Emerging Market Business Cycles: Recent Advances

C. Bora Durdu 한국국제경제학회 2013 International Economic Journal Vol.27 No.2

Higher variability of consumption relative to output and strong countercyclicality of the trade balance are important regularities of emerging market business cycles. This paper surveys the recent advances in the literature with a goal to understanding the main drivers of these regularities. The literature suggests that trend shocks or countercyclical interest rate shocks are useful modeling tools, but these shocks need to be amplified through inherent frictions to capture these two regularities with realistic calibrations. Informational frictions in expectation formation and search-matching frictions in the labor market appear to provide powerful amplification to trend shocks and countercyclical interest rate shocks, respectively.

Comparison of two different lung ultrasound imaging protocols in COVID-19 pneumonia

Korgün Ökmen,Durdu Kahraman Yildiz,Emel Soyaslan,İlkay Ceylan,Halil Erkan Sayan,Cihan Sedat Aytünür 대한초음파의학회 2022 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.41 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two different lung ultrasonography (LUS) methods that can be used in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to investigate their correlations with computed tomography (CT). Methods: In this prospective, randomized, and single-blind study, 60 patients with COVID-19 were included. The patients were randomized to either the 12-zone LUS group (n=30) or the 14- zone LUS group (n=30). The correlation between LUS and thoracic CT scores was evaluated. As a secondary outcome measure, the characteristic features of the findings of thoracic CT and LUS were examined. Results: The study was completed with a total of 59 patients. Moderate and high correlations were found between the total CT and LUS scores in the 12-zone and 14-zone study groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the lesion types detected in patients using LUS and CT (P>0.05). The left lung lower lobe CT scores were statistically significantly lower in the 14-zone study group than in the 12-zone group (P=0.019). The left lower lobe CT and LUS scores were highly correlated in the 14-zone group (P<0.001, r=0.902). Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that the two different LUS examination methods performed in different patients had similar findings in terms of the diagnosis and their correlations with CT results. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of two different lung ultrasonography (LUS) methods that can be used in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to investigate their correlations with computed tomography (CT).Methods: In this prospective, randomized, and single-blind study, 60 patients with COVID-19 were included. The patients were randomized to either the 12-zone LUS group (n=30) or the 14-zone LUS group (n=30). The correlation between LUS and thoracic CT scores was evaluated. As a secondary outcome measure, the characteristic features of the findings of thoracic CT and LUS were examined.Results: The study was completed with a total of 59 patients. Moderate and high correlations were found between the total CT and LUS scores in the 12-zone and 14-zone study groups. There were no statistically significant differences in the lesion types detected in patients using LUS and CT (P>0.05). The left lung lower lobe CT scores were statistically significantly lower in the 14-zone study group than in the 12-zone group (P=0.019). The left lower lobe CT and LUS scores were highly correlated in the 14-zone group (P<0.001, r=0.902).Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that the two different LUS examination methods performed in different patients had similar findings in terms of the diagnosis and their correlations with CT results.

A comparative investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of thiamine and thiamine pyrophosphate on ischemia– reperfusion induced oxidative damage in rat ovarian tissue

Ismail Demiryilmaz,Ebru Sener,Nihal Cetin,Durdu Altuner,Fatih Akcay,Halis Suleyman 대한약학회 2013 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.36 No.9

In this study, the biochemical and histopathologicaleffects of thiamine and thiamine pyrophosphate onischemia–reperfusion induced oxidative damage in ratovarian tissue were investigated. Animals were divided intofour groups of six rat each, ovarian ischemia–reperfusion(IR), 25 mg/kg thiamine ? ovarian ischemia–reperfusion(TIR), 25 mg/kg thiamine pyrophosphate ? ovarian ischemia–reperfusion (TPIR) and Sham group (SG). The resultsof the biochemical experiments have shown that the ratovarian tissue with thiamine treatment, the level of MDA,GSH and the 8-hydroxyguanine are almost the same as theIR group; while in the group with thiamine pyrophosphatetreatment, the level of MDA, GSH and the 8-hydroxyguanineare almost the same as the SG. Ovarian tissue of rats inthe IR group were congested and dilated vessels, edema,hemorrhage, necrotic and apoptotic cells. In this group, themigration and the adhesion of the polymorphonuclear leucocytesto the endothelium were observed. Both ovaries inTPIR group, there was no difference according to the SG. Histopathology of ovarian tissues in the TIR group wasalmost the same with the IR group. Our results indicate thatthiamine pyrophosphate significantly prevents the ischemia–reperfusion induced oxidative damage in ovarian tissue,whereas thiamine has no effect. In conclusion, we havefound that thiamine pyrophosphate prevents oxidativedamage due to ischemia–reperfusion injury, whereasthiamine does not have this effect. Furthermore, we haveconfirmed that the results of our biochemical analyses are inconcordance with the histopathological findings.

Poster Session : PS 0446 ; Infectious Disease ; Fever of Unknown Cause Which is the Cause of Intestinal Tuberculosis

( Tugrul Burak Genc ),( Yildiz Okuturlar ),( Ozlem Harmankaya ),( Suut Gokturk ),( Bulent Durdu ),( Samet Sayilan ),( Selcuk Sezikli ),( Meral Mert ),( Abaki Kumbasar ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1

Background: In developing countries, tuberculosis (tbc) incidence is reduced; but immunocompromised patients still remain at high risk for the disease. Malignancy and Crohn`s disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GIS) tbc in immunocompromised patients. We present here the clinical course of a patient with fever of unknown origin and rectal bleeding. Methods: A 31-year-old male cachectic patient was admitted to hospital with abdominal pain, fever and diarrhea. The history of the patient revealed systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis and left middle cerebral artery infarction. Right hemiparesis was present. He was on warfarin 5mg/day, cilazapril 2,5mg/day, methylprednisolone 4mg/day, mycophenolate mofetil 2g/day, hydroxychloroquine 200mg/ day, levodopa+benserazide 375mg/day, levetiracetam 1 g/day. Creatinine was 2,79mg/dL, and C-reactive protein was 10 mg/dL. No pneumonic infi ltration was shown. Blood, urine and faeces cultures, Chlamydia IgM, mycoplasma IgM, toxoplasma IgM, EBV IgM, CMV IgM and PPD test were negative. Transesophageal echocardiography excluded infective endocarditis. Empiric antibiotic treatment with ceftriaxone, piperacillin-tazobactam and moxifi oxacin, and antifungal fi uconazole was started. On the 15th day hematochezia occured. Colonoscopy revealed three different massive lesions straightening the lumen in caecum, hepatic fi exure of colon and transverse colon (figure-1). Results: Pathologic examination demonstrated granulomatous lesion. Considering the positive results of Tbc-PCR treatment, the patient was diagnosed as GIS tbc and isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol were started. Conclusions: The ileocecal region is the most frequent localization of intestinal tbc. Colonic tbc is often localized in proximal colon and caecum, and usually associated with ileal tbc. It is rarely seen in transverse colon. Our patient is a rare case of gastrointestinal tbc presenting without pneumonic infi ltration and with an unusual localization in colon.

Effect of etoricoxib on experimental oxidative testicular ischemia–reperfusion damage in rats induced with torsion– detorsion

Turgut Yapanoglu,Fatih Ozkaya,Ali Haydar Yilmaz,Renad Mammadov,Ferda Keskin Cimen,Erkan Hirik,Durdu Altuner 대한약리학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.5

Etoricoxib features antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties concomitantly, suggesting that it may be beneficial in testicular ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage. Our aim is to investigate the effects of etoricoxib on testicular I/R damage induced with torsion-detorsion (TD). The etoricoxib + torsion-detorsion (ETD) groups of animals were given etoricoxib in 50 and 100 mg/kg of body weight (ETD- 50 and ETD-100), while the testes torsion-detorsion (TTD) and sham operation rat group (SOG) animals were given single oral doses of distilled water as a solvent. TTD, ETD-50 and ETD-100 groups were subjected to 720o degrees torsion for four hours, and detorsion for four hours. The SOG group was not subjected to this procedure. Biochemical, gene expression and histopathological analyses were carried out on the testicular tissues. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were significantly higher, and the levels of total glutathione (tGSH) and glutathione reductase (GSHRd) were significantly lower in the TTD group, compared to the ETD-50, ETD-100 and SOG groups. Etoricoxib at a dose of 100 mg/kg better prevented I/R damage than the 50 mg/kg dose. Etoricoxib may be useful in clinical practice in the reduction of I/ R damage on testes caused by torsion-detorsion.

Effect of etoricoxib on experimental oxidative testicular ischemia-reperfusion damage in rats induced with torsion-detorsion

Yapanoglu, Turgut,Ozkaya, Fatih,Yilmaz, Ali Haydar,Mammadov, Renad,Cimen, Ferda Keskin,Hirik, Erkan,Altuner, Durdu The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2017 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.5

Etoricoxib features antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties concomitantly, suggesting that it may be beneficial in testicular ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage. Our aim is to investigate the effects of etoricoxib on testicular I/R damage induced with torsion-detorsion (TD). The etoricoxib + torsion-detorsion (ETD) groups of animals were given etoricoxib in 50 and 100 mg/kg of body weight (ETD-50 and ETD-100), while the testes torsion-detorsion (TTD) and sham operation rat group (SOG) animals were given single oral doses of distilled water as a solvent. TTD, ETD-50 and ETD-100 groups were subjected to $720^{\circ}$ degrees torsion for four hours, and detorsion for four hours. The SOG group was not subjected to this procedure. Biochemical, gene expression and histopathological analyses were carried out on the testicular tissues. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), interleukin-1 beta ($IL-1{\beta}$) and tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$) were significantly higher, and the levels of total glutathione (tGSH) and glutathione reductase (GSHRd) were significantly lower in the TTD group, compared to the ETD-50, ETD-100 and SOG groups. Etoricoxib at a dose of 100 mg/kg better prevented I/R damage than the 50 mg/kg dose. Etoricoxib may be useful in clinical practice in the reduction of I/R damage on testes caused by torsion-detorsion.