Letter by Awadhesh Kumar Singh Regarding Article, “Cardiovascular Outcomes Comparison of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors Versus Sulfonylurea as Add-on Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Meta-Analysis”

Singh Awadhesh Kumar,Singh Ritu 한국지질동맥경화학회 2022 지질·동맥경화학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Experimental Investigation on the Wind-Induced Pressures on C-Shaped Buildings

Monalisa Mallick,Awadhesh Kumar,Kanhu Charan Patra 대한토목학회 2019 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.23 No.8

The present work focuses on the outcome of experimental investigation of pressure coefficients on different faces of C-shaped building models. An extensive experimentation was carried out to obtain a pressure coefficient over the surface of the models of varying configurations, corner curvature and angle of incidence between 0° to 180° at an interval of 30° in a subsonic open circuit wind tunnel. Four different configurations of C-shaped models of varying curvatures were tested. The models were made of perspex sheets. The recorded data of pressure at the located pressure tapings enabled determination of pressure coefficient and the study of the variation of pressure coefficient on the surfaces with wind angles and corner curvature. It has been observed that the pressure coefficient at a location on a surface varies significantly with the angle of incidence and the curvature of the surfaces. Also, the extent of maximum and minimum pressure zones have been found to change with the curvature and the wind direction.

An Agreement Protocol to exploit and handle Byzantine Faulty Nodes in Authenticated Hierarchical Configuration

Poonam Saini,Awadhesh Kumar Singh 보안공학연구지원센터(IJGDC) 2011 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.4 No.4

Conventional Radiotherapy with Concurrent Weekly Cisplatin in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Cancers of Squamous Cell Origin - a Single Institution Experience

Dimri, Kislay,Pandey, Awadhesh Kumar,Trehan, Romeeta,Rai, Bhavana,Kumar, Anup Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Background: Platinum based concurrent chemo-radiation is the de-facto standard of care in the non-surgical management of locally-advanced head and neck cancer of squamous origin. Three-weekly single agent cisplatin at 100 $mg/m^2$ concurrent with radical radiotherapy has demonstrated consistent improvement in loco-regional control and survival. This improvement is however at the cost of considerable hematologic toxicity and poor overall compliance. The routine use of this regime is improbable in developing countries with limited resources. We therefore aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of an alternative regime of weekly cisplatin and concurrent radiotherapy in such patients. Materials and Methods: January-05 and April-12, 188 patients of locally-advanced head and neck cancer of squamous origin were treated with concurrent weekly-cisplatin at $35mg/m^2$ and conventional radiotherapy 60-66Gy/30-33 fractions/5days per week. Results: Overall, 95% patients received planned doses of RT while 74% completed within the stipulated overall treatment time of <50 days. Eighty-two percent received at-least 5 weekly cycles. Grade-III/IV mucositis was seen in 58%/9% respectively, which resulted in mean weight loss of 9.2% from a pre-treatment mean of 54.5 kg. Grade-III hematologic toxicity-0.5%; grade II nephrotoxicity-2.5% and grade III emesis-3% were also seen. Grade-III/IV subcutaneous toxicity-10%/1% and grade-III/IV xerostomia-10%/0% were observed. Complete responses at the primary site, regional nodes and overall disease were seen in 86%, 89% and 83% patients respectively. The median and 5-years disease-free survival were 26 months and 39.4% respectively, while the median and overall survival were 27 months and 41.8% respectively. Conclusions: Weekly-cisplatin at 35 $mg/m^2$ when delivered concurrently with conventional radical RT (at-least 66y/33 fractions) in locally-advanced head and neck cancer is well tolerated with minimal hematologic and neprologic toxicity and can be routinely delivered on an out-patient basis. It is an effective alternative to the standard 3-weekly cisplatin especially in the context of developing countries.

Volume yield, tree species diversity and carbon hoard in protected areas of two developing countries

Victor Ajibola Adekunle,Narayanan K. Nair,Awadhesh K. Srivastava,N.K. Singh 한국산림과학회 2014 Forest Science And Technology Vol.10 No.2

The contributions of Protected Areas (PAs) in two developing countries (India and Nigeria) to biodiversity conservationand carbon accumulation were assessed in this study. Data were collected through field inventory from 12 plots(25 25 m) randomly located in each of the PAs. In each plot, all woody plants were identified and tree growth variableswere measured for trees with diameter at breast height 10 cm. We discovered that the two PAs are well stocked, matureand rich in tree species diversity with potentials for continuous growth as a result of the presence of young trees in thelower canopy. The biological diversity indices compared favorably with other similar PAs. The high above-groundbiomass and carbon of the tree species revealed the roles of PAs in climate change mitigation through CO2 absorption fromthe atmosphere. The difference in their phytosociological characteristics and carbon sink capacities, with higher valuesobtained for Nigerian forest, was attributed to the variation in geographical location, climatic conditions and soilproperties. The protection of these PAs should be enhanced for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation. The perceived challenges in developing countries with forest protection can be mitigated by introducing some institutionalpolicies and rural community involvement in forest management.

A Token Based Protocol for Mutual Exclusion in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Sharma, Bharti,Bhatia, Ravinder Singh,Singh, Awadhesh Kumar Korea Information Processing Society 2014 Journal of information processing systems Vol.10 No.1

Resource sharing is a major advantage of distributed computing. However, a distributed computing system may have some physical or virtual resource that may be accessible by a single process at a time. The mutual exclusion issue is to ensure that no more than one process at a time is allowed to access some shared resource. The article proposes a token-based mutual exclusion algorithm for the clustered mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The mechanism that is adapted to handle token passing at the inter-cluster level is different from that at the intra-cluster level. It makes our algorithm message efficient and thus suitable for MANETs. In the interest of efficiency, we implemented a centralized token passing scheme at the intra-cluster level. The centralized schemes are inherently failure prone. Thus, we have presented an intra-cluster token passing scheme that is able to tolerate a failure. In order to enhance reliability, we applied a distributed token circulation scheme at the inter-cluster level. More importantly, the message complexity of the proposed algorithm is independent of N, which is the total number of nodes in the system. Also, under a heavy load, it turns out to be inversely proportional to n, which is the (average) number of nodes per each cluster. We substantiated our claim with the correctness proof, complexity analysis, and simulation results. In the end, we present a simple approach to make our protocol fault tolerant.

A Token Based Protocol for Mutual Exclusion in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

( Bharti Sharma ),( Ravinder Singh Bhatia ),( Awadhesh Kumar Singh ) 한국정보처리학회 2014 Journal of information processing systems Vol.10 No.1

Resource sharing is a major advantage of distributed computing. However, a distributed computing system may have some physical or virtual resource that may be accessible by a single process at a time. The mutual exclusion issue is to ensure that no more than one process at a time is allowed to access some shared resource. The article proposes a token-based mutual exclusion algorithm for the clustered mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). The mechanism that is adapted to handle token passing at the inter-cluster level is different from that at the intra-cluster level. It makes our algorithm message efficient and thus suitable for MANETs. In the interest of efficiency, we implemented a centralized token passing scheme at the intra-cluster level. The centralized schemes are inherently failure prone. Thus, we have presented an intracluster token passing scheme that is able to tolerate a failure. In order to enhance reliability, we applied a distributed token circulation scheme at the inter-cluster level. More importantly, the message complexity of the proposed algorithm is independent of N, which is the total number of nodes in the system. Also, under a heavy load, it turns out to be inversely proportional to n, which is the (average) number of nodes per each cluster. We substantiated our claim with the correctness proof, complexity analysis, and simulation results. In the end, we present a simple approach to make our protocol fault tolerant.

A Prospective, Single-Blinded, Bicentric Study, and Literature Review to Assess the Need of C2-Ganglion Preservation - SAVIOUR’s Criteria

Suyash Singh,Arun Kumar Srivastava,Jayesh Sardhara,Kamlesh Singh Bhaisora,Kuntal Kanti Das,Anant Mehrotra,Awadhesh Kumar Jaiswal,Manas Kumar Panigrahi,Sanjay Behari 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1

Objective: Joint manipulation for craniovertebral junction instability is often hindered by the C2-ganglion (C2G). Our study aims to compare the surgical outcome among patients with or without C2G preservation and discuss the technical nuances. Methods: We did a prospective, bicentric study and included all the operated patients with craniovertebral junction anomaly. The outcome was assessed by the Pain Numeric Rating Scale, Patient Satisfactions Score, and Stony Brook Scar Evaluation Scale. The fusion was assessed using Lenke fusion grade. Results: One hundred seventy-one patients (88 in group A and 83 in group B) were included. The most common symptom was spastic quadriparesis (n=165, 96.5%) with median Nurick grade 3.3. Thirteen patients had suboccipital numbness and 12 patients had paraesthesia. Mean blood loss in group A was 490±96.2 mL and group B was 525±45.7 mL; median operative time was 217.9 and 162.2 minutes in the groups A and B, respectively (p<0.05). At the follow-up (median, 46.8 months), Lenke fusion grade A was achieved in 92.4% and grade B in 7.6%. A trend suggesting better functional outcomes (numbness, parestheisa, scar outcome, and postoperative ulcer formation) in group A was seen with all 6 patients, who underwent O-C2 fixation, developed pressure sore. Conclusion: Our results support ganglion preservation, especially in the subset of patients where occipital plating is required. Although the study fails to show any statistical significance, we suggest that one should always start with an ‘intent’ of preservation as the functional outcome is better.

Incidental Diagnosis of Carcinoma of the Bladder Due to Uptake of $^{99m}Tc$-MDP

Damle, Nishikant A.,Mishra, Rohini,Subbarao, Kiran,Singh, Prabhjot,Das, Nitendra Lal,Pandey, Dinesh Chand,Gautam, Awadhesh Kumar The Korea Society of Nuclear Medicine 2012 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.46 No.2

A Universal Craniometric Index for Establishing the Diagnosis of Basilar Invagination

Jayesh Sardhara,Sanjay Behari,Suyash Singh,Arun K. Srivastava,Gaurav Chauhan,Hira Lal,Kuntal K. Das,Kamlesh Singh Bhaisora,Anant Mehrotra,Prabhakar Mishra,Awadhesh K. Jaiswal 대한척추신경외과학회 2021 Neurospine Vol.18 No.1

Objective: The conventional criteria for defining the basilar invagination (BI) focus on the relationship of odontoid tip to basion and opisthion, landmarks that are intrinsically variable especially in presence of occipitalised atlas. A universal single reference line is proposed that helps in unequivocally establishing the diagnosis of BI, may be relevant in establishing both Goel types A and B BI, as well as in differentiating a ‘very high’ from ‘regular’ BI. Methods: Study design – case-control study. In 268 patients (group I with BI [n=89] including Goel type A BI [n=66], Goel type B BI [n=23], and group II controls [n=179]), the perpendicular distance between odontoid tip and line subtended between posterior tip of hard palate-internal occipital protuberance (P-IOP line) was measured. Logistic regression analysis determined factors influencing the proposed parameter (p<0.05). Results: In patients with a ‘very high’ BI (n=5), the odontoid tip intersected/or was above the P-IOP line. In patients with a ‘regular’ BI (n=84), the odontoid tip was 6.56±3.9mm below the P-IOP line; while in controls, this distance was 12.53±4.28 mm (p<0.01). In Goel type A BI, the distance was 7.01±3.78 mm and in type B BI, it was 5.07±4.19 mm (p=0.004). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis identified 9.0 mm (8.92–9.15 mm) as the cut-point for diagnosing BI using the odontoid tip-P-IOP line distance as reference. Conclusion: The odontoid tip either intersecting the P-IOP line (very high BI) or being <9 mm below the P-IOP line (Goel types A and B BI) is recommended as highly applicable criteria to establish the diagnosis of BI. This parameter may be useful in establishing the diagnosis in all varieties of BI.