Kant의 美의 分析論

金容民 建國大學校 人文科學硏究所 1980 인문과학논총 Vol.13 No.-

Ⅰ. Grundfrage der Ästhetik.Ⅱ Kant erkannte, daB die Dinge nicht an sich ästhetisch sind daB es unabhähgig von unserer Betrachtung nichts Schönes oder Erhabenes gibt, so wenig wie das Gute unabhängig vom Willen, die Wahrheit unabhängig vom Verstande, die sinnlichen der Dinge unabhängig von unseren Sinnen existieren. Das ästhetische ist eine gewisse Vorstellungsart in uns, es ist eine Eigentmlichkeit nicht der Dinge, sondern unserer Vorstellung, d.h. ein Prädikat, das wir mit der letzteren verbinden; darum lautet die kritische Grundfrage nicht: wie sind ästhetische Dinge, sondern: wie sind ästhetische Urteile Möglich? Dir Begründung welche die Aufgabe der zweiten Untersuchung ausmacht, geschieht durch die "Deduktion der reinen ästchetischen Urteile." Kant uterscheidet zwei Arten der ästhetischen Vorstellung oder der Prädikate des ästhetischen Urteils: das Schöne und das Erhabene. Jedes Urteil ist, wie uns die transzendentale Logik in ihrer Kategorientafel gelehrt hat, durch die vier Merkmale der Qualität, Ouantität, Relation und Modalität bestimmt. Dies insbesondere die des Schönen, diese vier Fragen zu beantworten haben: was ist das Geschmacksurteil in Ansehung seiner Qualität, Quantität, Relation und Modalität? Ⅱ. Die Analytik des Schönen 1. Das Uniteressierte Wohlgefallen Das Geochmacksurteil, der Qualität nach betrachtet. Das prädikat schön ist allemal der Ausdruck eines Wohlgefallens, das wir an einer Vorstellung empfinden und darum derselben derselben zuschreiben. Jede Beurteillung eines Gegenstandes Zum Schluss behauptet Kant,daB Idealismus der natürlichen ZweckmäBigket das Prinzip des einzigen ästhetischen Urteils und zugleich eine Technik ist, das Problem der Antinomie aufzulösen. Wegen der Bedingung der bestimmten Druckseiten habe ich die obengenannten Probleme nur auf diese Weise skizziert. In dieser Abhandlung habe ich nur den Teil "Analytik des Schönen" behandelt, der ein seh?? wichtiger Gedanke der kantischen Ästhetik ist, weil manche Theorien der späterer Künstler in diesem Teil ihren Ursprung gefunden haben. Ⅲ. Schlussbemerkung Kant erkannte, daβdas Wesen der Schonhert eine Form der absichtlosen Zwechmaβigkeit ist. Kants Asthetik wird deswegen als die formale Asthetik bezeichnet. Das Schone ist Autonomisches, das weder aus Erkenntnischem noch aus Moralischem hervorkommt. Kant betont deshalb die Autonomie der Schonheit vor allem. Die kantische Vernunft bedeutet die Fahigkeit des Menschen, was frei zu entwerfen und dieser freie Entwurf tragt einen a priori schopferischen Charakter. Aber dieser Entwurf muss durch das Experiment bestatigt werden. Der Grundzug der gegenwärtigen Ästhetik ist Experimentales und das Prinzip des selbständigen Entwurfes der Vernunft kommt zur ursprünglich schöpferischen Form der Asthetik zuruck. Folglich wird das Grundwesen der gegenwartigen Asthetik als "formal" und "experimental" bezeichnet und dieses Wesen ist im kantischen Gedanken enthalten.

후방 척추 감압술 후 혈종에 의해 발생한 신경 압박증에서의 조기 감압술

김용민,원중희,최의성,조병기 대한척추외과학회 2002 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.9 No.4

취업자 구성으로 본 일본의 지역산업 구조변화

김용민 한일경상학회 2021 한일경상논집 Vol.93 No.-

Purpose: This study aims to analyze changes in the structure of local industries through changes in the number of employees by industry in Japan. This is to reason out the characteristics of the region through changes in the employment composition and labor productivity, noting that the region’s unique industrial structure is formed due to the natural environment and geographical conditions. Research design, data, and methodology: This study aims to characterize changes in the structure of local industries. The local economy varies in the pattern of changes in production structure depending on the type of production activity. To determine this, first, research design examines the situation of Japanese industrial structure. Second, the changes in local industries would be identified through changes in the composition of employees in each industry. Third, the relation with population changes that affect changes in industrial structure would be analyzed. Results: This study identified the characteristics of the local industrial structure by using variables such as employment composition, labor productivity, and population growth. As a result, first, the proportion of employed people in each industry was changing rapidly. Second, industrial structure change patterns appeared differently in areas of secondary industries and areas of tertiary industries. Third, there was a correlation between the rate of increase and decrease in population and employment. Each industry affected regional population changes in population inflow areas and population outflow areas in different ways, although the level of degree that regional population changes affects each industry was different. Implications: Industrial structure changes due to the various factors such as social structure. In particular, the composition of the local population by age plays an important role. This is because in the population inflow area, a virtuous cycle that attracts the new population is created by the ripple effect of the industry, but on the contrary, in the population outflow area, the decline of the industry quickly appears and it leads to a vicious cycle of the local economy.

도쿄 특별구의 인구 유입과 유출 분석

김용민 한일경상학회 2021 한일경상논집 Vol.90 No.-

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze the factors of inflow and outflow of the population in Tokyo special wards. 11% of Japanese population is focused in Tokyo and 70% of Tokyo citizens are living in Tokyo special wards. These days, the population inflow which causes an increase in the population of Tokyo special wards is larger than outflow. In this point, it is meaningful to analyze net inflow and outflow of the population in Tokyo special wards. Research design, data, and methodology: In this research, the setting of variables which represent the circumstance of Tokyo special wards is important. Because the result of research depends on the variable setting. The variables are set to indicate the economic and social factors. Also, It is considered that external diseconomies such as increased land values and housing cost are resulted from the unbalance of supply and demand caused by continuous population inflow. Results: First, the population density is the strongest variable on inflow and outflow of the population. Inflow and outflow of the population is mostly prompted by young people. Second, outflow of the population is mainly caused by the age group between 25 and 39 in which people usually care their children. Third, the social factors affect outflow of population more than the economic factors do. Fourth, the average land value is one of the factor in population change. Inflow and outflow of the population in special wards are mainly caused by young people affected from economic and social factors. Population inflow is caused from the cities in metropolitan area where the people tend to move into Tokyo special wards. Implications: Population density is the main factor of inflow and outflow of the population. The fact that population moving is largely prompted by young people and especially women lead to meaningful results. Comparing to non-capital area, lots of universities, major companies, regular working positions, service businesses are located in metropolitan area, and those are act as factors of movement of population. Most of all, people from non-capital area are flowing into Tokyo special wards to broaden their opportunity of university and job.

GaAs 이중 양자우물구조에서 고자기장에 유도된 대전된 엑시톤의 발생

김용민 조선대학교 기초과학연구원 2009 조선자연과학논문집 Vol.2 No.4

방사선작업종사자가 UO2 및 U3O8의 우라늄 화합물을 흡입한 경우 ICRP-78 및 ICRP-137에 근거한 예탁유효선량 평가결과 비교

김용민 대한방사선방어학회 2021 대한방사선방어학회 학술발표회 논문요약집 Vol.2021 No.04

Slot Die 코팅 공정의 모델 예측 제어를 위한 최적화 기법

김용민,강지훈 한국신뢰성학회 2021 한국신뢰성학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.6

다양한 코팅 공정 중에 Slot Die 코팅 공정은 높은 정밀도와 빠른 생산속도로 인해 디스플레이나 이차전지 산업 등에서 많이 사용되고 있다. 코팅품질의 척도로 금속 박막 위에 도포된 슬러리의 양이 사용되며, 도포된 슬러리의 두께가 얇고 균일할수록 높은 품질을 가진다. 화학 공학 분야에서는 Slot Die 코팅 공정의 자동화와 품질향상을 위해 적절한 운영 변수를 찾으려는 연구가 진행되고 있지만, Slot Die 코팅 공정의 물리적 현상과 해석의 어려움으로 인해 아직까지 작업자를 통해 공정이 운영되고 있으며 작업자의 숙련도의 따라 품질 편차가 발생하는 문제점을 안고 있다. 이에 본연구에서는 코팅 공정에서 발생하는 물리적 현상을 고려한 식과 머신러닝 기법을 결합하여 Slot Die 코팅 공정의 자동화를 위한 최적화 기법을 제시하고, 시뮬레이션을 통해 성능을 검증하였다.

ChatGPT를 활용한 창업정보 품질이 예비창업자 정보만족에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 대전지역 창업동아리를 중심으로

김용민 대전대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2024 인문사회과학논문집 Vol.3 No.1

2022년 11월 30일 ChatGPT 초기 베타 버전의 등장은 세상에 누구나 AI(인공지능)를 활용하여 필요한 정보를 생산할 수 있음을 알렸다. 영화나 공상과학 소설에서나 볼 수 있는 일들이 현실 세계에 적용될 수 있음을 보여준 혁명과도 같은 일이 일어난 것이다. 이를 활용한다면 결과적으로 인류는 낭비되는 시간을 절약할 수 있어서 더 집중적으로 문제해결에 노력할 수 있어 효율성과 효과성릏 크게 향상시킬 수 있게 되었다. AI(인공지능)기술의 등장은 사회 전반에 걸쳐 혁명적 혁신을 가져오고 있다. 제조분야, 물류분야 및 농·어업 등 다양한 산업분야에서 인간의 노동력을 대체하거나 보조하며 효율성을 높이고 있다. 일상생활에서도 AI(인공지능)는 사용자의 생활패턴을 분석하여 에너지절약, 보안강화, 편리성 증대 등에 깊이 관여하면서 사용자 데이터를 기반으로 개인화된 서비스를 제공하고 있다. 이처럼 AI(인공지능)기술의 활용은 선택이 아닌 필수로 자리잡고 있는 상황하에서 ChatGPT의 등장은 AI(인공지능)의 생활화를 앞당기게 되었고 결국 없던 시절로 되돌아가 기 어려운 생활 필수품으로 자리잡고 있다. AI(인공지능)로 대표되는 4차산업혁명시대에 있어 기술들은 결국 노동현장의 변화를 초래하게 되었고 더이상 높은 급여와 함께 안정성을 제공하는 일자리는 없다고 할 수 있을 것이다. 이런 경제환경하에서 대학생들은 전공이라는 전문화된 역량을 갖추고 이에 열의와 열정을 더해 창업의 성공 가능성을 높혀가고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 대학생 예비창업자의 창업관련 정보의 획득과 관련하여 AI(인공지능)기술의 생활화라 볼 수 있는 ChatGPT를 활용한 정보획득에 있어 정보품질 구성요인을 분석하고 이들 요인이 예비창업자 정보만족 요인인 재이용에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이는 기존 검색엔진을 통해 정보를 획득하여 정 보만족과의 관련성을 비교한 연구들과의 차이점을 제시할 수 있을 것이며 새로운 정보획득 영역을 개척하는 일이 될 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구는 연구주제를 중심으로 선행연구 및 연구모형을 작성하고 이를 설문화하였다. 이를 대전소재 대학생 200명을 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하였고 불성실한 설문자료를 제외한 195부를 연구에 사용하였다. ChatGPT를 활용해 획득된 정보의 품질요인으로 정확성, 완전성, 일관성, 적시성, 신뢰성의 5가지 요인을 선정하고 이들 요인이 정보만족 요인인 재이용 간의 관련성을 분석하였다. 연구결과 적시성, 완전성, 일관성 요인은 재이용에 요인에 영향을 미치고 있었으나, 정확성, 신뢰성 요인은 재이용 요인에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 ChatGPT의 활용은 손쉽게 요약된 정보를 획득할 수 있다는 장점이 있지만 아직은 정보의 정확성 및 신뢰성 측면에서 재검증이 필요함을 알 수 있었고 매 순간마다 창업자의 의사결정에 필요한 정보의 획득과 활용면에서 의미있는 연구결과를 제시하고 있다.

법령의 개폐와 신뢰보호원칙에 대한 사법적 심사기준의 변화 ― 미국연방대법원 Department of Homeland Security v. Regents of the University of California, 591 U.S. (2020)판결과 한국법상 신뢰보호원칙 ―

김용민 미국헌법학회 2022 美國憲法硏究 Vol.33 No.3

In the U.S. Government’s view, DACA recipients have no “legally cognizable reliance interests” because the DACA Memorandum stated that the program “conferred no substantive rights” and provided benefits only in two-year increments. But the Government did not cite any legal authority establishing that such features automatically preclude reliance interests. These disclaimers are surely pertinent in considering the strength of any reliance interests, but that consideration must be undertaken by the agency in the first instance, subject to normal APA review. There was no such consideration in the Governmental Memorandum. Respondents assert that there was much for DHS to consider. They stress that, since 2012, DACA recipients have “enrolled in degree programs, embarked on careers, started businesses, purchased homes, and even married and had children, all in reliance” on the DACA program. But nothing about the governmental decision foreclosed or even addressed the options of retaining forbearance or accommodating particular reliance interests. The Government should have considered those matters but did not. That failure was arbitrary and capricious in violation of the APA. Korean Supreme Court and Constitutional Court are also examining the complex and multifaceted interests that may arise due to the revision or repeal of laws and regulations. Now it is necessary to apply more expanded examination standards, to reconcile conflicting interests in the drafting of laws and decision-making process as if administrative plans are presented. It can be pointed out that the bilateral trust protection is inappropriate to apply to the issue of balancing multilateral interests. Meanwhile, in the process of establishing and deciding an administrative plan, the fact that numerous conflicts of public and private interests can occur, means that there are many stakeholders centered on the administrative plan. It should be recognized that, without being limited to the plan, legislators and administrative agencies have broad shaping powers over legislation and administrative actions and the so called “balancing oder”(Abwägungsgebot) may have general relevance in matters of regulating the interests of multiple stakeholders. This is because the “balancing oder” can be applied as a strict scrutiny standard that is more reasonable, fair and just, and is required to make an rational decision that is easily convincing and acceptable to the public.

Prediction of Operating Cash Flows Using Accounting Information: Korean Evidence

김용민,윤일현 한국로고스경영학회 2016 로고스경영연구 Vol.14 No.3

This study investigated whether current cash flows from operations has superior predictive ability to current earnings in the prediction of future operating cash flows of Korean companies. Using a reduced sample of 240 non-financial companies listed in the Korea Stock Exchange for the period of 2006-2015, the results, based on the OLS regression analysis and panel data analysis, indicated that current cash flows from operations have superior predictive ability to current earnings for future cash flows from operations and operating income (EBIT) has also the same explanatory power as the operating cash flows for the prediction of future operating cash flows. The results of the study supported the idea that cash flows are considered more meaningful barometer than accrual based earnings when investors determine the value of the company and make the decision of their investments. Compared to pooled regression analysis which has been most extensively used in the previous studies, the use of fixed effects with panel data improved the explanatory power of the models.