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이순홍,김서영,김은란 誠信女子大學校 生活文化硏究所 2003 生活文化硏究 Vol.17 No.-
Corset has been used as a tool to tighten the waist of females for long, and it was used as a symbol of incantational meaning and social position indication from Crete period to Roman period. As medieval period started, corsage started to express the curve of human body of females. And, since the beginning of the 15th century and the 16th century, as full-scale corset was used, basquine and corps-pique on which baleen, wood and iron were put as basque were worn. After that, in the 17th century and the 18th century, wearing corps-baleine that the baleen of curve and straight line was used enabled chest to seem to be rich all the more, and corset was designed into the form to be comfortable for human body through endless progress. In the period of Crinoline and Bustle, corset to fit human body well and to be comfortable for acting appeared and the modernization of corset came to be made gradually through more rational composition method of corset. This corset emphasized feminity than humaneness as a tool which has oppressed the body of women from ancient period. Women have been recognized as an obedient and weak existence from the bondage of this corset. While powerful centralized reign treated the right of men favorably and regared women as sexual existence, the relation between men and women was recognized as the relation between up and down which is the relation between command and obedience, and women wore corset, submitting to bodily pain for fitting body to the standard of beauty which originated from the taste of supreme authority of ruling class. On the contray, in the period to recognize the right of women socially, it menas that the coercion for slim waist was small. At the end of the 18th century when illuminism was predominant and in the early stage of the 20th century which was the period of reform to resist royal authority, the interest for ant waist was small. As women started to play the important role for society after World War I, new recognition for the position of women appeared, and corset was not the bond to oppress women but it came to be converted to a selective tool.
Fatigue life estimation of FBGA memory modules under harmonic excitation
Yusuf Cinar,Kyoungwon Seo,Gunhee Jang,Jaeseok Jang,Changwoo Koo 대한기계학회 2012 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2012 No.11
This paper predicts the fatigue life of fine-pitch ball grid array (FBGA) solder joints in memory modules due to harmonic excitation by the experiments and the finite element method. A global-local modeling technique was used in finite element simulation. A finite element model of the memory module with simplified solder joints was developed as a global model, and the natural frequencies and modes were calculated and verified by experimental modal testing. Displacement variations were calculated from the global model due to vibration excitation using the mode superposition method. A local model with detailed solder joints was developed in order to calculate stress magnitude concentrated on solder joints of the memory module under vibration. Stress versus life (S-N) curve was developed for memory modules under various vibration levels to derive solder material fatigue constants. Then the fatigue life of the memory module was determined by using the Basquin equation and Miner’s rule. It was experimentally verified that predicted fatigue life of the memory module under cumulative damage conditions matches with experimental results with reasonable accuracy.
Fatigue life estimation of FBGA memory device under vibration
Yusuf Cinar,장건희 대한기계학회 2014 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.28 No.1
This paper predicts the fatigue life of fine-pitch ball grid array (FBGA) solder joints in memory devices due to harmonic excitationthrough experiments and finite element analysis. Finite element models of the memory device with simplified solder joints and with detailedsolder joints were developed as a global model and a local model, respectively. A global-local modeling technique was used in thefinite element simulation to calculate the stress magnitude of solder joints in the memory device under vibration. Stress versus life (S-N)curve was generated for the memory devices under various vibration levels to derive the fatigue constants of solder material. The fatiguelife of the memory device was then determined by using the Basquin equation and Miner’s rule. It was experimentally verified that thepredicted fatigue life of the memory device under cumulative damage conditions matches the experimental results within reasonable accuracy.
Fatigue life curves of alloy 617 in the temperature range of 800–950 °C
사인진,박재환,김응선 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.2
The cyclical behavior of Alloy 617 was examined at 25 C and high temperatures of 800, 850, 900, and 950 C in air to obtain its fatigue life curves. The specimens tested at 25, 800, and 850 C cyclically hardened, whereas those tested above 900 C cyclically softened from the first cycle, that is, their fatigue life was reduced at high temperatures owing to loss of strength. Parameters of the typical Coffin MansonBasquin relationship were determined for each test temperature. Interestingly, no significant difference in fatigue life was observed for the specimens tested in the range of 800e950 C. Owing to the similarity in fatigue life, we determined fatigue strength and fatigue ductility exponents that could be applied for this temperature range. The parameters obtained were close to the universal slopes, although the fatigue ductility exponent was slightly different. The proposed fatigue life curves were compared with those presented in ASME code