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열처리와 생장점 배양 및 항바이러스제 처리에 의한 포도 GLRaV-3의 무독화효과
김현란,정재동,박진우,최용문,임명순,Kim, Hyun-Ran,Chung, Jae-Dong,Park, Jin-Woo,Choi, Yong-Mun,Yiem, Myoung-Soon 한국식물생명공학회 2003 식물생명공학회지 Vol.30 No.2
Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3(GLRaV-3) is one of the most severe pathogens for viral diseases found in Korea. This study was conducted to establish the virus-free stock production system for the virus disease control. The effects of thermotherapy, merestem culture and chemotheratpy to eliminate the GLRaV-3 in gratevines were tested. Thermotherapy at 37$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ for 6∼8 weeks combined with 0.5∼1.0mm size of meristem culture method was the most effective for virus elimination. Thermotherapy alone was not effective. In chemotheratpy, DHT and Amantadine (20, 40mg/L) treatment in medium was more effective than Ribavirin to eliminate the GLRaV-3 in grapevine. However, Ribavirin spraying to potted was not available for virus elimination. Therefore, virus-free stock production system using the thermotherapy combined with shoot apical meristem culture was the most effective in grapevine.
꼬마배나무이 (Cacopsylla pyricola) 저항성 배 육종재료 탐색
신일섭 ( Il Sheob Shin ),김동순 ( Dong Soon Kim ),홍성식 ( Seong Sik Hong ),김정희 ( Jeong Hee Kim ),조강희 ( Kang Hee Cho ),김세희 ( Se Hee Kim ),김현란 ( Hyun Ran Kim ),김대현 ( Dae Hyun Kim ),홍세진 ( Se Jin Hong ),황정환 ( Jeo 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.5
Breeding for pear resistance to pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola) is one of important objective of the National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science breeding program. One hundred thirty three accessions from 15 Asian, Chinese and European pear species were investigated for their resistance against pear psylla. The pear psylla resistance was determined based on the following four characteristics: overwintering adult population, the number of eggs and nymphs, and the degree of soot. The different pear species showed varied resistance to pear psylla. Pyrus calleryana and P. betulaefolia indicated the highest antixenosis as ovipositional preference and antibiosis as nymphal feeding and were the most resistant genetic resources. Likewise the European pears (P. communis), ``Conference`` and ``Cascade``, exhibited little occurrence and damage by pear psylla. These were proved to be promising genetic materials for breeding resistant cultivars because they had good fruit quality and showed resistance to pear paylla. The observed population of overwintering adult, the number of eggs and nymphs of psylla had significant correlation each other.
중세 유럽 사회의 여성에 대한 이중적 태도: 혐오(misogyny)와 숭배(cult) -사회구조적,제도적 요인을 중심으로-
김현란 ( Hyun Ran Kim ) 한국서양중세사학회 2011 西洋中世史硏究 Vol.0 No.27
One of the causes of misogyny in medieval Europe was a viewpoint of women as the daughters of Eve who seduced a man to be decadent. The negative ideas about women were formed into misogyny and maintained throughout the Middle Ages. Misogyny was more intensified among the religious men and the Church leaders around the twelfth century. Ironically, the cult of women also spread among medieval men in the same period and the objects of the cult of women were limited to the rich aristocratic and upper class women. Then how and why did misogyny and the cult of women ambivalently exist? Above all, the immediate reason for the ambiguous attitudes toward women in medieval Europe can be seen in the structural or institutional changes around the eleventh century. For instance, a lot of medieval men and women were estranged from inheritance and marriage by primogeniture. Medieval men`s sexual desires were suppressed by a series of religious regulations such as the Gregorian reform. After the establishment of primogeniture, medieval men, segregated from inheritance of titles and lands, became priests and knights that composed a new rising class. The intensified misogyny as well as the cult of women was a by-product in the process of these medieval men to join the mainstream ruling class. Medieval men who wanted to rise as clergymen saw the religious women in rivalry for leadership through the eyes of distrust and aversion. The poor wandering knights eager for money and lands looked for rich heiresses to marry by admiring women with much adoration. Therefore, the double attitudes toward medieval women were a strategic difference between the priests and knights to rise in the world rather than a contradiction. In this process, it was women that were thoroughly estranged and discriminated from their communities. However, medieval women resisted in their own ways rather than helplessly succumb to the male dominance. Some women rejected traditional ways of living through marriage and childbearing by pursuing independent life. A number of women chose to become religious women by joining religious houses and the beguines, creating their new identities by showing their ardent faith. Women`s religious fervor around the twelfth century was truly encouraged by the cult of Virgin Mary, but partly driven by their dissatisfaction with the religious and social systems ruled by men. The evidence of medieval women`s resistance against male domination and their struggles with men for religious leadership can be found in that substantial number of women joined the Waldensians and Cathars that allowed them to preach. In fact, some of them preached as clergies. Some religious women even tried to prove their faith equal to that of men through their extreme asceticism like fasting. Medieval women also pursued economic independence by engaging in commerce and handicrafts, rendering aid to the poor in charity. Of course, it is hard to say that there existed feminists who worked for women`s rights in a modern standard. However, it is certain that a lot of women struggled to give their own voice in a male dominated society, endeavoring to show their capabilities as an equal member of the Christianity.