arrested.
( Seung Joo Lee ),( Winson Montanez Gutierrez ),( Hong Hee Chang ) 한국예방수의학회(구 한국수의공중보건학회) 2012 예방수의학회지 Vol.36 No.4
In the course of further shortage of fossil resources and high oil prices, the sustainability of livestock houses is becoming more important than ever. In recent years, earth tempering of stable air by means of an earth tube heat exchanger (ETHE) has attracted great attention as a sustainable air conditioning in pig houses. In this study, we investigate the beneficial effect of the low-cost ETHE system on the reduction of mortality rates of suckling and weanling pigs from the two swine farms in South Korea. Our study shows that the application of ETHE system on a mechanically ventilated suckling and weanling housing helped on alleviating adverse environmental conditions especially during the hottest and coldest period of the year by conditioning the air with its sustainable cooling and heating effect. H farm`s (with ETHE) weanling pig house was about 3℃ warmer than T farm (without ETHE) during winter. It also shows that H farm`s weanling pig house was about 2℃ cooler than T farm during summer. These findings indicate that H farm was warmer during winter and spring and cooler during summer seasons. During spring and summer, piglets housed in a mechanically ventilated housing with ETHE have greater chance to reach weaning stages compared to piglet housed in a typical mechanically ventilated animal housing, since average percentage death rate on H farm during these seasons was also seen more significantly lower compared to T farm. In addition to these, H farm`s weanling`s percentage death rate was also significantly lower during winter season compared to T farm. By providing optimal animal house climate, this study shows that ETHE system is proven to be effective system on reducing mortality rate in suckling and weanling pigs in South Korea.
Extraction of Pectinesterase from Jalapeno Chili Pepper (Capsicum annuum) and Its Thermal Stability
Sonia Marisela Mejia-Cordova,Julio Cesar Montanez,Cristobal Noe Aguilar,Maria de la Luz Reyes-Vega,Heliodoro de la Garza,Roque Alberto Hours,Juan Carlos Contreras-Esquivel 한국식품과학회 2005 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.14 No.2
Pectin from Passion Fruit Fiber and Its Modification by Pectinmethylesterase
Contreras-Esquivel, Juan Carlos,Aguilar, Cristobal N.,Montanez, Julio C.,Brandelli, Adriano,Espinoza-Perez, Judith D.,Renard, Catherine M.G.C. The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2010 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.15 No.1
Passion fruit fiber pectin gels represent a new alternative pectin source with potential for food and non-food applications on a commercial scale. Pectic polysaccharides were extracted from passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) fiber using citric acid as a clean catalyst and autoclaved for 20 to 60 min at $121^{\circ}C$. The best condition of pectin yield with the highest molecular weight was obtained with 1.0% of citric acid (250 mg/g dry passion fruit fiber pectin) for 20 min of autoclaving. Spectroscopic analyses by Fourier transform infrared, enzymatic degradation reactions, and ion-exchange chromatography assays showed that passion fruit pectin extracted for 20 min was homogeneous high methoxylated pectin (70%). Gel permeation analysis confirmed that the pectin extract obtained by autoclaving by 20 min showed higher molecular weights than those autoclaved for 40 and 60 min. Passion fruit pectin extracted for 20 min was enzymatically modified with fungal pectinmethylesterase to create restructured gels. Short autoclave treatment (20 min) with citric acid as extractant resulted in a significant increase of gel strength, improving pectin extraction in terms of functionality. The treatment of solubilized material (pectic polysaccharides) in the presence of insoluble material (cellulose and hemicellulose) with pectinmethylesterase and calcium led to the creation of a stiffer passion fruit fiber pectin gel, while syneresis was not observed.
Rapid physicochemical characterization of innovative fucoidan/fructan powders by ATR-FTIR
Espinosa-Velazquez, Gerardo,Ramos-de-la-Pena, Ana Mayela,Montanez, Julio,Contreras-Esquivel, Juan Carlos 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
Functional food has been highly demanded lately because of its benefits in counteracting diseases. Fucoidan and agave fructan are ingredients that enhance the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut (prebiotics). This mixture has great potential to develop innovative products but it has never been explored before. Because of fucoidan is more expensive than agave fructan, the innovative proposed mixture is vulnerable to adulteration. This research was aimed to assess the accuracy of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (ATR-FTIR) coupled with chemometrics to identify and predict concentration of both polysaccharides in powder mixtures (0-100%). Absorption bands at 1240-1255 and $836-840cm^{-1}$ were attributed to fucoidan and a strong peak at ${\sim}936cm^{-1}$ confirmed the fructan presence. Peak areas were best fitted into linear models ($R^2_{adj}{\geq}0.92$, $RMSE{\leq}3.54%$). This achievement may be useful to certificate ingredients contained in fucoidan-fructan mixtures, preventing adulteration.
Rapid physicochemical characterization of innovative fucoidan/ fructan powders by ATR–FTIR
Gerardo Espinosa-Vela´zquez,Ana Mayela Ramos-de-la-Pen˜a,Julio Montanez,Juan Carlos Contreras-Esquivel 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.2
Functional food has been highly demanded lately because of its benefits in counteracting diseases. Fucoidan and agave fructan are ingredients that enhance the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut (prebiotics). This mixture has great potential to develop innovative products but it has never been explored before. Because of fucoidan is more expensive than agave fructan, the innovative proposed mixture is vulnerable to adulteration. This research was aimed to assess the accuracy of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance (ATR–FTIR) coupled with chemometrics to identify and predict concentration of both polysaccharides in powder mixtures (0–100%). Absorption bands at 1240–1255 and 836–840 cm-1 were attributed to fucoidan and a strong peak at * 936 cm-1 confirmed the fructan presence. Peak areas were best fitted into linear models (R2 adj C 0.92, RMSE B 3.54%). This achievement may be useful to certificate ingredients contained in fucoidan– fructan mixtures, preventing adulteration.