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조현기,우기도,Cho, Hyun-Kee,Woo, Kee-Do 한국현미경학회 1986 Applied microscopy Vol.16 No.2
The interrelation of secondary defects, intermediate S' phase and aging condition in Al-2.0 wt% Cu-1.1 wt% Mg alloy is studied by transmission electron microscope. The results obtained in this study are as follows. 1. High density of dislocation loops, helices and stacking faults are observed in this specimen with aging treatment. 2. The number of dislocation loops and the width of loop free zone (LFZ) are increased with aging time. 3. The intermediate S' phase precipitates and grows on the dislocations and secondary defects. 4. The misfit dislocations are formed around intermediate S' phase. 5. It is thought that the helices appear to be produced by the climb of screw dislocations, while the dislocation loops appear to be formed both by condensation of vacancies into collapsed discs and by interaction of helices with screw of opposite sign.
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알코올 의존 환자에서 치료 서비스 조사(Treatment Service Review)의 신뢰도, 타당도에 대한 예비적 연구
조현기(Hyun-Kee Cho),주동식(Dong-Sik Joo),조웅제(Woong-Je Cho),변원탄(Won-Tan Byun) 한국중독정신의학회 2004 중독정신의학 Vol.8 No.1
Objectives:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of Korean version of Treatment Service Review (TSR) in alcohol dependence patient Methods:Forty patients for the reliability test and forty four patients for the validity test were choosen, all of whom were diagnosed as alcohol dependence according to DSM-IV criteria and forty four patients for the validity test had treated for 8 weeks or more. Results:In the reliability test, Test-retest study and Interrater reliability were satisfactory in medical, alcohol, psychiatric problem areas. In the validity test, 1) Alcohol area of TSR problem showed between-level difference, but the other areas did not show significant between-level difference in Alcohol ward admission patients and General psychiatric ward admission patients. 2) Comparing TSR with chart record showed high correlation. 3) Correlations of treatment need with treatment provided were positive in the medical problem area but negative in the other problem areas. Conclusion:The results suggests that several Korean version of TSR problem areas showed reasonable reliability and validity, but this study is just initial step for the development of Korean version of TSR. Further study is indicated to evaluate general application.
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Al-Li-(Be) 합금 주괴의 미세조직과 기계적 성질
은일상,조현기 ( Il Sang Eun,Hyun Kee Cho ) 한국주조공학회 1990 한국주조공학회지 Vol.10 No.5
N/A The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of Be addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-cast and homogenization treated Al-Li-(Be)alloys. The ductility of as-cast Al-Li alloy was increased by the addition of Be and the fracture morphology was changed from brittle to ductile mode. Also, hardness and strength have been decreased by homogenization treatment. The morphology of eutectic structure which consists of α(Al) and α(Be) was changed from lammellae to spherical type by homogenization treatment. The shape of α(Be) phase has been revealed as hollow type by TEM observation. It consists of outer surfaces with well defined crystal facets and the core filled with α(Al). The microstructure of as-cast Al-Li-Be alloys showed coarse δ´, fine δ´, and coarse δ phases. The coarse and fine δ` phases were formed at Be-rich phase /matrix interfaces and in matrix, respectively. By homogenization treatment, the δ phase in Al-Li and Al-Li-Be alloys dissolved and the size of δ phase in Al-Li-Be alloys was finer than that of Al-Li alloy.
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Al-Li-Cu-Mg합금의 조직과 기계적 성질에 미치는 가공열처리의 영향
우기도,조현기 ( Kee Do Woo,Hyun Kee Cho ) 한국열처리공학회 1990 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.3 No.1
Effects of thermomechanical treatments(TMT) on the microstructures and mechanical properties in Al-2.27%, Li-1.28%, Cu-0.63%, Mg-0.12%, Zr alloy were investigated. The TMT process improved the tensile strength. Growth of δ`, S` and T₁phases was restrained by TMT processes while the density of δ`, S` and T₁phases was increased by TMT processes. The TMT treated specimens tend to fail in inter-subboundary mode. The increases of strength by the T-HA processes were compared to those of the T-AHA processes.
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Ti - 6Al - 4V 합금에 있어서 용체화처리 및 냉각조건에 따른 α상의 미세조직변화
강형구(Hyung Gu Kang),조현기(Hyun Kee Cho) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 1992 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.30 No.11
The microstructural alteration of α phase by various solution treatment and cooling conditions have been studied for Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Edge shape α phases were formed when it was the first solution treated at β region and the second solution treated at 960℃ or 930℃, followed by water quenching. Floral pattern structures were formed when it was the first solution treated at β region and the second solution treated at 960℃ or 930℃, followed by air cooling. When the specimen was the second solu-tion treated at 960℃ or 930℃, and furnace cooled, edge shape α phase changed its morphology to equiaxed structure. The second solution treatment at 900℃, followed by water quenching, had fine and homogene-ous mixed structures of equiaxed and widmanstatten structure with retained β phase as martensite. This is considered to be optimum microstructure to improve mechanical properties.
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김동희(Dong-Hee Kim),조진석(Jin-Seok Cho),조현기(Hyun-Kee Cho),이덕기(Duk-Ki Lee),변원탄(Won-Tan Byun),정순민(Sun-Min Jung) 대한사회정신의학회 2006 사회정신의학 Vol.11 No.2
연구목적: 인터넷 사용영역은 다양하여 인터넷 중독을 하위유형으로 나누고 그 심리적 특성을 알아보는 것이 필요하다. 본 연구는 인터넷 중독을 Young의 하위유형으로 나누고 하위유형별 심리적 특성을 밝혀보고자 하였다. 방 법: 본 연구는 양산시 소재의 고등학생 1,019명을 대상으로 하였다. 연구 대상자를 Young의 인터넷 중독 하위유형으로 나누었고, 하위유형의 심리적 특성을 알아보기 위하여 6가지 정신병리 척도(Spheres-of-Control Battery Item, Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scale, Sensory seeking scale(SSS), State-trait anger expression inventory(STAXI), Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory(MOCI), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS)) 들을 사용하였다. 결 과: 1) 남학생의 경우 컴퓨터 게임 중독의 빈도가 높았고 반면 여학생의 경우 사이버 관계중독의 빈도가 가장 높았다. 2) Young의 인터넷 중독 하위유형의 심리적 특징을 보면;첫째, 사이버 관계중독의 경우는 Computer self-efficacy and out-come expectancy scale, SSS 및 MOCI와 연관성이 있었다. 둘째, 정보과부하는 STAXI와 연관성이 있었다. 셋째, 네트워크 강박 증은 SSS와 연관성이 있다. 넷째, 컴퓨터 게임중독은 Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scale, SSS 및 BIS와 연관성이 있었다. 끝으로 사이버 섹스 중독은 Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scale 및 STAXI와 연관성이 있었다. 결 론: Young의 인터넷 중독 하위유형은 각기 다른 심리적 특성과 연관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 인터넷 중독 하위유형별 심리적 특성을 참고하여 치료적 접근을 할 필요성이 있다. Objectives:Because an area of Internet use is various, it is necessary to divide internet addiction into subgroups and to figure out psychological characteristics. Method:Subjects were 1,019 high school students in Yang-San city and they were classified into Young’s internet addiction subgroups. In order to figure out the psychological characteristics of Young’s internet addiction subgroups, six psychiatric scales were used(Spheres-of-Control Battery Item, Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scale, Sensory seeking scale(SSS), State-trait anger expression inventory(STAXI), Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS)). Result:1) Male students were shown to be most addicted to a computer game, while female students were shown to be most addicted to a cyber relationship. 2) Psychological characteristics of Young’s internet addiction subgroups were followings:Cyber-relationship addiction was related to Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scale, SSS, and MOCI. Information overload was related to STAXI. Net compulsion was related to SSS. Computer game addiction was related to Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scale, SSS, and BIS. Cyber-sexual addition was related to Computer self-efficacy and outcome expectancy scale, and STAXI. Conclusion:Young’s internet addiction subgroups are shown to be related to each different characteristics. Therefore it is necessary to approach internet addiction therapeutically which considered psychological characteristics of internet addition subgroups from now.
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고등학생의 인터넷 중독과 사회적 회피 및 DSM-Ⅳ 진단분류에 따른 인격특성과의 연관성
정순민(Sun Min Jung),정일근(Il Geun Jung),조진석(Jin Seok Cho),조현기(Hyun-Kee Cho),이덕기(Duk-Ki Lee),변원탄(Won-Tan Byun) 대한사회정신의학회 2005 사회정신의학 Vol.10 No.1
연구 목적: 본 연구는 한국청소년들의 인터넷 사용 현황에 대한 조사와 아울러 인터넷 중독증과 사회적 회피 및 불안 정도, DSM-Ⅳ의 진단분류에 따른 인격특성과의 연관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법: 인구 약 20만 명 정도의 중규모 도시지역(경남 양산)의 2개 고등학교(혼성, 인문고 1개, 종합고 1개)에 재학 중인 고등학생 805 명(남/여:439/366)을 대상으로 인터넷 사용과 관련된 기본설문을 실시하였다. 인터넷 중독여부를 알아보기 위하여 Young의 인터넷 중독척도를 사용하였고, 사회적 회피 및 불안 정도는 Social Avoidance and Distress Scale을, DSM-Ⅳ 진단분류에 따른 인격특성은 MCMI-III(Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III)로 측정하였다. 결 과: 1) 총 805명의 대상자 중 3.6%(29명)이 인터넷 중독 상태였으며, 51.9%가 인터넷 과다사용을 보였다. 2) 인터넷 중독군, 과다사용군과 비중독군 사이에 사회적 회피 및 불안의 정도가 유의미한 차이를 보였는데, 중독 정도가 심할 수록 사회적 회피 및 불안의 정도가 높게 나타났다(p<0.01). 3) MCMI-III를 이용하여 측정된 인격특성에서는 인터넷 중독군, 과다사용군과 비중독군 세 그룹 간을 비교했을 때, 남학생에 서는 반사회성, 강박성, 자기애성 인격척도 항목에서 유의미한 차이를 보였고, 여학생에서는 반사회성, 강박성, 회피성 인격척도 항목에서 유의미한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 결 론: 본 연구 결과는 인터넷 중독에 빠질 수 있는 위험성이 개인의 사회적 회피정도와 인격특성에 따라 다를 수 있음을 시사한다. Objectives:The purpose of this study was to survey the present conditions of adolescents’ internet use and to investigate the relations of internet addiction to social avoidance and personality pattern in DSM-IV. Methods:Eight hundred and five high-school students(male/female=439/366) completed a standard questionnaire related to internet using. We assessed internet addiction, social avoidance and personality pattern in DSM-IV of adolescent using Young’s Internet Addiction Scale, Social Avoidance and Distress Scale(SAD) and Million Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III(MCMI-III), respectively. Results:1) Of these 805 subjects, 29 subjects(3.6%) were classified into addicted group and 418 subjects(51.9%) were classified into over-use group. 2) Comparison among addicted, over-use, non-addicted group showed statistically difference in social avoidance and distress scale(p<0.01). 3) In personality patterns using MCMI questionnaire, result of comparison among addicted, over-use, non-addicted group were that antisocial, compulsive, narcissistic, scales were significant different in male students, and antisocial, compulsive, avoidant scales were significant different in female students(p<.05). Conclusion:These results suggest that internet addiction may be different depending on their social avoidance and personality patterns in adolescents.
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