Response to Drought Stress of Two Strawberry Cultivars (cv. Kurdistan and Selva)

Nasser Ghaderi,Adell Siosemardeh 한국원예학회 2011 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.52 No.1

In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of drought stress on some physiological parameters in strawberry, one experiment with potted strawberry cultivars ‘Kurdistan’ and ‘Selva’ was conducted in summer 2008. The experiment was performed with four drought stress treatments [control (75% of field capacity), S1: mild drought stress (50% of field capacity), S2: severe drought stress (25% of field capacity) and R: one day after rewatering]. Physiological parameters such as: leaf relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), net CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), water use efficiency (A/gs), chlorophyll, proline and soluble carbohydrate contents were measured in leaves of strawberry subjected to different drought stress conditions as well as one day after rewatering. The results showed that RWC, MSI, A, gs, E, and chlorophyll of two cultivars decreased as soil water content was reduced. A/gs was highest under mild water stress for both cultivars. ‘Kurdistan’ had lower A, gs and E than ‘Selva’. RWC, MSI and A/gs of ‘Kurdistan’ were higher than ‘Selva’. Recovery of these parameters was faster for ‘Kurdistan’ than ‘Selva’. Chlorophyll contents of ‘Kurdistan’ was higher than ‘Selva’. Chlorophyll recovery didn’t occur one day after rewatering. Amount of proline and soluble carbohydrates increased under severe drought stress. ‘Kurdistan’ had higher proline content compared to ‘Selva’ under severe drought stress. Amount of proline and soluble carbohydrates were reduced in both the cultivars one day after rewatering. This study revealed that moderate drought stress affects gas exchange while severe drought stress affects chlorophyll, proline and soluble carbohydrates levels.

Changes in Root Water Uptake and Chlorophyll Fluorescence of Rice( Oryza sativa L. cv. Dongjin) Seedling under NaCl Stress

Hyun Sik Chun(전현식) 한국생명과학회 2008 생명과학회지 Vol.18 No.2

염분에 대한 벼 유식물의 생리학적 광화학적 반응을 잎의 상대수분함량, 엽록소 형광 및 뿌리의 수분흡수를 통하여 연구하였으며, 벼 유식물이 농도가 다른 NaCl에 노출되었을 경우, 500 mM 이상의 농도와 4일, 5일간 스트레스를 준 처리구에서 식물체의 외관상 심각한 장해 징후가 나타났다. 500 mM에서는 5일간, 1,000 mM 에서는 4일간 스트레스를 준 처리구와 NaCl를 처리하지 않은 대조구 간의 광합성 Fv/Fm에서 유의성이 있는 차이가 나타났으며, 그러나 뿌리 수분흡수에서는 Fv/Fm에 비해 스트레스 기간이 짧은 2일에서도 수분흡수의 차이가 나타나기 시작했다. NaCl에 노출된 식물에서 잎의 상대수분함량은 외부 염분의 농도가 증가하고, 스트레스 기간이 길어짐에 따라 점차 감소하였다. 잎의 상대수분함량 결과에서 1,000 mM농도로 1일간 처리된 경우(88%)와 비교 했어 2일 이상 NaCl를 처리한 경우들(58-67%)에서 보다 낮은 수분함량을 보였다. NaCl 스트레스는 4일과 5일간 처리한 경우 etiolate된 벼 유식물의 광 유도 녹화과정에서 NaCl농도가 증가함에 따라 직선적으로 심하게 억제하였다(각각의 R²=0.812 과 0.918). 염분 스트레스 기간과 NaCl농도가 증가되었을 때, NaCl의 농도가 같음에도 잎의 Fv/Fm보다는 뿌리의 수분흡수가 더 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 보아 잎에서의 장해보다는 뿌리에서의 반응이 먼저 일어나는 것으로 보인다. The physiological and photochemical responses of rice seedling to NaCl stress were investigated through measuring leaf relative water content (RWC), root water uptake and chlorophyll fluorescence. When plants were exposed to increased salinity stress, the visual symptoms of injury were significant at ≥500 mM NaCl concentration for 4 and 5 day stress periods. The differences in Fv/Fm between control treatment and plants treated with 500 mM and 1,000 mM NaCl were evident after 5 day and 4 day, respectively, whereas in root water uptake its effect was observed at 500 mM and 1,000 mM NaCl at 2 day of salt-stressed periods. Leaf RWC in salt-stressed plants decreased gradually with increasing salinity in exogenous solution and duration of salt stress, and these decrease showed leaf RWC of 58-68% atduration over 2 day stress of 1,000 mM NaCl treatment and 88% at 1 day stress. NaCl stress led to a significant inhibition of the light-induced greening in etiolated rice plants, especially in 4 and 5 day salt-stressed plants, which linearly decreased with NaCl concentration (R²=0.812 and 0.918, respectively). The effects of NaCl stress in rice seedlings indicate that water uptake in root is more sensitive to increasing NaCl concentration and stress duration than Fv/Fm in leaves compared with the same NaCl concentration.

Genotypic Variability in Plant Water Status of French Bean under Drought Stress

Choudhuryl, Apurba Kanti,Karim, Md. Abdul,Haque, Md. Moynul,Khaliq, Qazi Abdul,Ahmed, Jalal Uddin,Hossain, Md. Mofazzal 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

Seven genotypes of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh to analyze genotypic variability in leaf water status under water stress. The plants were grown under two moisture regimes, viz. 80% field capacity (FC) and 50% FC throughout the growing season. The genotypes showed significant variation in water relation traits. Genotypes BB24 and BB43 maintained higher relative water content (RWC), but lower turgid weight/dry weight ratio (TW/DW) and water uptake capacity (WUC). When drought susceptibility index (DSI) among the genotypes was considered, BB24 was found the most tolerant to drought and BB04 was the most susceptible one. A close positive relationship between leaf TW/DW and DSI under drought was recorded ($R^2=0.627$). Leaf TW/DW was decreased considerably due to water stress by 10% in genotype BB24 followed by BB43 (13%), and both BARI bushbean-2 and BB04 (19%). Stomatal aperture and whole plant transpiration rate were found minimal in the BB24 and BB43 compared to that of BB04 and BARI bushbean-2. Considering these water relation traits, genotypes BB24 and BB43 may be considered as relatively tolerant to tissue dehydration. The study also revealed that the TW/DW, WUC, stomatal aperture, and whole plant transpiration rate was negatively and significantly associated with yield; however, the RWC was positively correlated with yield under water stress conditions.

Genotypic Variability in Plant Water Status of French Bean under Drought Stress

Apurba Kanti Choudhury,Md. Abdul Karim,Md. Moynul Haque,Qazi Abdul Khaliq,Jalal Uddin Ahmed,Md. Mofazzal Hossain 한국작물학회 2011 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.14 No.1

Seven genotypes of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were evaluated under semi-controlled conditions at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh to analyze genotypic variability in leaf water status under water stress. The plants were grown under two moisture regimes, viz. 80% field capacity (FC) and 50% FC throughout the growing season. The genotypes showed significant variation in water relation traits. Genotypes BB24 and BB43 maintained higher relative water content (RWC), but lower turgid weight/dry weight ratio (TW/DW) and water uptake capacity (WUC). When drought susceptibility index (DSI) among the genotypes was considered, BB24 was found the most tolerant to drought and BB04 was the most susceptible one. A close positive relationship between leaf TW/DW and DSI under drought was recorded (R2 = 0.627). Leaf TW/DW was decreased considerably due to water stress by 10% in genotype BB24 followed by BB43 (13%), and both BARI bushbean-2 and BB04 (19%). Stomatal aperture and whole plant transpiration rate were found minimal in the BB24 and BB43 compared to that of BB04 and BARI bushbean-2. Considering these water relation traits, genotypes BB24 and BB43 may be considered as relatively tolerant to tissue dehydration. The study also revealed that the TW/DW, WUC, stomatal aperture, and whole plant transpiration rate was negatively and significantly associated with yield; however, the RWC was positively correlated with yield under water stress conditions.

Differential Accumulation of Osmolytes in 4 Cultivars of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Drought Stress

Thangella A. V. Padmavathi,Daggu Manohar Rao 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.2

The study investigates the differential accumulation of osmolytes and their contribution to osmotic adjustment in leaf tissue of peanut under drought stress. Plants of four peanut cultivars, obtained from ICRISAT, with varying degrees of drought tolerance were subjected to 10, 15, and 20 days of drought stress by withholding irrigation to 20-day-old seedlings. Leaf samples were collected on 31st, 36th, and 41st days from these stressed plants along with their respective controls. The results indicated that ICGV 91114 was the most drought-tolerant variety followed by ICGS 76 and J 11, while JL 24 was the most drought susceptible. The leaves of ICGV 91114 maintained higher RWC and chlorophyll pigments under water stress compared to JL 24. The contents of all the biochemicals were found to be the maximum in ICGV 91114 and least in JL 24 during stress periods. Drought induced increase in the contents of TSS and TRS were significantly higher in ICGV 91114 under 15 days of water stress compared to the other three varieties and stress periods, while TLP, total free amino acids and total proline were higher in 20-day-old stressed plants of ICGV 91114 and the lowest in 10-day-old stressed plants of JL 24. In the control plants of all four varieties, there was a steady increase in the contents of all these biochemicals with an increase in the age of the plants. The results suggest that osmolytes act as important compatible solutes to maintain osmotic balance, to protect cellular macromolecules, and scavenge free radicals under water stress conditions

Differential Accumulation of Osmolytes in 4 Cultivars of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Drought Stress

Padmavathi, Thangella A.V.,Rao, Daggu Manohar 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.2

The study investigates the differential accumulation of osmolytes and their contribution to osmotic adjustment in leaf tissue of peanut under drought stress. Plants of four peanut cultivars, obtained from ICRISAT, with varying degrees of drought tolerance were subjected to 10, 15, and 20 days of drought stress by withholding irrigation to 20-day-old seedlings. Leaf samples were collected on $31^{st}$, $36^{th}$, and $41^{st}$ days from these stressed plants along with their respective controls. The results indicated that ICGV 91114 was the most drought-tolerant variety followed by ICGS 76 and J 11, while JL 24 was the most drought susceptible. The leaves of ICGV 91114 maintained higher RWC and chlorophyll pigments under water stress compared to JL 24. The contents of all the biochemicals were found to be the maximum in ICGV 91114 and least in JL 24 during stress periods. Drought induced increase in the contents of TSS and TRS were significantly higher in ICGV 91114 under 15 days of water stress compared to the other three varieties and stress periods, while TLP, total free amino acids and total proline were higher in 20-day-old stressed plants of ICGV 91114 and the lowest in 10-day-old stressed plants of JL 24. In the control plants of all four varieties, there was a steady increase in the contents of all these biochemicals with an increase in the age of the plants. The results suggest that osmolytes act as important compatible solutes to maintain osmotic balance, to protect cellular macromolecules, and scavenge free radicals under water stress conditions.

Optimizing method for Neural Network based on Genetic Random Weight Change Learning Algorithm

Mohammad Ibrahim sarker,Zubaer Ibna Mannan,Hyongsuk Kim(김형석) 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.5

Drought and salinity stress response in wheat: physiological and TaNAC gene expression analysis in contrasting Egyptian wheat genotypes

D. Abd El-Moneim,Mesfer M. Alqahtani,Mohamed A. Abdein,Mousa O. Germoush (사)한국식물생명공학회 2020 JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY Vol.47 No.1

Drought and salinity are significant stressors for crop plants, including wheat. The relationship between physiological mechanisms and gene expression is important for stress tolerance. NAC transcription factors (TFs) play vital roles in abiotic stress. In this study, we assessed the expression of four TaNAC genes with some physiological traits of nine Egyptian wheat genotypes under different concentrations of PEG and NaCl. All the physiological traits that we assessed declined under both stress conditions in all genotypes. In addition, all the genes that we measured were induced under both stress conditions in young leaves. Shandaweel 1, Bani Seuf 7, Sakha 95, and Misr 2 genotypes showed higher gene expression and were linked with a better genotypic performance in physiological traits under both stress conditions. In addition, we found an association between the expression of NAC genes and physiological traits. Overall, NAC genes may act as beneficial markers for selecting for genotypic tolerance to these stress conditions in wheat.

Drought and salinity stress response in wheat: physiological and TaNAC gene expression analysis in contrasting Egyptian wheat genotypes

El-Moneim, D. Abd,Alqahtani, Mesfer M.,Abdein, Mohamed A.,Germoush, Mousa O. The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2020 식물생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.1

Drought and salinity are significant stressors for crop plants, including wheat. The relationship between physiological mechanisms and gene expression is important for stress tolerance. NAC transcription factors (TFs) play vital roles in abiotic stress. In this study, we assessed the expression of four TaNAC genes with some physiological traits of nine Egyptian wheat genotypes under different concentrations of PEG and NaCl. All the physiological traits that we assessed declined under both stress conditions in all genotypes. In addition, all the genes that we measured were induced under both stress conditions in young leaves. Shandaweel 1, Bani Seuf 7, Sakha 95, and Misr 2 genotypes showed higher gene expression and were linked with a better genotypic performance in physiological traits under both stress conditions. In addition, we found an association between the expression of NAC genes and physiological traits. Overall, NAC genes may act as beneficial markers for selecting for genotypic tolerance to these stress conditions in wheat.

Growth and physiology response of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) seedlings treated with deep sea water

Cheol Soo Yoon,Mesfin Haile,Hyeon-Ju Kim,Won Hee Kang 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2016 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.11