Two Forms of Murine Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 and Expression in T Lymphocytes

Jun, Doyoun,Corden, Jeffry,Seu, Jung Hwn,Kim, Young Ho 大韓免疫學會 1996 大韓免疫學會誌 Vol.18 No.4

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2(cdk2)는 포유류의 세포주기 진행에 있어서 G₁phase의 완성 및 G₁/S전환을 조절하는 cdc2-related serine/threonine protein kinase이다. 최근 mouse의 T cell line EL4 cDNA library로부터 두 가지 종류의 cdk2를 분리하였으며 각각 murine cdk2α와 murine cdk2β로 명명하였다. Murine cdk2 cDNA내에는 298개의 아미노산으로 구성된 분자량 33887 Da의 단백질을 code할 수 있는 open-reading frame (ORF)이 존재하였으며 이는 nucleotide level에서 human cdk2의 ORF와 91.8%의 homology를 나타내었다. Murine cdk2β cDNA는 대부분의 nucleotide sequence에 있어서 murine cdk2α cDNA와 동일하였으나 cdk2α protein의 Met 196과 Val 197 사이에 삽입된 48 아미노산을 code하는 144 bp의 nucleotide sequence와 cdk2α의 3'-untranslated region에 삽입된 490 bp의 nucleotide를 더 함유하고 있는 점에서는 cdk2α와 상이하였다. Murine cdk2β protein의 분자량은 그 구성 아미노산들로 부터 38,978 Da으로 측정되었다. Murine T cell에서 Northern blotting에 의해 확인되는 cdk2α - 및 cdk2β - specific mRNA의 크기는 각각 1.7 Kb와 2.3 Kb였다. Cdk2α 및 cdk2β mRNA의 expression을 murine G_(0) T cells, G₁/S boundary의 T cells, early metaphase의 T cells에서 각각 조사한 결과, 세포주기의 진행에 따른 cdk2α와 cdk2β의 mRNA의 expression 양상은 유사하였으나 그 양적인 수준은 현저히 다르게 나타났다. 즉, cdk2α mRNA는 G_(0) T cells에서는 겨우 확인될 정도였으나 G₁/S boundary에서 현저하게 증가하였고 그 후 early metaphase에 이르기까지는 약간 감소하였다. 한편, cdk2β mRNA는 G_(0) T cells에서는 전혀 확인되지 않았으며 cdk2α mRNA와 마찬가지로 그 expression이 G₁/S boundary에서 증가하였고, 그 수준은 early metaphase까지 유지되었으나 그 양적인 수준은 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과들은 G₁phase의 완성과 G₁/S 전환에 관련된 cdk2의 작용이 murine T cells에 있어서는 cdk2α에 의해 주로 이루어지며 또한 포유류의 세포주기조절에 있어서 cdk2β의 존재와 그 기능은 진화상 보존적임을 시사한다.

Solving the Team Orienteering Problem with Particle Swarm Optimization

Ai, The Jin,Pribadi, Jeffry Setyawan,Ariyono, Vincensius Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 2013 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.12 No.3

The team orienteering problem (TOP) or the multiple tour maximum collection problem can be considered as a generic model that can be applied to a number of challenging applications in logistics, tourism, and other fields. This problem is generally defined as the problem of determining P paths, in which the traveling time of each path is limited by $T_{max}$ that maximizes the total collected score. In the TOP, a set of N vertices i is given, each with a score $S_i$. The starting point (vertex 1) and the end point (vertex N) of all paths are fixed. The time $t_{ij}$ needed to travel from vertex i to j is known for all vertices. Some exact and heuristics approaches had been proposed in the past for solving the TOP. This paper proposes a new solution methodology for solving the TOP using the particle swarm optimization, especially by proposing a solution representation and its decoding method. The performance of the proposed algorithm is then evaluated using several benchmark datasets for the TOP. The computational results show that the proposed algorithm using specific settings is capable of finding good solution for the corresponding TOP instance.

Solving the Team Orienteering Problem with Particle Swarm Optimization

The Jin Ai,Jeffry Setyawan Pribadi,Vincensius Ariyono 대한산업공학회 2013 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.12 No.3

The team orienteering problem (TOP) or the multiple tour maximum collection problem can be considered as a generic model that can be applied to a number of challenging applications in logistics, tourism, and other fields. This problem is generally defined as the problem of determining P paths, in which the traveling time of each path is limited by Tmax that maximizes the total collected score. In the TOP, a set of N vertices i is given, each with a score Si. The starting point (vertex 1) and the end point (vertex N) of all paths are fixed. The time tij needed to travel from vertex i to j is known for all vertices. Some exact and heuristics approaches had been proposed in the past for solving the TOP. This paper proposes a new solution methodology for solving the TOP using the particle swarm optimization, especially by proposing a solution representation and its decoding method. The performance of the proposed algorithm is then evaluated using several benchmark datasets for the TOP. The computational results show that the proposed algorithm using specific settings is capable of finding good solution for the corresponding TOP instance.

Patterns and Predictors of Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Derangements in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Bang, Oh Young,Saver, Jeffrey L.,Alger, Jeffry R.,Shah, Samir H.,Buck, Brian H.,Starkman, Sidney,Ovbiagele, Bruce,Liebeskind, David S. Ovid Technologies Wolters Kluwer -American Heart A 2009 Stroke Vol.40 No.2

<P>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: MRI permeability imaging is a promising approach to identify patients with acute ischemic stroke with an increased propensity for hemorrhagic transformation (HT). Permeability imaging provides direct visualization of blood-brain barrier derangements in ischemic fields. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed clinical and MRI data on patients with acute cerebral ischemia within the middle cerebral artery territory to identify the frequency, patterns, and predictors of permeability derangements and their association with HT types. RESULTS: A total of 179 permeability scans was obtained in 127 patients (59 men; mean age, 66.8 years). Among 179 image sets (82 pre-/no treatment and 97 posttreatment), permeability derangements were present in 29 images, frequently at the basal ganglia (n=23) and rarely at the juxta-cortical area (n=6). After adjusting for covariates, diastolic pressure (OR, 1.12, per 1-mm Hg increase; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.22) and s-glucose (OR, 1.04, per 1-mg/dL increase; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.07) were independently associated with pretreatment permeability derangements, whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR, 0.97, per 1-mg/dL increase; 95% CI, 0.94 to 0.99), malignant MRI profile (OR, 24.84; 95% CI, 1.50 to 412.93), and time from onset to recanalization therapy (OR, 1.47, per 1-hour increase; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.96) were independently associated with permeability derangements after recanalization therapy. Types of HT varied among the patients with permeability derangements (no HT, 4; hemorrhagic infarct type, 12; and parenchymal hematoma, 13) and transient derangements (without subsequent HT) and normalization of derangements (in the presence of HT) on permeability images was observed in several cases. CONCLUSIONS: Permeability derangements, a dynamic process associated with ischemic stroke pathophysiology and recanalization therapy, vary in pattern and evolution toward HT. Several prognostic and therapeutic predictors for HT are independently associated with pre- and posttreatment permeability derangements.</P>

Adult Trauma Patients with Isolated Thoracolumbar Spinous and Transverse Process Fractures May be Managed Conservatively to Improve Emergency Department Throughput

( Kyrillos Awad ),( Dean Spencer ),( Divya Ramakrishnan ),( Marija Pejinovska ),( Areg Grigorian ),( Sebastian Schubl ),( Jeffry Nahmias ) 대한외상학회 2021 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.34 No.1

Purpose: Traumatic vertebral injuries have a prevalence of 4-5% at level I centers. Studies have demonstrated that isolated thoracolumbar transverse process fractures (iTPF) rarely require brace or surgical interventions. We hypothesized that similarly isolated thoracolumbar spinous process fractures (iSPF) would have less need for bracing and operative interventions than SPFs with associated vertebral body (VB) fractures (SPF+VB). We performed a similar analysis for iTPF compared to transverse process fractures associated with VB injury (TPF+VB). Methods: In this single-center, retrospective study from 2012 to 2016, patients were classified into iSPF, SPF+VB, iTPF, and TPF+VB groups. Data including the fracture pattern, neurologic deficits, and operative intervention were obtained. The primary outcome studied was the need for bracing and/or surgery. A statistical analysis was conducted. Results: Of 98 patients with spinous process fractures, 21 had iSPF and 77 had SPF+ VB. No iSPF patients underwent surgery, whereas 24 (31.17%) SPF+VB patients did undergo surgery (p=0.012). In the iSPF group, three patients (15%) received braces only for comfort, whereas 37 (48.68%) of the SPF+VB group required bracing (p=0.058). Of 474 patients with transverse process fractures, 335 had iTPF and 139 had TPF+VB. No iTPF patients underwent surgery, whereas 28 (20.14%) TPF+VB patients did (p≤ 0.001). Of the iTPF patients, six (1.86%) were recommended to receive braces only for comfort, while 68 (50.75%) of the TPF+VB patients required bracing (p<0.001). Conclusions: No patients with iSPF or iTPF required surgical intervention, and bracing was recommended to patients in these groups for comfort only. It appears that these injures may be safely managed without interventions, calling into question the need for spine consultation.

Diclofenac-Associated Hepatotoxicity

Helfgott, Simon M.,Sandberg-Cook, Joanne,Zakim, David,Nestler, Jeffry MediMedia Korea 1991 JAMA-Korea Vol.6 No.2

Molecular risk classifier score and biochemical recurrence risk are associated with cribriform pattern type in Gleason 3+4=7 prostate cancer

Nancy Y. Greenland,Matthew R. Cooperberg,Anthony C. Wong,Emily Chan,Peter R. Carroll,Jeffry P. Simko,Bradley A. Stohr 대한비뇨의학회 2022 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.63 No.1

Purpose: Among Gleason pattern 4 types, cribriform pattern is associated with the worst outcomes. We hypothesized that larger cribriform patterns would be associated with increased Decipher scores and higher biochemical recurrence (BCR) risk in Gleason 3+4=7 prostatectomy patients. Materials and Methods: The slide from patients who underwent prostatectomy from January 2016 to March 2020 on which Decipher was performed was re-reviewed for Gleason score and cribriform patterns, with large cribriform defined as cribriform acini with greater than 12 lumens and simple cribriform as 12 or fewer lumens. Differences in Decipher score were analyzed in a generalized linear model controlling for pathology stage and tumor margin status. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was performed for BCR-free survival. Results: Of 337 cases, 118 were Gleason 3+4=7. The mean Decipher scores in 3+4=7 cases without cribriform, with simple cribriform, and with large cribriform were 0.41, 0.54, and 0.62, respectively. In a multivariable model with pathology stage, margin tumor length, and percentage pattern 4 as covariates, compared to cases without cribriform, simple cribriform was associated with 0.10 increase in Decipher (p=0.03) and 4.7-fold hazard ratio of BCR (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4–56.5; p=0.22) and large cribriform was associated with 0.17 increase in Decipher (p<0.001) and 16.0-fold hazard ratio of BCR (95% CI, 1.4–181.2; p=0.02). Conclusions: Among Gleason 3+4=7 carcinomas, large cribriform was associated with higher Decipher scores and greater BCR risk. Our results support that large cribriform is an aggressive pattern 4 subtype and should be considered a contraindication for active surveillance.

Impact of Reperfusion after 3 Hours of Symptom Onset on Tissue Fate in Acute Cerebral Ischemia

Bang, Oh Young,Liebeskind, David S.,Buck, Brian H.,Yoon, Sa Rah,Alger, Jeffry R.,Ovbiagele, Bruce,Saver, Jeffrey L. Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2009 Journal of neuroimaging Vol.19 No.4

<P>BACKGROUND: Reperfusion of penumbral tissue is a promising strategy for treatment of acute cerebral ischemia more than 3 hours from symptom onset. However, there has been only sparse direct evidence that reperfusion after 3 hours prevents infarct growth. METHODS: We analyzed clinical and serial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data on patients who received endovascular recanalization therapy 3-12 hours after last known well time. Multimodal MRIs were acquired pretreatment, early (1-20 hours), and late (2-7 days) after treatment. Degree of recanalization was assessed on end of procedure catheter angiogram, degree of reperfusion on early posttreatment perfusion MRI, and infarct growth by analysis of diffusion lesion volumes on pretreatment and late MRIs. RESULTS: Twenty-seven (12 men, 15 women) underwent endovascular recanalization procedures at 6.0 +/- 2.1 hours (range, 3.0-11.5 hours) after last known well time. Immediate posttreatment perfusion lesion (Tmax > or =4 seconds) volume correlated strongly with infarct growth (r= .951, P < .001), exceeding the correlations of vessel recanalization score (r=-.198, P= .446) and pretreatment diffusion-perfusion mismatch volume (r= .518, P= .033). Without reperfusion, enlargement of DWI lesion volume was observed in all patients, and extent of enlargement depended on volume of immediate posttreatment perfusion defects. CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that posttreatment reperfusion is the major determinant of threatened tissue outcome, and suggest reperfusion even after 3 hours of symptom onset can alter tissue fate over a wide range of mismatch volumes.</P>

Efficacy of Oral Administration of Lentinula eododes Mycelia Extract for Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Postoperative Hormone Therapy

Suzuki, Nobutaka,Takimoto, Yuko,Suzuki, Riho,Arai, Takanari,Uebaba, Kazuo,Nakai, Masuo,Strong, Jeffry Michael,Tokuda, Harukuni Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.6

Extract of Lentinula edodes mycelia (LEM) is currently utilized as an oral biological response modifier (BRM) medicine for cancer patients. However, its effectiveness for breast cancer patients with postoperative adjuvant hormone therapy has not yet been scientifically verified. In this study, we investigated the influence of LEM on the quality of life (QOL) and immune response in breast cancer patients undergoing postoperative adjuvant hormone therapy. Twenty patients were studied in total. They received only hormone therapy in the first 4 weeks followed by hormone therapy and LEM during the next 8 weeks. Laboratory tests, QOL score and peripheral blood cytokine production levels were evaluated during the study period. No changes in QOL or cytokines were noted after the first 4 weeks. In contrast, during the following combined therapy period, improvements were noted in QOL and cytokine levels. Although a future large-scale investigation is necessary to confirm these results, these data suggest that the concomitant use of LEM with postoperative adjuvant hormone therapy improves the QOL and immune function of patients.

MR Mismatch Profiles in Patients with Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stroke: A Comprehensive approach Comparing Stroke Subtypes

Kim, Suk Jae,Seok, Jin Myoung,Bang, Oh Young,Kim, Gyeong-Moon,Kim, Keon Ha,Jeon, Pyoung,Chung, Chin-Sang,Lee, Kwang Ho,Alger, Jeffry R,Liebeskind, David S SAGE Publications 2009 Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism Vol.29 No.6

<P> Most clinical trials have focused on the presence of perfusion- and diffusion-weighted imaging (PWI-DWI) mismatch by more than 20%, and different stroke subtypes were lumped together. We hypothesized that intracranial large artery atherosclerotic stroke (IC-LAA) would show different PWI-DWI and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)-DWI mismatch profiles, compared with other stroke subtypes. Consecutive patients underwent pretreatment multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging for the acute middle cerebral artery infarcts within 6 h of symptom onset. We assessed the difference in the DWI-PWI mismatch ratio, severity of hypoperfusion, and MRA-DWI mismatch among the stroke subtypes. Of 86 patients, 19 (22.1%) had IC-LAA; 42 (48.8%) cardioembolic stroke, 15 (17.4%) extracranial-LAA, and 10 (11.6%) had cryptogenic embolic stroke. Although the volume of the penumbra was not different among the groups, the mismatch ratio was higher (P=0.003) and the severity of hypoperfusion was lower in the IC-LAA group (P=0.001). The MRA-DWI mismatch was more prevalent in the IC-LAA group than in other groups ( P < 0.001). Collateral grading, assessed in 41 patients, was more likely to be intermediate/excellent in the IC-LAA group ( P < 0.001). Multivariate testing revealed that a larger mismatch ratio and less severe hypoperfusion, and MRA-DWI mismatch were independently associated with IC-LAA. Our data show that patients with IC-LAA had different mismatch profiles, which were related to better collaterals, compared with other subtypes. </P>