경매의 성질과 유형에 관한 연구

강연실(Yeon Sil KANG),김연수(Yeon Soo KIM) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 1998 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.7 No.-

In analyzing auctioning, several phases of the subject must be considerations in depth : what auctioning actually is, how it fits into the marketing structure, and how it is used as a price-making mechanism. This paper is designed to examine what auctioning is, at first of above three phases by researching on the actual condition of auction schemes in Korea. Generally speaking, there are three basic methods of price making, and auctioning is a subtype of one of them. In auctioning of price making, would-be buyers attempt to outbid one another, thus tending to force the selling price to, or at least toward, the level of the successful bidder’s highest demand price. Usually (not necessarily) auctioning requires an immediate decision by the auctioneer as to the successful bidder. It is perfectly clear that competitive bidding arrangements are fundamentally different from the other basic pricing schemes. For example, competitive bidding, in contrast with take-it-or-leave-it pricing, is a flexible pricing scheme by means of which prices are tailor-made for each transaction. Private treaty selling and competitive bidding schemes also differ widely; the former brings the seller into contact only with buyers individually, whereas the latter pits buyer against buyer. There are 3 basic auction systems utilized at following market in Korea. o. Korean Agricultural and Fisheries wholesaling market : Almost Korean Agricultural and Fisheries wholesaling market uses a special auction system. A unique auction scheme utilized in the sale of vegetable, fruit and fish in Korea and Japan only around world is the Simultaneous-Bidding system. Its distinctive aspect is that all bids are made by prospective buyers at the same time, using individual hand signs for each transaction unit. The bidding starts as soon as the auctioneer gives the signal, and the highest bidder, as determined by the auctioneer is awarded the lot. Some bidders manage to raise their bids within the allotted time after seeing the signals of others. Each of the hand signs used in a Korean auction represents a number from 1 to 9. Two- or three-digit numbers are indicated by rapidly repeated signs, or by more complicated signals. This auction system is potentially very fast. Simultaneous bidding saves time, and no examination of the goods is permitted after the preauction display. o. Flower market : Yangjae-dong flower market is the largest wholesale market selling 30% of all flowers in Korea and utilizes Dutch (Descending-Price) Auction System with electronic devices. The Dutch system, instead of starting at a relatively low price level and ascending by steps until only one bidder remains, follows a descending-price pattern. The auctioneer determines the starting figure and quotes prices at descending intervals until someone bids the item in. The descending-price scheme may be implemented either by the human voice, or electronically by the Dutch clock. Yangjae-dong take the electronic signboard on the front wall showing amount bid and number of bidder within 5 second automatically. An indicator, or hand, moves counter-clockwise through a series of numbers in descending order, stopping when a bidder presses a button to register the amount of his bid. The clock is usually located in front of deeply tiered amphitheater with a normal seating capacity or a hundred or more buyers, who sit at desks facing it. Each seat holder can stop the movement of the indicator by pressing a button when the quotation to bid. o. Antique market : Antique market located at Insa-dong in Seoul is the most famous antique market which opens the English (Ascending-Bid) Auction 3 or 4 times every year. English Auction is the most commonly used auction scheme in English-speaking countries. The principle of the ascending-bid selling scheme is very simple. The auctioneer seeks an initial bid from one of the assembled buyers with the expectation that those interested in the item or lot will bid a

환경 위험과 생물학적 시민권: 한국의 석면 피해자 보상운동을 중심으로

강연실 ( Yeon Sil Kang ),이영희 ( Young Hee Lee ) 한양대학교 제3섹터연구소 2015 시민사회와 NGO Vol.13 No.1

본 연구는 2000년대 한국에서 일어난 석면 피해자 보상운동과 뒤이은 석면피해구제법의 제정 과정을 생물학적 시민권의 관점에서 분석하고자 한다. 환경 위험으로서 석면의 등장과 석면 피해자 보상운동 사이의 밀접한 관계를 보여 준 한국의 사례를 통해서, 환경 위험이 생물학적 시민권의 형성에 중요한 요인이 될 수 있음을 주장한다. 부산의 석면공장 노동자들 사이에서 석면병에 걸렸거나 석면에 노출되었다는 공통의 ‘석면 정체성’을 매개로 한 집단이 먼저 형성되었다. 이 정체성은 이후 충청남도의 석면 광산 지역을 비롯, 여러 지역에서 다양한 형태의 석면 오염으로 석면병에 걸린 환자들이 발견되자, 부산에서 전국으로, 노동자에서 모든 시민들로 ‘확장’되었다. 석면 피해에 대한 보상을 주장한 석면병 환자들과 시민사회의 석면피해구제법 제정운동은 뚜렷한 치료 방법이 없는 석면병 환자들이 ‘보상제도’를 통해 국가를 상대로 ‘살 권리’를 주장했음을 잘 보여준다. 또, 이 과정을 둘러싼 국내 환경정책의 흐름, 국제기구와 국가 정책사이의 관계, 석면산업의 국제적 이동과 같은 배경들은 석면 피해자들의 생물학적 시민권이 다양한 맥락 속에 위치하고 있음을 보여준다. This paper analyzes the rise of asbestos victim`s movement in South Korea in the late 2000s as a case of biological citizenship. By showing the close relationship between the re-characterization of asbestos from occupational hazard to an environmental risk, and asbestos victims` movement, it argues that environmental risk is an important trigger for the emergence of biological citizens. Dozens of former asbestos textile factory workers in Busan was first to recognize their shared biological feature: bodily damages from asbestos exposure in the factory. This `asbestos identity` was expanded from Busan to the whole country, and from laborers to ordinary citizens, as more patients are found throughout the country, whose exposure sources are suspected to the widespread asbestos pollution, not limited to workplace exposure. Patients and supporting activists` outcry over the need for a proper compensation system for the victims shows how they demanded rights to life to the state government. Biological citizenship of Korean asbestos victims and their legal demands to the government, however, cannot be separated from the various national and international contexts, including the history of Korean environmental policy, asbestos compensation in other countries, and the influence of international organizations to domestic policy-making.

고흥지역 수산물 경매시장의 특성에 관한 연구

강연실(Yeon Sil Kang) 한국수산경영학회 1998 수산경영론집 Vol.29 No.2

Why are auctions so prevalent in fisheries fields? One answer is, perhaps, that fisheries products have no standard value. The price of any catch of fish (at least of fish destined for the fresh fish market) depends on the demand and supply conditions at a specific moment of time, influenced by prospective market developments and prices must be remade for each transaction. There are various auction schemes including written-bid method in Korea. It is difficult to make decision the application of auction selling in market distribution. One reason is the absence of adequate data on which to base firm statements. There is very little precise information about the relative volume handled by auction scheme as compared with other sales schemes. Because of the paucity reliable data, one must depend largely on qualitative in attempting to above this problem. This paper is designed to examine which auction scheme is more efficient as a economic tool by introducing the three auctions, as samples, utilized in Koheung peninsula. Koheung coast with abundant fisheries resource, locates on the Middle-South part in Korea and has three auction firm operating by fisheries cooperatives. for selling of dry fish included sea weed, live fish and fresh fish respectively. As a result, I found that there are three interesting auction schemes as follow: 1. More than one winners are selected as buyers. The highest bidder can at first get fishes he wants to buy, second winner can get surplus fishes after the highest bidder employes one`s privilege with the highest pay, and next winner would be a buyer if fishes would be left in sequence after being sold with higher price. Every fisherman can sell one`s fishes with equal unit price if he delivery it to the winner within one day. Therefore, all the vendors feel they are equal members of fisheries cooperation. 2. Written-bid pricing on the cover of handy book. It is easy to write and to erase the figure more than on the small black board, and is convenient also to keep in the pocket. 3. Auctioning on the fixed platform with faced fish tank is a very fast auction scheme in spite of short displaying time. Auctioneer presides bidding at one place on the fixed platform, instead of moving, vendors should carry a container of live fishes in the fish tank into showing table in front of would-be buyers and auctioneer. Although the applicability of the auction system to a marketing problem depends in part on subjective considerations by those making decision, basically it is a matter of comparative economic efficiency. In general, if the scheme maximizes returns in relation to the effort expanded by both buyers and sellers, it will be utilized. If it does not, a more efficiency may take place over a period of time, but, even more important, those making decisions may become aware of the potentialities of new schemes. Therefore, in order to applicate the three interesting auction schemes introduced in this paper to other fisheries market, it is necessary not only to analyze many other auction schemes but also to compare the economic efficiency those schemes utilizing in other fisheries market.

어선 면세유류 공급기준량 산정에 관한 연구

강연실 ( Yeon Sil Kang ),김대현 ( Dae Hyon Kim ) 한국수산경영학회 2005 수산경영론집 Vol.36 No.3

수산보조금 금지 시대의 유류 공급 정책에 대한 연구

강연실(Yeon Sil Kang) 한국수산경영학회 2002 수산경영론집 Vol.33 No.1

In the fisheries industry, the cost of oil is the greatest factor, contributing 25% 40% of the cost of production. In order to support fisheries, the government has supplied large amounts of money for oil to the fisheries industry. However, the elimination and restriction against the subsidy of fisheries has been actively discussed throughout international organizations including the WTO. The purpose of this thesis is to study the existing issue of subsidies on the fisheries industry, which is currently disputed in international organizations, and predict a future policy about the oil supply that considers the most important factors on fisheries. In chapter 2, the paper begins by outlining the tendencies of discussion in relation to the subsidy on fisheries among international organizations, and categorizes them on the basis of their types. Chapter 3 defines the current conditions and characteristics of the Korean subsidy on fisheries and analyzes which portions of the subsidy on fisheries should be eliminated first when it is prohibited. In chapter 4, procedures and problems for producing tax-free oil are discussed, because tax-free oil has a higher possibility of being ruled out. Chapter 5 proposes a reasonable plan concerning oil supply policies for maintenance or enrichment of the fishing industries, post the elimination of subsidies. Conclusions were drawn in eight areas as a result of this study: 1) securing the large storage of oil, 2) extending customers of oil to include non-fishermen, 3) coordinating the segmentation of marketing area, 4) diversification of the sales goods, 5) producing oil sales experts, 6) developing original brands, 7) expanding the purchasing area to buy oil in the international market, and 8) operating funds to stabilize oil price. It would not be appropriate to wait until international organizations decide to ban the subsidy of fisheries. Corresponding plans (such as securing the large storage of oil) tend to be large scale and long-term projects because they take a number of years, from designing the oil storage tank to selecting the proper region and initiating the construction. Therefore, it is strongly suggested that any extensive and time consuming projects including preparation for the tax-free oil should be completed in new actions before the ban by the international organizations.

제주지역 거시계량경제모형 개발에 관한 연구

강연실(Yeon sil Kang),강기춘(Gi choon Kang) 濟州大學校 觀光産業硏究所 2012 産經論集 Vol.29 No.-

한국의 어업 관리 비용에 관한 연구

강연실(Yeon Sil KANG),이광남(Kwang Nam LEE) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 2001 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.10 No.-

This study aims to identify the Government Financial Transfers in three ways - the direct payment, financial transfers for cost reductions and general services. In addition, payment for the infrastructure such as port facilities benefiting commercial fishers was excluded and the government financial transfers solely devoted to the research and management and enforcement services were explored in detail. In 1999, the aggregate sum of fisheries budgets in Korea amounted to 967,890million KRW and those spent on fisheries services were 18,028million KRW occupying 10.4%(3.1% of research Costs, 5.9% of management and 1.4% of enforcement Costs) of the total fishery budget. The Government Financial Transfers of OECD countries for the fisheries management in 1997 were estimated at USD2.6billion, occupying about 37%(11% of research, 16% of management and 10% of enforcement) of the Government Financial Transfers relating to the fishery. When compared with the government expenditure devoted to the fisheries management costs(fisheries services) in OECD countries, the expenditure of Korea remains at 30~40% on the average. But, Korean government is planning to steadily increase the expenditure relating to the fisheries services and it is very likely to see the increase in the government financial transfers for the fisheries services in the future. Though the positive effects of the management costs on the marine resources have not been specifically identified in this study, it was confirmed that they have positive effects on the ecosystem and maintenance of the sustainable marine resources. Accordingly, it is required to see that researchers and monitoring be continued for the years to come. Also, what should be taken into account was the applicability of the grouping of fisheries services by OECD/COFI to the situation in Korea, who puts the License System in force. The specifies are as follow; first, a need to clarify a concept of fisheries services and its scope. The fisheries services were defined mostly by the countries who are enforcing catch allotment system and it does not directly apply to Korea in that the TAC system was in preparation and the government payments were almost negligible. secondly, a need to clearly classify the fisheries services costs. It is difficult to specifically classify the government payment according to its defined services and the responsibilities of maritime police overlapped with others, making it difficult to clearly separate the enforcement costs from other services. In conclusion, it is required that the researches on the concept and scope of fisheries services and classification of the government payment according to its defined services be steadily continued.

수산물 유통의 여건 변화가 도매시장에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

강연실(Kang Yeon Sil),김연수(Kim Yeon Soo) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 1997 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.6 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to find some factors that affect the Fisheries Wholesale Market(hereafter FWM), there are two different FWMs in the fisheries marketing channel. The one is in the landing port and the other is in the inland big city. The FWM in the landing port has annually decreased the ratio of sale from 80.9% of national catches in 1980 to 64.5% in 1996. The other FWM in the big city has also decreased the amount of sale with 82.5% in 1996 comparing with in 1992 being similar to the ratio of sale. I want to find what factors affect the ratio and the amount of sale in FWM. I understand finally, among of environment variables around FWM, 3 factors of domestic and 2 factors of foreign environment affect FWM powerfully as follow. Domestic factors 1. The Voluntary Sale of Catches : Fishermen couldn’t sell their catches at the place where they wanted to sell until the law was amended. Before September 1, 1997, they should land and sell their catches in force at the fishermen’ co-op that has a kind of wholesale market. Now they can do with it as they please. 2. The Rapid Growth of Large Store and Restaurant : Owing to high growth of Korean economy, many people become to enjoy more sea-food. And then, the sea-food stores and restaurants would be larger and higher. They need to get fishes cheaper, in time, resonable quantity in order to furnish fishes into consumer. They understand they can buy fishes cheaper from producer than from wholesaler by saving distribution expenses and fresher by lessening number of distribution channel. 3. The Development of Information, Storage and Transportation Industry : the producer and the consumer can obtain the information of opposite area each other by Lan., Internet., Fax., Tel., etc. instead of wholesale market. The transaction between producer and consumer could be stimulated by better physical distribution functions and facilitating functions. Foreign factors 1. Opening Domestic Fisheries Market Fully In 90’s, the amount of fisheries import has increased average 21.6% against 1.5% of fisheries export growth every year. We forecast the amount of import would be more and more after import was opened fully September 1, 1997. But importer don’t like to sell their import goods at wholesale market by auction. 2. Foreign Stores Entering into Domestic Market : Foreigners can establish their fisheries stores in Korean market as commission agent, wholesaler, retailer and franchiser except fisheries wholesale auction market. They will get more and more market share ratio that Korean fisheries whole sale market has kept and they also want to sell a lot of fisheries import goods even though FWM would be worse. Many environment factors around FWM go from bad to worse interacting FWM. I dare to say Korean wholesale market should make a special plan as soon as possible to overcome the worse environment.

면세유류 분석을 이용한 업종별 어선의 연간조업시간 산정연구

강연실 ( Yeon Sil Kang ),김대현 ( Dae Hyon Kim ) 한국도서(섬)학회 2005 韓國島嶼硏究 Vol.17 No.1

DEA 분석을 통한 정부 기업지원사업의 효율성 분석

강연실(Kang, Yeon-sil),손성민(Sohn, Seong-min),임소진(Im, So-Jin),조부연(Cho, BooYun) 한국생산관리학회 2014 한국생산관리학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

기업 경쟁력 강화를 위한 기업지원사업은 연구개발에서 사업화로 중심이 옮겨가고 있는 상황이다. 투자된 자원이 기술개발의 가시적 성과로 나타나지만 사업화로 이어지지 않는 경우가 많았기 때문이다. 사업화에 대한 기업지원 성과평가에 대해서는 명확한 방향성이 제시되지 않았는 데, 지원의 효과가 정성적 성과로 이어지는 경우가 많아서 계량적 평가기법 적용에 제약이 있었기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 정부의 기업지원사업을 수혜받은 BT(Bio technology)기업을 대상으로 DEA 모형을 적용하여 상대적 효율성을 평가하였다. 제주지역 바이오 산업에 대한2012년-2013년의 데이터를 기반으로 연도별 효율성을 분석한 후, 연차별 투입변수와 산출변수 간의 시차를 두고 효율성을 분석하는 접근을 하였다. 분석결과에 따르면, CCR 모형의 평균 효율성보다는 BCC 모형의 평균 효율성이 더 높게 나타났으며,‘2012년(투입)-2013년(산출)’의 경우에서 모든 모형에서 효율성 증가가 나타나면서 기업지원사업의 효과가 시차를 두고 성과로 시현되는 것을 실증하였다. 지역과 산업군에 제한된 표본특성과 함께, 정태적 DEA 모형 적용에 따른 시계열적 변화를 포착하지 못한 것이 연구의 한계로 지적되었다. 따라서 향후 연구에서는 충분한 시계열 분석이 가능하도록 연차별 데이타 확보가 요구되었으며, 이를 기반으로 시간의 변화에 따른 효율성의 변화를 살펴볼 수 있는 동태적 분석방법 도입이 향후 연구방향으로 제시되었다.