百年來 韓中文學 交流考

全光鏞 韓國比較文學會 1980 比較文學 Vol.5 No.-

The Korean and Chinese literature had been in an intimate interrelationship through centuries since the era of the Three Kingdoms. With the coming of the mid-nineteenth century, however, the relationship began to assume a new different aspect. The main source of foreign influence on the Korean culture was all at once transferred from China to the Western countries and Japan, and China, also, about this time adopted a positive attitude toward cultural exchange with European countries and Japan. Japan by that time was most modernized in the Asian countries. As a result, the literary exchange between Korea and China was forced to be much reduced and estranged after the close of the 19th century. This article examines the proceedings of the literary interrelationship of the two countries against the ever-changing milieu of their history and culture during the period of a hundred years from the end of the 19th century up until now. I devide the period into three stages for the sake of easier comprehension because this period has undergone rapid and drastic changes in the literary scene as well as in the circumstances of Korea. The first stage of the period was from opening the ports to Japan in 1876 to Japan's annexation of Korea in 1910. This stage marks the introduction of foreign works through Chinese translation. "Seosa-geon-guk-ji" (瑞士建國誌), "Laran Buin-jeun" (라란婦人傳) and "15 Sohogul" (十五小豪傑) were among them, and they are regarded as having exercised some influence on the Korean novels in the Enlightenment Period. The second stage was from 1910 to the liberation of Korea from the Japanese occupation in 1945. It is characteristic of this stage that the Japanese colonial policy of obliterating Korean culture actually enforced public harsh oppression of the Korean Language and literature. The increasing contact with Western literature through the medium of Japanese language and letters and the direct inflow of Japanese litterature itself made it almost impossible to exchange literature with China. The third stage which was after the liberation of Korea in 1945 saw a slow resumption of the interrelationship, but Korean literature had in the meantime developed so strong an inclination toward Western literature that Chinese literary works that were translated into Korean were very few. "AQ Che^ng Ch'uan" (阿Q正傳) and "Kuang Jen Ji Chi" (狂人日記) by Lu Hsu¨n(魯迅) and "Wisdom of Life" by Lin Yu¨ Ta´ng were well received by Korean reders and a play by Ts'ao Yu¨ (曺遇) "Thunderstorm" ("Lei-Yu¨") (雷雨) was successfuly put on the Korean stage in Korean translation. In the same way Korean works introduced in Chinese translation were limited to a few. Jo, Byungwha's poem, "Suckawha" (石阿花) and Chun, Kwang-yong's short stories, "The Kapittan Lee" and "A Shooter" (射手) were among them. In spite of the long tradition, of the influence that Chinese culture and literature has had on Korea over ten centuries since the first introduction of Chinese letters in ihe era of the Three Kingdoms, the relationship maintained between the two literatures during the one hundred years of modernization of their countries as seen above proved to be a distant and insignificant one. Yet it is a notable fact that some Korean and Chinese scholars who are engaged in a study of the historical development of the "influence-relationship" between Korean and Chinese literature have produced remarkable results since the 1950s through applying the research method of comparative literature.

단일 영역 열방출량 계산법을 이용한 스파크 점화 기관의 압력해석

전광민,명노완 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

One-zone heat release analysis was studied theoretically and experimentally. A single cylinder spark-ignition engine was used for experiment. 20 cycles of cylinder pressure were taken at 2000 RPM, wide open throttle condition. The calculated amount of heat release at the end of combustion process matched well with the measured fuel energy which is the mass of fuel multiplied by lower heating value.

내연 기관의 연소실 압력 측정을 위한 자료 취득 장치의 개발

전광민,최세진,장원준 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1990 논문집 Vol.22 No.2

This paper describes the development procedure of the data acquistion system that is user oriented. This high-speed data acquistion system can measure the normal cylinder pressure and the pressure wave caused by the knock occurence. YEDAS, the developed data acquisition system for the cylinder pressure measurement, can take about 200 cycles of the engine cylinder pressures continuously at 3000rpm. Also, YEDAS can take 16 channels of temperature measurement and can control the throttle plate. The maximum speed of the data acqusition is up to 150kHz.

Mesh형 내부전극을 사용한 2중 원통형 오존발생기의 온도 의존특성

전병준,이상근,송현직,박원주,이광식 영남대학교 공업기술연구소 1999 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.27 No.1

Nowadays, environment pollution caused by development of industrial society becomes a serious social problem. So, ozonized gas is suggested as a counter plan against the problem. In this paper, a double cylindrical type ozonizer has been designed and manufactured to improve ozone yield by cooling external electrode. The ozonizer equipped with three electrodes(central, internal and external electrodes) and two gaps. Discharge and ozone characteristics are described in this paper by varying flow rate( Q ) of oxygen suppling gas, temperature of cooling gas and supplied voltage.

온도 변화가 교정용 니켈-티타늄 호선의 하중값에 미치는 영향

천경애,임성훈,김광원 대한치과교정학회 2007 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.37 No.6

초탄성 니켈-티타늄 호선의 하중값은 온도 변화에 따라 변화함이 보고된 바 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 온도가 변화함에 따라 니켈-티타늄 합금 호선의 하중값이 어떻게 변화하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 37℃ 항온 상태에서 0.016" x 0.022" 니켈-티타늄 호선을 3.1mm까지 변위시키는 3점 굴곡 실험을 시행하여 하중 시와 탈하중 시의 1.5mm 변위지점의 하중값을 측정하고 이 지점에서 구강내 온도 변화를 고려한 온도 변화 실험을 시행하였다. 20℃ 저온수 또는 50℃ 고온수를 호선에 흘려보냄으로써 온도 변화를 주었다. 저온 실험은 저온수로 온도 변화를 주고 37℃ 항온 온도로 회복된 후에 다시 저온수를 흐르게 하는 방법으로 10회 시행하였고 고온 실험도 동일한 방법으로 시행하였다. 그 결과 하중 시 1.5mm 변위지점의 하중값은 저온 실험 및 고온 실험 후 37℃로 회복된 후에도 모두 감소된 값을 유지하였다. 반대로 실제로 치아에 가해지는 교정력으로 생각되는 탈하중 시 1.5mm 변위 지점의 하중값은 저온 실험 및 고온 실험 후 온도가 37℃로 회복되어도 모두 증가된 값을 유지하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 온도변화를 거친 후 초탄성 니켈-티타늄 합금 호선의 하중 시 힘은 감소하였고 탈하중 시 힘은 증가되므로, 임상에서 니켈-티타늄 호선을 적용 시에는 37℃에서의 하중-변위 곡선에서 나타나는 힘에 비해 더 작은 하중 시 힘과 더 큰 탈하중 시 힘이 적용될 수 있음에 유의하여야 한다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of intraoral temperature changes on the orthodontic force level of a superelastic nickel-titanium alloy wire. Methods: Nickel-titanium archwires of 0.016" x 0.022" thickness were tested with a three point bending test setup, and temperature changes were applied. The force level changes according to temperature changes were measured at a 1.5mm deflection during the loading phase and a 1.5mm deflection during the unloading phase from a deflection to 3.1mm. Ten cycles of thermal cycling from baseline (37℃) to cold (20℃) or hot (50℃) temperature were applied. Results: After thermal cycling, the force level during the loading phase decreased and the force level during the unloading phase increased even after the temperature was changed to the initial 37℃. Conclusions: The results suggest that the orthodontic force level can not return to the initial force level after temperature changes. When applying superelastic nickel-titanium archwires, we must consider that a lighter force than the loading force and a heavier force than the unloading force will be applied after intraoral temperature changes caused by eating and drinking.

<두이노의 悲歌> 試論 (6) : 第三悲歌를 中心으로

全光珍 全北大學校 師範大學 1977 사대논문집 Vol.3 No.-

<제3비가>는 인간의 심층세계에 언제까지고 도사리고 있는 성의 상징인 에로스 즉 <피의 Neptun신>, <피의 가신>의 실상을 주인공 <젊은이>의 입장을 빌어 줄기차게 탐사하고 있다. 이 심층세계란 인간의 무의식의 세계이기에 인간의 입장에서는 흔이 등한히 했거나 이니면 왜곡해 왔던게 사실이다. 그러나 <제3비가>의 작자 릴케는 인간의 내면세계를 꿰뚫고 있는 <혈통의 물살>이란 것을 자주 진지한 태도로 파헤치고 있다. 왜냐하면 인간의 비극은 정신의 비극에서 연유한다는 게 <제3비가>에서 역설하고 있는 경고요 호소의 내용이기 때문이다. <제3비가>에서는 인간과 천사의 대립을 바탕으로 인간의 눈길을 뭐니뭐니 해도 윗쪽인 천사한테 들려왔던 것이나 이제 <제3비가>에서는 눈길을 오히혀 인간 자체의 하계인 에로스의 혈류에 돌리고 있는 실정이다. 말하자면 피의 지옥의 실상을 똑바로 알아차려 참된 사랑의 윗쪽에는 천사의 절대고독이 있었지만 사랑의 아래쪽에는 언제나 굶주리고 있는 피의 고독이 있기 때문이다. In der dritten Elegie handelt es sich um das Symbol des Eros, "des Blutes Neptun", "Fluβ-Gott des Bluts", Rilke ergru¨ndet den Abgrund der Tiefenschichte in der Innenwelt des Menschen vom Gesichtspunkt der Hauptfigur, "des Junglings" aus. Der"Jungling"ist der Vertreter des Menschen u¨berhaupt. Mit anderen Worten, Rilke erhellt mit Ernst "die Fluten der Herkunft" in der Innenwelt des menschen, denn die Tragodie des Menschen stammt nicht von der Tragodie des Geistes, sondern von der Trago¨die des Ko¨rpers. In der ersten und zweiten Elegie reichtet man den Blick nach oben, den Engel hin dagegen in der dritten Elegie rechtet man den Blick nach unten, der Unterwelt des Flusses des Blutes im Menschen, indem man die Urlandschaft der Ho¨lle des Blutes er kennt, um in den reinen Raum der echten menschlichen Liebe aufzugehen. Das wa¨re die Fo¨rderung und das Thema der dritten Elegie, weil dort oben, in der oberen Welt der menschlichen Liebe die wollkommene Einsamkeit des Engelkreises herrscht, aber unten, in der Unterwelt die Einsamkeit des Blutes verbreitet ist das nicht sattist, sondern immer hungert(Jean Wahl). In der dritten Elegie ergreift man eine gu¨nstige Gelegenheit, die Urlandschaft und das Wharzeichen des Eros richtig zu dnkenen, Dadurch kann der Mensch in Erfullung der erweiterten menschlichen Liebe bringen. In der dritten Elegie sowohl in der zweiten hat man die Moral des "Verhalten" gewonnen. Schlieβlich erreicht man das Ideal der reinen Liebe nach dem Vorbild des "Ma¨dchen" oder der "Mutter". Endlich fuhrt das Ideal der reinen Liebe zum "reinen Gestirn". Das ist der Uttypus und die vollkommenheit der menschlichen reinen Liebe.

유도 전동기를 위한 자기 동조 퍼지 제어기 설계

전광호,하남수,박준열,김상윤 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1998 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.2

The conventional PI control, that are used in the control loop for outer speed of the induction motor, also has difficulty dealing with the dynamic speed tracking, parameter variation, and the load disturbance. As a result, the motion control system operates with a poor performance in the motor´s low speed range. In this paper, a novel speed control system that implements the fuzzy logic controller(FLC) is proposed. The proposed FLC used the speed error, its rate of change, and the drive current as three fuzzy variables. The real command output current is chosen by the defuzzification of the fuzzy output extracted from the fuzzy control rules. The flux and the torque of the induction motor are estimated using the dynamic model with an excellent dynamic response over a wide speed range and with the rotor flux field-oriented scheme of the decoupling characteristics. The performance of this control system is substantiated by computer simulations.

Toward A Study of Han(II) : A Theological Experiment of Han

전광돈 나사렛대학교출판사 2003 지성과 창조 Vol.- No.6

The Forgotten Theology. Once Gustavo Guti?rrez critically pinpointed the salient character of Christian religion: "Christianity has largely been, and still is, closely linked with one culture(Western), one ethnic strain(white), and one class(the dominant). Its history, too, has been written from a white, occidental, bourgeois bias,"14) As a matter of fact, Christianity in general is an outcome of Western mainstream tradition and its theology in particular is a product made in the Western hemisphere: one that is exclusively fabricated in the hegemonic matrix of the conventional hermeneutical circle which has long since negated the significant reality of the forgotten people, the forgotten tradition, and the forgotten God in the historical context of the world. The way in which Western traditional theology has been constructed in congruity with the circle, as already indicated, has deconstructed many other ways in which one may discover a number of truthful facts in those forgotten realities, recover their theological implications at the deeper level of meaning, and then uncover a new kind of theology from the traditionally forgotten point of view. Western mainline theologians in this sense are fundamentally incapable of having any room for doing theology with, the forgotten matters, since they are caught up in a vicious condition of the hermeneutical circle where the people are absent, their tradition is lost, and God remains dead.

속도 센서가 없는 유도 전동기의 퍼지 제어 방법에 대한 연구

全光鎬,朴俊烈 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1996 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.2

In the vector controlled induction motor drives which are widely used in recent years, the speed information becomes mandatory. However, installing the speed sensors on the existing motors costs much, and is not easy under certain environment. In addition, several sensor noise can happen to make the wide applications of the high performance vector controlled induction motor drives restricted. In this paper, we propose fuzzy control algorithem for control torque of induction motor without speed sensor. The prorosed controller shows a good dynamic response and decoupling characteristics.

日本의 對 ASEAN進出戰略과 韓國의 對應方案 硏究

田響,李光周,姜太勳 韓日經商學會 1995 韓日經商論集 Vol.11 No.-

The Association of the Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN) is economically important not only as the vast commodity market but also as the provider of natural resources. Japan established her economic hegemony through early advances into this area. There have been the two kinds of assessment on the Japanese investments into this area. One is that the Japanese economic penetration made ASEAN the economic vassal of Japan while the other that this contributed to the economic prosperity of this area.. The present study therefore examines the motivation and reality of the Japanese economic, and political advances into this area in order to explore some sueful lessons in the formulation of our ASEAN strategy. Initially, the Japanese investments towards ASEAN concentrated on resource developments. The pattern of the Japanese investments in the area, however, has changed dramatically in its magnitude and characteristics. In the 1970s and early 1980s, the Japanese investments amount to 400 millon dollars as annual average. It increased 900 million dollars in 1984 and 1,524 million dollars in 1987 respectively. At the same time, most investments were transformed from import-substituting industries to export industries. The investment boom since the middle of 1980s has been due to the high value of Japanese yen and trade conflicts between Japan and the US. Viewing the annual trends of Japanese investments, one can see its annual increase of over 70% until 1990 and its decrease since then. This contrast with Japanese investments towards China which has increased rapidly since 1991. However, Japan's ASEAN investments has increased again in 1994 due to the high value of yen. The decrease of Japan's foreign investments in recent years has been due to the such multiple factors as the disappearance of bubble economy, cosequent economic recession, the increases of wages on the part of ASEAN countries and the emergence of China as an attractive site of foreign investments. Several lessons can be drawn as the result of the analysis on the Japan's advances into ASEAN: 1) The pattern of our ASEAN investments which have been simple assembling production of labor intensive consumer goods should be corrected. 2) Industrial reordering master plan should be devised not only in ASEAN but also in south Asia, and China. 3) Joint ventures with local partners rather than individual investments should be promoted. As for the Japan's political relations with ASEAN countries, Japan was able to penetrate economically into ASEAN as a result of the US's cold war policy. During the cold war periods, Japan could not have diplomatic autonomy due to her pursuit of the US's cold war policy. In the early 1970s when detente began as a result of the US-China rapproachment, Japan was able to have some diplomatic autonomy towards the Southeast Asian countries. Due to the rapid economic advances into the ASEAN countries on the part of Japan, the anti-Japanese riots during Prime Minister Tanaka's 1974 visit to ASEAN occured. It followed closely on the heels of the oil embargo. The demonstrations showed that Japan was alienated from some of its neighbors, whose importance as raw material providers had just been highlighted by the oil embargo. In this situation, Japan needed a new Southeast Asian policy. This new policy was crystallized in the Fukuda doctrine. The Fukuda doctrine enunciated that Japan would play a mediating role between ASEAN and the Indochina countries. Although Japan failed its mediating role because of the Vietnamese invasion into Cambodia, she played a significant role in the peaceful settlements of the Combodian confilicts and in the Asian Pacific economic cooperation. In the post cold war periods, Japan will continue expanding its political role in this area. as a junior partner of the US. Korea should cooperate with the ASEAN countries in order for the US to remain in the Asian Pacific area.