Cytochrome P450 2E1 Activity in a Korean Population

Muhn, Dou-Hyun,Chae, Ji-Min,Bahn, Jae-Yong,Song, Hae-Jung,Kim, Hyung-Kee,Kwon, Jun-Tack,Sohn, Dong-Ryul The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1997 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.1 No.5

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is involved in the toxicity and carcinogenicity of a number of solvents and xenobiotics. Like the various types of oxidation pharmacogenetics, the activity of the enzyme shows a discernible interindividual and interethnic variation. However, no pharmacogenetic information on CYP2E1 polymorphism has been available from a Korean population. The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacogenetics of CYP2E1 polymorphism in a native Koreans after an oral 400 mg dose of chlorzoxazone administered to 128 subjects. Urine samples were collected during the subsequent 8-hour period and urinary concentrations of chlorzoxazone and 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone were determined by a high performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector. The limit of detection in the samples was found to be $0.5\;{\mu}g/ml$. The mean value of the 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone excreted in 8 hr urine expressed as the percentage was 48.2 13.8%. The frequency distribution of percentage of the administered dose excreted as the 6-hydroxy metabolite was unimodally distributed in the subjects studied. However, the values showed wide (7-fold) interindividual difference, ranged from 11.6% to 79.8% of the dose of chlorzoxazone. Thus, it was considered that the pharmacogenetic characteristics of CYP2E1 in a Korean population did not represent multimodal distribution in the 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone excreted in 8-hr urine expressed as the percentage. And the activity of the CYP2E1 in a Korean population seemed to be less compared with that of the Caucasian subjects.

단체협약 위반행위의 처벌규정에 대한 고찰

문중원(Muhn, Juhng-Won) 명지대학교 법학연구소 2019 명지법학 Vol.18 No.1

단체협약은 노동조합과 사용자가 노동조건 등에 관하여 잡단적인 교섭과정을 거쳐 쌍방이 서명 또는 날인하여 체결하는 협정이다. 단체협약은 노동조건 등에 관한 기준을 설정함으로써 일정기간 노사관계를 안정시키는 기능을 한다. 아울러 단체협약을 체결한 당사자가 일정한 위반한 행위를 한 경우에 처벌하는 규정을 두고 있다. 즉, 단체협약을 위반한 자에 대한 처벌규정은 「노동조합 및 노동관계조정법」 제92조 제1호에 설정되어 2001년 3월 28일부터 시행 중인 조문이다. 이 처벌규정이 새로이 제정되기 이전에는 구 노동조합법 제46조의3에 “단체협약에 위반한 자는 1천만원의 벌금에 처한다”는 규정이 있었다. 그러나 이 구 노동조합법의 단체협약 위반자에 대한 처벌규정은 헌법재판소에서 죄형법정주의에 부합하지 아니한다는 이유로 위헌결정을 함으로써 실효되었다. 현재의 처벌규정은 위헌결정으로 실효된 그 처벌규정의 대체입법으로 신설되어 시행 중이다. 그러나 대체입법으로 시행 중인 현행 단체협약 위반에 대한 처벌규정도 과연 죄형법정주의에 부합하는 것으로서 적정한 처벌법규라고 할 수 있을 것인가에 대하여는 의문이다. 다시 말해서 위헌결정으로 실효된 과거 구 노동조합법의 처벌규정을 대체하여 다시 제정한 현재의 처벌규정이 과연 헌법에 합치되는가 역시 의문이다. 실제 집단노사관계 현장에서 흔히 제기되고 있는 것이 단체협약 위반 주장으로 인한 논란이기도 하고, 이 처벌법규로 처벌받는 사례가 비일비재하여 노사간의 균형을 위한 역할을 하는 규정인지도 의문이 아닐 수 없다. 이러한 의문에서 본고를 시작하였다. A collective bargaining agreement is an agreement signed or sealed by both parties through a multidisciplinary negotiation process, such as labor conditions. The collective agreement serves to stabilize labor-management relations for a given period of time by establishing criteria for labor conditions, etc. In addition, the Act also provides for the punishment of those who have signed a collective agreement if they have committed a certain violation. That is, the provision of punishment for those who violate collective agreements has been established in Article 92 No. 1 of the Labor Union and Labor Relations Adjustment Act and has been in effect since March 28, 2001. Before the new rules of punishment were enacted, Article 46-3 of the old (invalid) Labor Union Act stipulated that Any person who violates the collective agreements shall be fined 10 million won. However, the old labor union law s punishment rules for violators of collective bargaining agreements were effective when the Constitutional Court ruled them unconstitutional on the grounds that they did not conform to the criminal justice system. The current punishment rule has been enacted as an alternative to the punishment rule, which was effective under the unconstitutional decision. However, it is questionable whether the current provision of penalties for violations of collective bargaining agreements under alternative legislation, which is consistent with the principle of criminal justice, is also an appropriate punishment law. In other words, it is also questionable whether the current punishment rule, which was rewritten by replacing the punishment rule of the old labor union law, which was effective by the unconstitutional decision, is compatible with the Constitution. It is questionable whether what is commonly raised at the sites of collective labor-management relations is a controversy caused by claims of violation of collective bargaining agreements, and whether the punishment law is a regulation that plays a role in balancing power between labor and management. This is the beginning of this dissertation.

Das Neue Leben

Goag, Muhn-Hoan 한국외국어대학교 독일문화연구회 1961 추 Vol.1 No.-

Cytochrome P450 2E1 Activity in a Korean Population

Dou-Hyun Muhn,Ji-Min Chae,Jae-Yong Bahn,Hae-Jung Song,Hyung-Kee Kim,Jun-Tack Kwon,Dong-Ryul Sohn 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 1997 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.1 No.5

<P> Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is involved in the toxicity and carcinogenicity of a number of solvents and xenobiotics. Like the various types of oxidation pharmacogenetics, the activity of the enzyme shows a discernible interindividual and interethnic variation. However, no pharmacogenetic information on CYP2E1 polymorphism has been available from a Korean population. The aim of this study was to explore the pharmacogenetics of CYP2E1 polymorphism in a native Koreans after an oral 400 mg dose of chlorzoxazone administered to 128 subjects. Urine samples were collected during the subsequent 8-hour period and urinary concentrations of chlorzoxazone and 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone were determined by a high performance liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet detector. The limit of detection in the samples was found to be 0.5 μg/ml. The mean value of the 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone excreted in 8 hr urine expressed as the percentage was 48.2 13.8%. The frequency distribution of percentage of the administered dose excreted as the 6-hydroxy metabolite was unimodally distributed in the subjects studied. However, the values showed wide (7-fold) interindividual difference, ranged from 11.6% to 79.8% of the dose of chlorzoxazone. Thus, it was considered that the pharmacogenetic characteristics of CYP2E1 in a Korean population did not represent multimodal distribution in the 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone excreted in 8-hr urine expressed as the percentage. And the activity of the CYP2E1 in a Korean population seemed to be less compared with that of the Caucasian subjects.

The Effects of Sign Language Video Location in e-Learning System for the Hearing-impaired

Seung Ho Muhn,Kwang Tae Jung 대한인간공학회 2015 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.34 No.6

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of sign language video location in e-learning system for the hearing-impaired. Background: E-learning education is a good way to resolve the inequality of education for the disabled. Providing a sign language video in e-learning education for the hearing-impaired is very important for their learning. Although the location of sign language video is an important factor in the design of the video, the effect of its location in learning using the e-learning system was not studied. Method: In order to identify the effect of sign language video location on the learning of the hearing-impaired using the e-learning system, the prototypes of the system with different locations were developed. Eighteen people with hearing impairment participated in this experiment. Learning presence, learning immersion, and learning satisfaction were used to measure learning effects with sign language video location. Results: Bottom right position was more preferred through preference evaluation for sign language video location. The learning effect with sign language video location (bottom-left and bottom-right) was not significant. That is, the effects of learning presence, immersion, and satisfaction were not statistically significant with video location. Conclusion: From this study, the following have to be considered in e-learning system design for the hearing-impaired. Although the location of a sign language video is not a significant factor from the experiment, the bottom right position in the design is proposed because learning presence and satisfaction is slightly higher at the bottom right position, and the position is preferred from subjective evaluation. From the analysis of interview data, it was also proposed that the design of a sign language video should be improved for the hearing-impaired. Application: The result of this study can be applied to the e-learning system design for the hearing-impaired.

조선시대 농서에 나타난 목면재배기술 (木綿栽培技術)

문중양 ( Joong Yang Muhn ) 한국과학사학회 1992 한국과학사학회지 Vol.14 No.2

프리드리히 엥엘스의 운동 개념 및 그 형성과정 - 자연변증법을 중심으로

문중양 ( Joong Yang Muhn ) 한국과학사학회 1988 한국과학사학회지 Vol.10 No.1

창조경제와 지역: 창조도시의 세가지 원천

문미성 ( Mi Sung Muhn ) 한국경제지리학회 2014 한국경제지리학회지 Vol.17 No.4

창조경제의 개념 및 사회적 의미에 대한 논쟁에도 불구하고 창조경제에 대한 정책적, 학술적 관심이 증대해왔다. 본 연구는 창조경제가 지역에서 실현되는 방식과 원천에 대한 탐색적 연구이다. IT혁명의 영향으로 현대인들의 네트워크는 질적 양적으로 크게 확대되어 ‘연결된 지식’이 창출하는 집단지성, 집단지성이 뿌리내린 ‘도시’ ‘지역’은 창조경제의 핵심 인프라가 되었다. 개인의 창조성이 발현되는 창조도시는 세 가지 바탕위에 발전한다. 첫째, 특정산업의 집적으로부터 나오는 지역의 고유성, 장소성을 기반으로 하며, 둘재, 도시의 다양한 개방적 지식정보연계망으로부터 발전한다. 셋째, 해당 지역사회의 문제를 해결하는 가치지향성과 지역에 축적된 사회적 자본으로부터 발전한다. Political and academic concerns on creative economy have been increased, despite of thedebates on its concepts and socioeconomic implications. This article is an exploratory study about themechanisms and the sources in which creative economy works. Due to ICT revolution and expansionof individual’s networking competency, collective knowledge created by networking and city/region inwhich the collective knowledge has been embedded became the parts and parcels of creative economy.Three sources of creative city is as follows: regional peculiarity and locality from industrial clustering, intensityof urban networks(openness), and value orientations in regional problem solving.

이춘영 ,「한국농학사」, 민음사 , 1989

문중양 한국과학사학회 1990 한국과학사학회지 Vol.12 No.1

초임계 유체를 이용한 미세조류 바이오디젤의 직접 생산

유종훈,문성식 水原大學校 2014 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

In this study, we attempted to evaluate the feasibility of a supercritical methanol process for direct production of biodiesel from microalgae. The effects of various factors such as temperature, reaction time, water content and pretreatment on the efficiency of biodiesel conversion were investigated. The conversion efficiency increased with both temperature and extraction/conversion time. The supercritical methanol process produced a fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of around 88% within 20 minutes. The optimal conditions for this process were found to be a microalgae/methanol ratio of around 1:9, a reaction temperature of about 270℃, and a reaction time of approximately 20 minutes. The effect of water content in microalgae samples on the FAME conversion was also evaluated. The supercritical methanol process was not affected by the water content up to 250 wt%. Our experiments demonstrated that the supercritical methanol process is more effective compared with conventional in situ transesterification processes.