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- 검색키워드
- 주제어 : black gram (검색결과 9 건)
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Dey, Avijit,De, Partha Sarathi,Gangopadhyay, Prabir Kumar Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.2
Objective: An experiment was conducted to examine the effect of dietary supplementation of dried and ground foliage of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) on feed intake and utilization, and production performance of crossbred lactating cows. Methods: Eighteen lactating crossbred (Bos taurus${\times}$Bos indicus) cows (body weight $330.93{\pm}10.82kg$) at their second and mid lactation (milk yield $6.77{\pm}0.54kg/d$) were randomly divided into three groups of six each in a completely randomized block design. Three supplements were formulated by quantitatively replacing 0, 50, and 100 per cent of dietary wheat bran of concentrate mixture with dried and ground foliage of black gram. The designated supplement was fed to each group with basal diet of rice straw (ad libitum) to meet the requirements for maintenance and milk production. Daily feed intake and milk yield was recorded. A digestion trial was conducted to determine the total tract digestibility of various nutrients. Results: The daily feed intake was increased (p<0.05) with the supplementation of black gram foliage. Although the digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and ether extract did not vary (p>0.05), the fibre digestibility was increased (p<0.05), which ultimately improved (p<0.05) the total digestible nutrients content of composite diet. Although, the average milk yield (kg/animal/d) and composition did not differ (p>0.05) among the groups, milk yield was increased by 10 per cent with total replacement of wheat bran in concentrate mixture with of black gram foliage. The economics of milk production calculated as feed cost per kg milk yield (INR 10.61 vs 7.98) was reduced by complete replacement of wheat bran with black gram foliage. Conclusion: Black gram foliage could be used as complete replacement for wheat bran in concentrate mixture of dairy cows in formulating least cost ration for economic milk production in small holders' animal production.
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( Jegadeesan Souframanien ),( Sudhir Kumar Gupta ),( Kandali Srinivasulu Reddy ) 한국육종학회 2017 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.5 No.2
Black gram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is an important legume crop in Asia, where it is a major source of dietary protein for its predominantly vegetarian population. Molecular breeding programme in this crop has made little progress due to lack of genomic resources. It largely depends on the sequence information available in the closely related taxa. Ninety-six cowpea derived unigene-SSR markers were tested for their cross species amplification in black gram. Forty-nine unigene-SSR primers showed cross species amplification and diversity among 42 black gram accessions were studied. Each unigene-SSR marker detected two to five alleles and 49 SSR primers collectively amplified 119 alleles in black gram with an average of 2.4 alleles/locus. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of the unigene-SSR markers ranged from 0.05 to 0.72 with an average of 0.41. Cluster analysis based on neighbor-joining method grouped the 42 accessions into three major clusters. The genetic closeness among the cultivars can be explained by the high degree of commonness in their pedigree. These unigene-SSR markers were also successful in detecting variation among 15 gamma ray induced mutants of black gram included in the present investigation. Functional categorization of these unigene-SSR markers corresponded to many genes with biological, cellular and molecular functions, and hence offers an opportunity to investigate the consequences of SSR polymorphism on gene functions and serves as valuable resource for black gram genetic analysis.
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Laxmi Ananthanarayan,Yogesh Gat,Vikas Kumar,Anil Panghal,Narinder Kaur 한국식품연구원 2018 Journal of Ethnic Foods Vol.5 No.1
Background During extrusion of black gram flour, formation of amylose-lipid complexes lowers down the gelatinization enthalpy of extrudates, and the partially gelatinized black gram starch leads to lowering down the water-holding capacity and alters functional properties resulting in changing quality attributes of the end product on frying/microwaving/roasting. Methods Attempts have been made to improve the quality of an Indian traditional snack (e.g., papad) by incorporating extruded black gram flour as partial substitute for raw (unextruded) black gram flour. In present work, overall quality improvement was achieved by analyzing prefrying and postfrying characteristics (diameter, moisture content, expansion ratio, oil uptake, texture, and color) of papad and physical properties (color and viscosity) of fried oil. Results Four different papad samples were prepared (control papads without addition of papadkhar, papads with use of 3% papadkhar, papads with incorporation of extruded black gram flour at 25% concentration, papads with incorporation of extruded black gram flour at 50% concentration along with 1% papadkhar) and analyzed along standard market sample. Incorporation of extruded black gram flour in papad resulted in greater expansion with less oil uptake in fried papad. Further addition of extruded black gram flour permitted the use of lower concentration of papadkhar. After frying, the quality of oil was characterized after numerous frying cycles. Conclusion Oil used for frying of papads containing highest concentration of papadkhar was effective only up to two frying cycles, after which color and viscosity increased significantly, adversely affecting the quality of fried oil.
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Co-integration and Causality Analysis among Major Black gram Markets in Andhra Pradesh, India
Kumar, K. Nirmal Ravi Korean Society of Food and Agricultural Informatio 2021 Agribusiness and Information Management Vol.12 No.2
Market integration and prices in pulse crops like black gram play an important role in determining the production decisions of the farmers and diversification towards high value nutritious crops. In this context, the present study explores extent of market integration and price transmission in selected major black gram markets in Andhra Pradesh using Johansen co-integration, Vector Error Correction Model and Granger causality test. The study used monthly prices data of black gram (Rs/quintal) sourced from selected markets of Srikakulam, Krishna and Kurnool spanning January, 1990 to December, 2019. The results of the study strongly buttressed the existence of co-integration and interdependence of selected black gram markets in Andhra Pradesh. However, the speed of adjustment of the prices found to be moderate in Krishna market and quite weaker in Srikakulam market and thereby prices correct a small percentage of the disequilibrium in these markets with the greatest percentage by the external and internal forces. So, it necessitates the need for future research, to investigate the influence of external and internal factors such as market infrastructure, Government policy and self-sufficient production, product characteristics and utilization towards market integration. As there exists only unidirectional causality from Krishna to Kurnool and from Krishna to Srikakulam markets, it calls for strengthening the information technology for flow of market information regularly to help the farmers for increasing their income.
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Genetic Variation in Mutants of Black Gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) Evaluated by RAPD Markers
D. Arulbalachandran,L. Mullainathan,S. Karthigayan,S.T. Somasundaram,S. Velu 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.1
Genetic variation among four mutants with parent of black gram (high seed protein, tall, bushy, and dwarf mutants) was investigated. The mutants were generated with physical gamma rays and chemical ethyl methane sulphonate. These mutants had some advantages like high protein content, lodging resistance, and high seed yield compared with parent cultivars (cvs.). The objective of the present investigation is to find genetic variation in mutants of black gram with their parents. The genetic variation was evaluated with 20 random primers, generated total 202 fragments scored with 58 polymorphic alleles, and the average was 10.1 alleles per locus and a range of 1-9 alleles. The average polymorphic rates were 38.37 among the mutants and parents through the 20 primers. Primers OPA-14 and OPI-04 revealed 35% of DNA polymorphism in this investigation. The genetic distance (GD) among the genotypes was 0.19 suggesting a significant degree of genetic diversity. The five genotypes were used to construct a dendrogram based on the similarity matrix, revealing a genetic distance varying from 0.600 to 0.725. This variation was due to the mutation induced by gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate. Further research is needed to analyze the sequence and expression of these mutated genes and to develop and improve black gram via genetic engineering to evaluate their use.
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Genetic Variation in Mutants of Black Gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) Evaluated by RAPD Markers
Arulbalachandran, D.,Mullainathan, L.,Karthigayan, S.,Somasundaram, S.T.,Velu, S. 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.1
Genetic variation among four mutants with parent of black gram (high seed protein, tall, bushy, and dwarf mutants) was investigated. The mutants were generated with physical gamma rays and chemical ethyl methane sulphonate. These mutants had some advantages like high protein content, lodging resistance, and high seed yield compared with parent cultivars (cvs.). The objective of the present investigation is to find genetic variation in mutants of black gram with their parents. The genetic variation was evaluated with 20 random primers, generated total 202 fragments scored with 58 polymorphic alleles, and the average was 10.1 alleles per locus and a range of 1-9 alleles. The average polymorphic rates were 38.37 among the mutants and parents through the 20 primers. Primers OPA-14 and OPI-04 revealed 35% of DNA polymorphism in this investigation. The genetic distance (GD) among the genotypes was 0.19 suggesting a significant degree of genetic diversity. The five genotypes were used to construct a dendrogram based on the similarity matrix, revealing a genetic distance varying from 0.600 to 0.725. This variation was due to the mutation induced by gamma rays and ethyl methane sulphonate. Further research is needed to analyze the sequence and expression of these mutated genes and to develop and improve black gram via genetic engineering to evaluate their use.
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