IHDD-GRAND Algorithm for Decoding Symmetric Block-Wise Concatenated BCH Codes

Gabriel,Jeongseok Ha 한국통신학회 2024 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.49 No.3

Block-wise concatenated Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BC-BCH) codes are shown to have excellent error-correcting capability under hard-decision decoding. The variant of BC-BCH codes, namely symmetric BC-BCH (SBC-BCH) codes, is later introduced to improve the error-correcting performance of BC-BCH codes. In this work, we propose a new hard-decision algorithm, IHDD-GRAND, which aims to further enhance the error-rate of SBC-BCH codes. The proposed algorithm uses GRAND as an auxiliary decoder for the IHDD, and it can be efficiently implemented by utilizing the error-confinement property of SBC-BCH codes. It will be shown that the proposed algorithm significantly improves the error-correcting performance of SBC-BCH codes.

Effects of Yoga on Measures of Health-related Quality of Life from SF-36 and SF-12 Assessments: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Gabriel Benavidez(Gabriel Benavidez ),Peter D. Hart(Peter D. Hart ) 사피엔시아 2017 Exercise Medicine Vol.1 No.-

Objectives: Yoga is commonly being adopted and prescribed with the intent to increase a participant’s health-related quality of life. In practice, the current gold-standard health-related quality of life measurement tool is the SF-36 and SF-12 assessments. Therefore, it is important for yoga scientists and practitioners to understand yoga’s effects on health-related quality of life when in fact a gold-standard assessment is implemented. The purpose of this study was to employ systematic review and meta-analytic techniques to examine the effect of yoga on measures of health-related quality of life measured using only the SF-36/12 assessments. Methods: A current (January 2007 to December 2016) systematic review of the Pubmed database was conducted and included studies that used yoga as an intervention with outcomes measures of health-related quality of life measured by the SF-36/12. Ten different measures were extracted from studies including eight dimension scores (physical functioning, bodily pain, physical role function, general health, mental health, emotional role function, social function, and vitality) and two summary scores (physical component and mental component). Ten different meta-analyses were performed using calculated standardized mean effect sizes and random effects models. Both moderator and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Results: A total of 34 studies were included is the analyses with 185 independent effect sizes. Yoga intervention showed a significant positive effect on all ten measures of the SF-36/12. Effects ranged from 0.56 (0.39-0.73) to 0.28 (0.17-0.40). Yoga type (Hatha, Iyengar, Other) moderated the effects of yoga intervention on the mental component (p=.021), with Hatha yielding the greatest effects (ES=1.63, 0.61-2.65). The sensitivity analysis showed little to no bias in mean effect size estimates. Conclusions: The meta-analytic evidence clearly supports the small-to-medium positive effects of yoga on health-related quality of life, as measured by the SF-36/12 assessments.

Automation of Tasks and Knowledge-Intensive Services: A Sectorial Approach to the Impact of Covid 19 in Argentina

Ricardo Gabriel Martínez,Julián Gabriel Leone,Juan Manuel Rodriguez Repeti 부산외국어대학교 중남미지역원 2021 이베로아메리카 Vol.23 No.2

The covid 19 pandemic led to an economic collapse and multiple impacts upon Argentina's labour dynamics. As well as in other parts of the region, falls in employment rates (both due to an increase in unemployment and significant withdrawals from the labour force) were combined with wage reductions for those who were able to keep their jobs. Thus, two important processes for the labour market complimented each other: a structural shock associated with a tasks automation as a reorganisation and substitution of factors, with a cyclical recession caused by the pandemic. The international experience shows the amplifying impact the latter has on the former, generating long-term consequences mainly in routine-intensive jobs. However, the knowledge-intensive services sector appears to be the most capable of cushioning the recessionary shock (both in terms of wages and labour absorption), even with nuances within the sector depending on the extent of the shutdown measures and its capability to switch to remote work. Finally, the task approach is decisive in capturing the ability to adapt both the cyclical and structural processes, absorbing a large part of the explanatory potential that sectoral classifications tend to bring about.

Issues and Identity Crisis: African Adventism’s Self-Awareness among Cultural Diversities

( Gabriel Masfa ) 삼육대학교 선교와사회문제연구소 2021 Asia-Africa Journal of Mission and Ministry(AAMM) Vol.23 No.-

Adventism in Africa has become the centre of global Adventism in terms of its membership. The dreams of western missionaries and local pioneers have become greater realities far beyond their imaginations. But it is never a time for celebration, instead a moment of reflection over collective responsibility to confront the still bewildering setting of the denomination in Africa. This paper ex-amines issues at the heart of African Adventism. The denomination struggles with several issues that put its identity in crisis. The paper recommends a close reconsideration of fundamental beliefs of the Seventh-day Adventist Church as a way to address the distressing situation of African Adventism.

Ultrafast imaging of soft materials during shear flow

Gabriele Colombo,Roberta Massaro,Steven Coleman,Jörg Läuger,Peter Van Puyvelde,Jan Vermant 한국유변학회 2019 Korea-Australia rheology journal Vol.31 No.4

The direct imaging of flow induced microstructural changes in complex fluids can have advantages over the use of scattering methods, since localized phenomena can be observed directly and more mechanistic insights can be obtained. This is useful in particular for materials with hierarchical or multiscale structures such as aggregated dispersions. Rheoconfocal instruments are ideally suited for this purpose but were, as yet, limited to relatively low imaging rates. In the present work, a stress-controlled rheometer was coupled to a fast scanning, instant structured illumination confocal microscope which uses a multi-array illumination and detection scheme. A second motor is integrated in a custom-made rheoconfocal instrument to achieve the counter-rotation of the lower glass plate. The resulting stagnation plane can be moved within the shearing gap in real time and allows the stable imaging of micro-structural features under steady shear. Velocity profiles were measured to validate the performance of the mechanical components, using particle image velocimetry on a sterically stabilized suspension. Structured illumination optics yielded an excellent inplane spatial resolution, while the multipoint scanning allows speeds as high as 1000 frames per second at full frame resolution. However, for rheological studies the 3D structure should ideally be resolved. The mechanical refocusing using a fast piezo stage at high speeds led to deformations of the lower thin glass plate. To circumvent this bottleneck, a focus-tunable lens was incorporated in the setup to acquire 3D image volumes at video rates. The excellent combination of temporal and spatial resolution under flow is demonstrated here using selected results from aggregated colloidal dispersions. The microstructure of a model depletion gel is studied over a broad range of shear rates under strong to moderate flow conditions. The ability to measure rheological properties while imaging the time-dependent microstructure is demonstrated with particles dispersed in a more viscous PDMS matrix. Transient rheology is reported simultaneously with high resolution imaging of the microscopic structural recovery. This novel tool enables the direct imaging of rheologically complex materials under conditions relevant to processing, to elucidate the physical phenomena underlying nonlinear rheology and thixotropy.

Enrichment of polyunsaturated fatty acid content in black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) fortified with squid (Todarodes pacificus) liver oil

Gabriel Tirtawijaya,Jin Hwa Lee,Jae-Suk Choi 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2021 한국수산과학회 양식분과 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.4

A Secular Christ Against the Religious Parochialism of East and West

Gabriel Vahanian 한국기독교학회 2006 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.45 No.-

Screw Back-Out Following “Open-Door” Cervical Laminoplasty: A Review of 165 Plates

Gabriel Liu,Jacob M. Buchowski,K. Daniel Riew 대한척추외과학회 2015 Asian Spine Journal Vol.9 No.6

Study Design: Retrospective study. Purpose: To investigate safety profile of open door laminoplasty plates. Overview of Literature: Few reports have documented potential complications related to the use of cervical laminoplasty plates. Methods: Records and radiographs of consecutive plated laminoplasty patients of one academic surgeon were analyzed. Group1 had screw back-out, defined as change in screw position, and group 2 did not. Results: Forty-two patients (mean age, 56.9) underwent “open-door” cervical laminoplasty using 165 plates. Mean follow-up was 24 months (range, 12–49 months). Mean Nurick grade improved from 2.1 to 0.9 postoperatively. Cervical lordosis (C2–7) was 12.1° preoperatively and 10.0° postoperatively. Range-of-motion was 27.0° preoperatively and 23.4° postoperatively. Partial screw back-out was noted in 27 of 165 plates (16.4%) and in 34 of 660 screws (5.2%). Of the 34 screws, 27 (79.4%) were at either the most cranial (12/27, 44.4%) or the most caudal (15/27, 55.5%) level. Cranially, 11/12 screws (91.7%) had back-out. Caudally, 9/15 lateral mass screws (60.0%) backed-out versus 6 laminar screws (40.0%). Of the 22 patients with screw back-out, 15 (68.2%) occurred <3 months postoperative and 6 (27.3%) occurred 4–12 months postoperative. No statistical differences were found between group 1 and 2 for age, gender, preoperative and postoperative lordosis, focal sagittal alignment, range-of-motion, or Nurick grade. Despite screw backout in 22 patients, there were no plate dislodgements, laminoplasty closure, or neurological deterioration. Conclusions: Although screw back-out may occur with the use of cervical laminoplasty plates, the use of these plates without a bone block appears to be safe and reliable. As screw back-out is most common at the cranial and caudal ends of the laminoplasty, we recommend using the maximum number of screws (typically 2 for the lateral mass and 2 for the spinous process) at these levels to secure the plate to the bone.

Can the Japan-Korea Dispute on ”Comfort Women” be Resolved?

Gabriel Jonsson 한국학술연구원 2015 Korea Observer Vol.46 No.3

About 80 percent of the estimated 70.000-200.000 comfort women Japan took by coercion from 1932-1945 were Korean. The Japanese government claims that the 1965 Japan-Republic of Korea (ROK) Normalization Treaty is the authority to support its argument that the comfort women do not have a claim at international law but they were not even mentioned in it. The issue was long neglected for pragmatic reasons. When Korean women raised the issue around 1990 and the former comfort woman Kim Hak-sun came out in 1991, it emerged as a point of dispute. Japan has given no official apology to the victims. Museums in Seoul and Tokyo focus on victims’ sufferings enhancing understanding. The feeling of guilt regarding an unresolved issue should be enhanced among visitors. Only time will tell if the 70th anniversary of World War II and the 50th anniversary of the Normalization Treaty in 2015 will become an opportunity to resolve the issue.

The Use of the UNIDROIT Principles as Neutral Law in Arbitration

Gabriel, Henry Deeb The Korean Association of Arbitration Studies 2013 중재연구 Vol.23 No.3

This article discusses the use of the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts in international commercial arbitration. Because the Principles are designed specifically for cross-border commercial transactions, the use of the Principles avoids many of the legal rules that would govern from otherwise applicable domestic law that do not reflect the expectations of parties in international trade.