중국어 국외 보급 정책에 대한 고찰과 한국어 국외 보급에의 시사점

손평 인문사회 21 2020 인문사회 21 Vol.11 No.4

This study aims to look at the history and practice of Chinese language policy for overseas dissemination, and examines useful implications for overseas dissemination of Korean language. Therefore, the concept, purpose, necessity and significance of language policy for overseas dissemination were examined, and the previous studies were reviewed to present the historical development and present status of the Chinese language policy for overseas dissemination. The purpose of this study is to find implications between China and Korea’s language policy in terms of current status of the departments, related systems, main models and dissemination strategies. Based on this, three implications for overseas dissemination of Korean language were summarized. First, it is necessary to integrate the system of Korean educational institutions. Second, it is necessary to expand the Korean language proficiency test hosted by the government. Third, it is very important to expand budget support for overseas dissemination of Korean language. 본 연구는 중국 자국어 국외 보급 정책에 대해 역사와 실제, 담당 기관과 관련 제도 등의 측면으로 살펴보고 한국 자국어 국외 보급 정책에의 유용한 시사점을 모색하는 데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 문헌 연구 방법을 통해 언어 보급 정책의 개념과 목적, 필요성과 의의를 살피고 중국어 국외 보급 정책에 관한 선행연구를 검토하여 중국어 국외 보급 정책의 역사적 전개와 실제 현황을 제시하였다. 그리고 중국어 국외 보급 정책의 현황에 대해 주관부처와 기관 현황, 관련 제도, 주요 모델, 국외 보급의 전략 4가지 측면으로 나누어서 분석해 보았다. 이를 바탕으로 한국어 국외 보급에의 3가지 시사점을 정리하였다. 첫째, 한국어 보급 교육기관의 체계 통합이 필요하다. 둘째, 정부 주관 한국어 능력 시험의 확대가 필요하다. 셋째, 예산 지원을 확대시키는 것은 매우 중요하다.

新世纪中国京剧国际传播现状與问题的考察

이회요 조선대학교 국제문화연구원 2022 국제문화연구 Vol.15 No.2

Chinese Peking Opera has been promoted and disseminated globally since the beginning of the last century. In this century, with the development of China's economy and the increase of official investment, Peking Opera has reached an unprecedented level in overseas dissemination. There has been great development in the subject of dissemination, the number of frequency of dissemination, the scope and form of dissemination. However, compared with the huge investment, Peking Opera still cannot become an international drama category. It mostly appears overseas as a symbol of Chinese culture, and there are also many misunderstandings in communication. For example, the functions of communication goals are ambiguous, the form of communication for tour performances is single, the lack of cross-cultural communication talents, and the incomplete communication system. Therefore, the overseas dissemination of Chinese Peking Opera needs to clarify the dissemination goals and objectives, clarify the main functions of dissemination, improve the content to meet the needs of cross-cultural dissemination, enrich the means of dissemination in form, cultivate and excavate cross-cultural dissemination talents, establish a three-dimensional communication system for exhibition performances, opera education, and folk communication. At the same time, new communication channels such as the Internet should be effectively used, and the communication experience of India, Japan, South Korea and other countries should be used for reference, in order to achieve greater and better effects of Peking Opera overseas communication.

무선 센서 네트워크에서 빠른 코드분배를 위한 다수분배자 선정 방법

김미희(Mihui Kim),홍준석(June S. Hong) 한국IT서비스학회 2011 한국IT서비스학회지 Vol.10 No.2

In this paper, we propose a multiple-disseminators determining mechanism for Efficient Code Dissemination with low-delay(ECoDi) for wireless sensor networks (WSN). Code dissemination is in the spotlight as an important research issue since sensor nodes are necessary for updating new software remotely or fixing bugs dynamically. In particular, the time factor for code dissemination is the most important factor in order that the normal operation of nodes can be continuously performed as soon as finishing the dissemination. For this factor, ECoDi determines the set of disseminators through regression analysis based on the size of distributed code and the time of past unicasts and broadcasts. Then it transmits the entire code as a unicast to multiple disseminators, and the disseminators broadcast the code to the remaining neighbor nodes. Performance results on a testbed show that ECoDi reduces dissemination time significantly compared to a conventional scheme.

Information Dissemination Model of Microblogging with Internet Marketers

Dongliang Xu,Jingchang Pan,Bailing Wang,Meng Liu,Qinma Kang 한국정보처리학회 2019 Journal of information processing systems Vol.15 No.4

Microblogging services (such as Twitter) are the representative information communication networks duringthe Web 2.0 era, which have gained remarkable popularity. Weibo has become a popular platform forinformation dissemination in online social networks due to its large number of users. In this study, a microbloginformation dissemination model is presented. Related concepts are introduced and analyzed based on thedynamic model of infectious disease, and new influencing factors are proposed to improve the susceptibleinfective-removal (SIR) information dissemination model. Correlation analysis is conducted on the existinginformation dissemination risk and the rumor dissemination model of microblog. In this study, web hyper isused to model rumor dissemination. Finally, the experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the methodin reducing the rumor dissemination of microblogs.

Information Dissemination Model of Microblogging with Internet Marketers

Xu, Dongliang,Pan, Jingchang,Wang, Bailing,Liu, Meng,Kang, Qinma Korea Information Processing Society 2019 Journal of information processing systems Vol.15 No.4

Microblogging services (such as Twitter) are the representative information communication networks during the Web 2.0 era, which have gained remarkable popularity. Weibo has become a popular platform for information dissemination in online social networks due to its large number of users. In this study, a microblog information dissemination model is presented. Related concepts are introduced and analyzed based on the dynamic model of infectious disease, and new influencing factors are proposed to improve the susceptible-infective-removal (SIR) information dissemination model. Correlation analysis is conducted on the existing information dissemination risk and the rumor dissemination model of microblog. In this study, web hyper is used to model rumor dissemination. Finally, the experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the method in reducing the rumor dissemination of microblogs.

무선 센서 망에서 2-계층 가상 구조를 통한 이동 싱크 실시간 데이터 전달 방안

오승민(Seungmin Oh),임용빈(Yongbin Yim),이정철(Jeongcheol Lee),박호성(Hosung Park),김상하(Sang-Ha Kim) 한국정보과학회 2011 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지 Vol.17 No.5

무선 센서 망에서 고정 싱크에 대한 실시간 데이터 전달 방안들은 전송 경로 상의 매 홉마다 초기에 계산된 일정한 전송 속도를 만족함으로써 실시간 데이터 전달을 달성한다. 이동 싱크의 경우에는 소스와 싱크 간의 거리가 시간에 따라 가변적이기 때문에 일정한 전송 속도로는 실시간 전송을 보장할 수 없다. 본 연구에서는 이동 싱크의 실시간 전송에 대한 요구사항을 정의하고 이를 기준으로 실시간성을 보장하는 프로토콜을 제시한다. 이 프로토콜은 2-계층의 구조로 구성된다: 상위 계층, 하위 계층. 상위 계층에서는, 소스와 싱크가 존재하는 지역까지의 실시간성과 이동을 위한 위치 업데이트를 관리하고, 하위 계층에서는 싱크가 존재하고 있는 지역에서 이동 싱크까지의 지역 단위의 실시간 전송을 보장한다. 전체 실시간성은 상위, 하위 계층의 실시간성을 각각을 만족함으로써 달성된다. In wireless sensor networks, the studies achieve real-time data dissemination to static sinks by a spatiotemporal communication approach which forwards data per hops with an initially calculated delivery speed. However, in case of mobile sink, since the sink moves randomly around thus the distance between the sink and the source is dynamically changed, real-time data dissemination could not be guaranteed with the delivery speed. Therefore, we define requirements for real-time data dissemination to mobile sinks and propose a new scheme based on the requirements. In the scheme, the networks construct a two-level grid-based virtual infrastructure: the coarse-grained grid and the finegrained grid. The coarse-grained grid and fine-grained grid structure manages real-time data dissemination from source to the grid leader of a mobile sink and from the grid leader of the mobile sink to the sink, respectively. The real-time data dissemination from a source to a sink is achieved by real-time data dissemination of both the coarse-grained grid and fine-grained grid. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme superior to the existing scheme in terms of guaranteeing of real-time data dissemination.

The Clinical Features of Spinal Leptomeningeal Dissemination from Malignant Gliomas

Bae, Jung-Sik,Yang, Seung-Ho,Yoon, Woan-Soo,Kang, Seok-Gu,Hong, Yong-Kil,Jeun, Sin-Soo The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2011 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.49 No.6

Objective : The incidence of leptomeningeal dissemination from malignant glioma is rare, so the clinical features of this are not well documented yet We attempted to determine the clinical features of leptomeningeal dissemination from malignant gliomas. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 11 cases of leptomeningeal dissemination of malignant glioma, who were treated at our institution between 2006 and 2009. We investigated the clinical features of these patients by considering the following factors : tumor locations, the events of ventricular opening during surgery and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles, including the cytology. Results : The group was composed of 9 males and 2 females. The histological diagnosis of their initial intracranial tumors were 4 primary glioblastoma, 3 anaplastic astrocytoma, 1 anaplastic oligoastrocytoma, 2 ganglioglioma and 1 pleomorphic xanthoastrocyotma with anaplastic features. The mean age of the patients at the time of the initial presentation was $42.8{\pm}10.3$ years. The mean time between surgery and the diagnosis of spinal dissemination was $12.3{\pm}7.9$ (3-28) months. The mean overall survival after dissemination was $2.7{\pm}1.3$ months. All our patients revealed a history of surgical opening of the ventricles. Elevated protein in the CSF was reported for eight patients who had their CSF profiles checked. Conclusion : We propose that in the malignant gliomas, the surgical opening of ventricles can cause the spinal leptomeningeal dissemination and the elevated protein content of CSF may be a candidate marker of leptomeningeal dissemination.

Comparative Analysis of CT Findings and Clinical Outcomes in Adult Patients With Disseminated and Localized Pulmonary Nocardiosis

Lee Han Na,Do Kyung-Hyun,Kim Eun Young,Choe Jooae,Sung Heungsup,Choi Sang-Ho,Kim Hwa Jung 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.11

Background: Pulmonary nocardiosis is a rare opportunistic infection with occasional systemic dissemination. This study aimed to investigate the computed tomography (CT) findings and prognosis of pulmonary nocardiosis associated with dissemination. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with pulmonary nocardiosis between March 2001 and September 2023. We reviewed the chest CT findings and categorized them based on the dominant CT findings as consolidation, nodules and/ or masses, consolidation with multiple nodules, and nodular bronchiectasis. We compared chest CT findings between localized and disseminated pulmonary nocardiosis and identified significant prognostic factors associated with 12-month mortality using multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: Pulmonary nocardiosis was diagnosed in 75 patients, of whom 14 (18.7%) had dissemination, including involvement of the brain in 9 (64.3%) cases, soft tissue in 3 (21.4%) cases and positive blood cultures in 3 (21.4%) cases. Disseminated pulmonary nocardiosis showed a higher frequency of cavitation (64.3% vs. 32.8%, P = 0.029) and pleural effusion (64.3% vs. 29.5%, P = 0.014) compared to localized infection. The 12-month mortality rate was 25.3%. The presence of dissemination was not a significant prognostic factor (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; confidence interval [CI], 0.23–2.75; P = 0.724). Malignancy (HR, 9.73; CI, 2.32–40.72; P = 0.002), use of steroid medication (HR, 3.72; CI, 1.33–10.38; P = 0.012), and a CT pattern of consolidation with multiple nodules (HR, 4.99; CI, 1.41–17.70; P = 0.013) were associated with higher mortality rates. Conclusion: Pulmonary nocardiosis with dissemination showed more frequent cavitation and pleural effusion compared to cases without dissemination, but dissemination alone did not affect the mortality rate of pulmonary nocardiosis.

Postoperative Systemic Dissemination of Injected Elemental Mercury

Kang, Suk-Hyung,Park, Seung-Won,Moon, Kyung-Yoon The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2011 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.49 No.4

There were only a few reports of mercury on pulmonary artery. However, there is no data on surgery related mercury dissemination. The objective of the present article is to describe one case of postoperative injected mercury dissemination. A 19-year-old man presented severe neck pain including meningeal irritation sign and abdominal pain after injection of mercury for the purpose of suicide. Radiologic study showed injected mercury in the neck involving high cervical epidural space and subcutaneous layer of abdomen. Partial hemilaminectomy and open mercury evacuation of spinal canal was performed. For the removal of abdominal subcutaneous mercury, C-arm guided needle aspiration was done. After surgery, radiologic study showed disseminated mercury in the lung, heart, skull base and low spinal canal. Neck pain and abdominal pain were improved after surgery. During 1 month after surgery, there was no symptom of mercury intoxication except increased mercury concentration of urine, blood and hair. We assumed the bone work during surgery might have caused mercury dissemination. Therefore, we recommend minimal invasive surgical technique for removal of injected mercury. If open exposures are needed, cautious surgical technique to prohibit mercury dissemination is necessary and normal barrier should be protected to prevent the migration of mercury.

무선 센서 네트워크에서 에너지 잔량과 신호세기를 이용한 데이터 전송 프로토콜

박수연 ( Sooyeon Park ),김문성 ( Moonseong Kim ),정의훈 ( Euihoon Jeong ),방영철 ( Young-cheol Bang ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2010 인터넷정보학회논문지 Vol.11 No.4

본 논문에서는 무선 센서 네트워크에서 저전력 소모와 전송 지연 시간을 고려하여 수집한 데이터를 전체 네트워크에 살포하는 프로액티브 데이터 전송 프로토콜을 제안한다. 현재 잘 알려진 SPMS(Shortest Path Mined SPIN)에서는 에너지 소비를 줄이기 위해 벨만 포드 알고리즘을 이용하여 최단 경로 라우팅 테이블을 형성하고 멀티 홉 경로로 데이터를 전송한다. 그러나 이것은 라우팅 테이블 생성과 유지를 위한 메모리 소비를 발생 시키고, 벨만 포드의 수행 시 에너지 소비뿐 아니라 많은 트래픽을 발생시키는 문제가 발생한다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여, 새로운 프로액티브 전송 프로토콜 RRESS(a proactive dissemination protocol using Residual Energy and Signal Strength) 을 제안한다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 SPMS에 비해 RESS의 컨트롤 메시지수는 약 84%의 성능 향상을 보이며, 최단 경로를 사용하는 SPMS와 지연시간 면에서는 유사하였다. In this paper, a data dissemination protocol that transmits data collected for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is newly proposed, and the proposed proactive protocol takes into account energy consumption minimized and delay time disseminated. The well-known SPMS (Shortest Path Mined SPIN) forms the shortest path-based routing table obtained by Bellman Ford Algorithm (BFA) and disseminates data using a multi-hop path in order to minimize energy consumption. The mentioned properties of SPMS cause memory burden to create and maintain the routing tables. In addition, whenever BFA is executed, it is necessary to suffer from the energy consumption and traffic occurred. In order to overcome this problem, a proactive dissemination protocol using Residual Energy and Signal Strength, called RESS, is proposed in this paper. Simulation results show that RESS outperforms SPMS up to 84% in terms of the number of traffic messages and the transmitted delay time of RESS is similar to that of SPMS using the shortest path.