자외선과 초음파를 동시에 조사하는 연계 공정의 시너지 효과에 관한 연구

이한욱(Hanuk Lee),한종훈(Jonghun Han),윤여민(Yeomin Yoon),박재우(Jaewoo Park),이종열(Jongyeol Lee),허남국(Namguk Her) 한국지반환경공학회 2014 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.15 No.7

본 연구는 UV와 US를 함께 조사하는 UV/US 연계 공정을 통해 발생하는 시너지 효과를 조사하고, 이를 효과적으로 오염물질 처리 공정에 적용 가능한지에 대하여 연구하였다. US를 조사하는 경우에는 H₂O₂의 농도가 지속적으로 증가하지만, UV/US를 동시에 조사한 경우 H₂O₂의 농도가 증가하는 속도가 점점 감소하여 일정 농도로 수렴하는 포화속도곡선의 경향을 보였으며, US가 단독으로 조사되었을 때 생성된 H₂O₂와 UV/US 연계 공정을 통해 생성된 H₂O₂와의 차이가 오염물질 제거율 향상에 시너지 효과를 일으킨다고 판단된다. 시너지 효과를 검증하기 위해 인체에 유해한 영향을 미치는 가소제 중 하나인 bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP)를 이용하여 제거실험을 실시하였다. UV와 US를 동시에 조사하는 UV/US 연계 공정의 경우 DEHP의 제거 유사 일차반응 속도상수(k1)가 14.81 × 10<SUP>-3</SUP> min<SUP>-1</SUP>로 UV만 조사하는 경우의 2.60 × 10<SUP>-3</SUP> min<SUP>-1</SUP>과 US만 조사하는 경우의 10.34 × 10<SUP>-3 </SUP>min<SUP>-1</SUP>보다 더 큰 것을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 UV/US 연계 공정에서 DEHP의 제거가 더 활발하게 일어남을 확인하였으며, 이는 시너지 효과에 의한 것이라 판단된다. 또한 DEHP 제거 유사 일차반응 속도상수 값을 이용하여 시너지 효과를 이론적으로 계산한 결과 시너지효과 값은 1.15로 나타나 기준값인 1보다 큰 값을 가지므로 시너지 효과가 발생했다고 판단된다. Both ultraviolet (UV) and ultrasound (US) systems are used in degrading of organic contaminants and they can thus be applicable simultaneously as an UV/US hybrid system in attempts further to increase the degradation efficiency. The pseudo-first order degradation rate constants with the UV, US and UV/US hybrid irradiation were 2.60, 10.34, and 14.81 × 10<SUP>-3</SUP> min<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. It was observed that the synergistic effect of UV/US hybrid system for degrading the bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The highest rate of DEHP degradation was found during UV/US hybrid irradiation and the synergistic effect factor (SEF) was calculated to be 1.15 based on the pseudo-first order degradation rate constants. Results indicate that synergistic effect of UV/US hybrid system is closely correlated to the enhancement of sonochemical reactivity with the UV-US interaction of increasing the formation rate of OH by providing additional H2O2 production through the pyrolysis of water molecules during UV/US hybrid irradiation.

미세조류를 이용한 질소제거 장치의 크기

김한욱(Hanuk Kim),이우성(Woosung Lee),이철균(Choul-Gyun Lee) 한국생물공학회 2004 KSBB Journal Vol.19 No.3

기체상 질소산화물을 포함한 2012~2014년도 대한민국 질소수지 연구

이한욱,어세연,박재우,Lee, Hanuk,Oa, Seyeon,Park, Jae-Woo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2017 지하수토양환경 Vol.22 No.4

This study estimated the nitrogen budget, including gaseous nitrogen oxides ($NO_x$), of South Korea in 2012~2014. The nitrogen budget was classified into three categories: agricultural and livestock, forest, and city. To estimate the nitrogen budget, several input and output parameters were investigated, including deposition, fixation, irrigation, chemical fertilizer use, compost, fuel, denitrification, volatilization, runoff, crop uptake, leaching, and $NO_x$ emissions. The annual nitrogen inputs from 2012 to 2014 were 6,202,828, 6,137,708, and 6,022,379 ton/yr, respectively. The corresponding annual nitrogen outputs were 1,393,763, 1,380,406, and 1,360,819 ton/yr, respectively, signifying a slight decrease from 2012 to 2014. $NO_x$ was the parameter contributing to the nitrogen budget to the greatest extent. The annual ratios of $NO_x$ emissions by vehicles, power plants, and businesses were 0.31, 0.31, and 0.30 in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. A change in government policy that prohibited the disposal of livestock manure and sewage sludge in the ocean from 2012 affected nitrogen budget profile. As a result, the ocean disposal ratio completely diminished, which differs from previous studies.

어포던스를 적용한 모바일 네비게이션 앱 사용 중 전화 알림 및 통화 GUI 디자인 연구

윤영준(Youngjun Yoon),정한욱(Hanuk Joung),최용순(Yongsoon Choi) 한국HCI학회 2019 한국HCI학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.2

모바일 중심의 라이프 스타일이 자리잡히면서 운전을 하면서도 모바일 디바이스가 네비게이션의 역할도 하게 되었다. 하지만 현재 모바일 네비게이션 앱 사용 중 전화가 오게 되면 네비게이션 화면이 사라져 길안내 정보를 제대로 확인하지 못하는 문제가 존재하고 있었다. 이를 해결하기 위해 개발된 네전도 앱 GUI 과 본 연구에서 어포던스를 적용한 GUI 디자인을 제안한 후 사용성 테스트(만족도, 심층 인터뷰)를 통해 비교하였으며, 기존의 네전도 앱보다 긍정적인 평가의 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 모바일 네비게이션 앱 사용 중 발생할 수 있는 전화상황에서 네비게이션에 방해를 최소화 할 수 있는 GUI 디자인을 제안하였다.

현장 미생물을 이용한 생물학적 복합토양정화공정에 관한 연구

차민환(Cha Minwhan),이한욱(Lee Hanuk),박재우(Park Jaewoo) 한국지반환경공학회 2010 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.11 No.5

본 연구는 생물학적 지상처리 토양정화공정을 기본으로 생물반응기, 롤형 접촉산화장치(rolled pipe type of contact oxidation system, RPS), 화학처리장치의 처리과정을 통해 유류, 중금속, 영양염류로 오염된 토양 및 지하수를 동시에 정화ㆍ복원할 수 있는 생물학적 복합토양정화공정을 개발·검증하고자 실시하였다. 실험을 통해 현장 토양 중에 있는 토양정화효율이 우수한 5종의 미생물을 분리ㆍ선발하였고, 토양으로부터 유류를 효과적으로 분리하기 위한 계면활성제로는 Anion과 Nonion계 복합제가 가장 우수한 것으로 확인되었는데, 오염된 토양에 계면활성제를 처리한 후 선발된 미생물을 혼합해 적용하는 것이 가장 효율적인 것으로 나타났다. 토양정화조를 이용해 석유계총탄화수소(Total Petroleum hydrocarbon, TPH)로 오염된 토양을 처리한 결과, 5,000㎎/L 내외의 저농도 오염시 28일간 90.0%, 10,000㎎/L 이상의 고농도 오염시 81일간 90.7%의 처리효율을 나타냈으며, 토양정화조에서 배출된 침출수를 생물반응기로 1차 처리하고 롤형 접촉산화장치로 2차 처리한 결과, BOD 90.6%, CODMn 73.0%, SS 91.9%, T-N 73.8%, T-P 65.7%의 평균 처리효율을 얻을 수 있었다. 이후 응집제를 통한 화학처리장치를 적용하여 중금속을 99.0% 이상 제거하였다. The research is intended to develop and verify a biological complex soil treatment process to treat and restore soil and groundwater which is contaminated with oil, heavy metals, and nutrients through experiments with the series of treatment process such as bioreactor, rolled pipe type of contact oxidation system(RPS), and chemical processing system. 5 microbial strains were separated and selected through experiment, whose soil purification efficiency was excellent, and it was noted that anion- and nonion-series of complex agent was most excellent as a surfactant for effectively separating oils from soils. Method to mix and apply selected microbes after treating the surfactant in the contaminated soil was most effective. The removal efficiencies of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH)-contaminated soil about 5,000㎎/L and above 10,000㎎/L were approximatly 90.0% for 28 days and 90.7% for 81 days by soil remediation system and the average removal efficiencies of BOD, CODMn, SS, T-N, and T-P in leachate were 90.6, 73.0, 91.9, 73.8, 65.7% by the bioreactor and RPS. The removal efficiency was above 99.0% by chemical processing system into cohesive agents.

Environmental impact assessment using a GSR tool for a landfarming case in South Korea

Lim, Hyeongseok,Kwon, Ip-Sae,Lee, Hanuk,Park, Jae-Woo D. Reidel Pub. Co 2016 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Vol. No.

반응표면분석법을 활용한 토양경작법에서 TPH 저감에 영향을 미치는 인자의 최적조건 도출

권잎새,이한욱,김진환,박재우,Kwon, Ipsae,Lee, Hanuk,Kim, Jin-Hwan,Park, Jae-Woo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2016 지하수토양환경 Vol.21 No.1

Landfarming that supplies aerobic biodegradation condition to indigenous microbes in soils is a biological remediation technology. In this research, volatilization and biodegradation rate by indigenous microbes in the soil contaminated with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were measured. Soils were contaminated with diesel artificially and divided into two parts. One was sterilized by autoclave to remove indigenous microorganism and the other was used as it was. Various moisture contents and number of tillings were applied to the soil to find out proper condition to minimize volatilization and enhance bioremediation. Volatilization of TPH was inhibited and biodegradation was enhanced by increase on moisture content. Tilling was usually used to supply air for microbes, but tillings did not affect the growth of microbes in our study. Enough moisture content and proper aeration are important to control volatilization in landfarming. Also, TPH degradation was a function of the microbe counts (x₁), numbers of tilling (x₂), and moisture content (x₃) from the application of the response surface methodology. Statistical results showed the order of significance of the independent variables to be microbe counts > numbers of tilling > moisture content.

수중 유기물처리를 위한 광펜톤반응의 최적조건 도출

오태협,이한욱,박성직,박재우,Oh, Tae Hyup,Lee, Hanuk,Park, Sung Jik,Park, Jae-Woo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2016 지하수토양환경 Vol.21 No.1

Fenton is the reaction using the OH· radicals generating by interaction between hydrogen peroxide and Fe²⁺ which can oxidize the contaminants. Fe²⁺ ions are oxidized to Fe³⁺ ions by reaction with H₂O₂ and formed OH· radicals. UV-Fenton process includes the additional reaction that generates the OH· radicals by photodegradation of H₂O₂. In methylorange (MO) decolourization experiment with UV-Fenton, optimal Fe²⁺: H₂O₂ ratio was obtained at 1 : 10. Based on the obtained condition (H₂O₂= 10mM, Fe²⁺ = 1 mM) with/without UV-fenton experiment was carried out. Removal efficiency and sludge production were measured at 30 min. The case of w/o UV irradiation and only H₂O₂ was hardly treated and only Fe²⁺ showed 65% removal owing to coagulation. When UV-Fenton process in optimal ratio (Fe²⁺: H₂O₂ = 1 : 10), UV irradiation showed better removal efficiency than of w/o UV irradiation. Also, MO decolourization was a function of the hydrogen peroxide concentration (x₁), Fe²⁺:H₂O₂ ratio (x₂), and numbers of UV lamp (x₃) from the application of the response surface methodology. Statistical results showed the order of significance of the independent variables to be hydrogen peroxide concentration > numbers of UV l amp > Fe²⁺: H₂O₂ ratio.

Direct Dehydrogenation of n-Butane Over Pt/Sn/Zn—K/Al₂O₃ Catalyst: Effect of Hydrogen in the Feed

Lee, Jong Kwon,Seo, Hyun,Kim, Jeong Kwon,Seo, Hanuk,Cho, Hye-Ran,Lee, Jinsuk,Chang, Hosik,Song, In Kyu American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.16 No.5

<P>Al2O3 was prepared by a sol-gel method for use as a support. Pt/Sn/Zn-K/Al2O3 catalyst was then prepared by a sequential impregnation method, and it was applied to the direct dehydrogenation of n-butane to n-butenes and 1,3-butadiene. Physicochemical properties of Pt/Sn/Zn-K/Al2O3 catalyst were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), CO chemisorption, and temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) measurements. In order to improve the catalyst stability, the effect of hydrogen in the feed on the catalytic performance in the direct dehydrogenation of n-butane was studied. The catalyst stability and reusability in the direct dehydrogenation of n-butane was also investigated. Experimental results revealed that the addition of hydrogen in the feed decreased conversion of n-butane and yield for total dehydrogenation products but improved the stability of the catalyst. The catalytic activity and stability of regenerated Pt/Sn/Zn-K/Al2O3 catalyst in the presence of hydrogen slightly decreased compared to those of fresh Pt/Sn/Zn-K/Al2O3 catalyst due to the slight sintering of platinum particles.</P>