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조선 중·후기 훈련도감(訓鍊都監)의 군사복식에 관한 연구
염정하(Jung Ha Yum),조우현(Woo Hyun Cho) 한국복식학회 2013 服飾 Vol.63 No.8
This is a study on the military costumes of Hunryeondogam, which was the center of Five Military Camps in the mid and the late Joseon dynasty. I confirmed the characteristics and system of military costumes of Hunryeondogam by document research and positive research. The military organization of Hunryeondogam was comprised of the high-ranking military officers such as Hunryeondaejang, Junggun, Cheonchong, Byeoljang and Gukbyeoljang, the mid and low ranking military officers such as Pachong, Chogwa and soldiers. And the military costume of Hunryeondogam included Gapju, Yoongbok and Goonbok for military officers and all kinds of military uniforms for soldiers. Imjin war and ritualized military ceremonies in the era of peace had influence on the military costume. Officers, for example, were wearing Dangap and soldiers were wearing Cheolgap or Pigap that depended on the branch of the army. Politically, kings in the mid and the late Joseon had organized military organizations to strengthen their royal authority. I think that the policy can be effectively seen by observing the military costume system. The qualitative differences in cloth materials and the presence or absence of patterns of Goonbok, the qualitative differences in the decoration of Jeonrip and the presence or absence of Yodae were able to distinguish the identity and the rank. An assumption can be made that these things could have been affected by social causes, such as frequent trips of the King and stable society. This cause could be influence on substitute Yoongbok with Goonbok that from the low ranking military officers to the high ranking military officers of Hunryeondogam. The societal changes in the mid and the late Joseon dynasty are reflected on the military costumes system of Hunryeondogam.
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17세기 어느 校奴婢 일가의 奴婢訟을 통해 본 몇 가지 사회상
이광우 경북대학교 영남문화연구원 2019 嶺南學 Vol.0 No.70
This thesis has taken a look at a number of social aspects based on litigation of slaves that was undertaken a family of Gyonobi (slaves tied to school) and a Confucian scholar of Punggi Hyanggyo (public school in Punggi) in Gyeongsang-do during the 17th century. The parties to the litigation were descendents of Joojilbun, a Gyobi. Following the principles of the Joseon Dynasty in ‘Ilcheonchikcheon (once a slave, forever slave)’ and ‘Slave Belonging to Mother Law’ during the Joseon Dynasty, descendents of Joojilbun had to be Gyonobi s of Punggi Hyanggyo, but they conspired with a Eupri (local government employee) to morok (record of falsified fact) as a wanderer. Furthermore, they attempted to break away from Gyonobi by enlisting for military service for a good-hearted person, such as, shooter or infantry of Hunryeondogam (military in capital area) or named themselves as an illegitimate child of a well-established clan or child of a slave wife, but they failed in their endeavor due to the defeat in the litigation against the Confucian scholars of Punggi Hyanggyo. Gyonobi belongs to Hyanggyo to provide personal and property resources that they were indispensable beings in operation and maintenance of such establishment. In addition, Hyanggyo was an educational institution and an important rural community organization where clans were active. Therefore, these Confucian scholars of Punggi Hyanggyo cut off the breaking away of Gyonobi in the Joojilbun clan through litigation in a way of seeking for stable operation of Hyanggyo and maintaining the order of noble clans. In the meantime, those Confucian scholars of Punggi Hyanggyo focused the most in the litigation in the return of Whojong who enlisted as a shooter of Hunryeondogam and a son of Joojilbun. If Whojong would have gotton a higher social status after assigning to a military position of Cheajik (a position with government salary of some sort) with Hunryeondogam as his stepping stone, they thought it would be more difficult to prevent the series of deviation by the clan that they petitioned for Whojong’s return as their first priority. 본 논문은 17세기 어느 校奴婢 일가와 경상도 豊基鄕校 儒生 간에 전개된 奴婢訟을 바탕으로 이와 관련된 몇 가지 사회상을 살펴 본 것이다. 소송의 당사자는 校婢 注叱分의 자손들이었다. 조선시대 ‘一賤則賤’과 ‘奴婢從母法’의 원칙에 따라 주질분의 자손들은 풍기향교의 교노비가 되어야 했지만, 이들은 邑吏와 결탁해 良人으로 冒錄하였다. 나아가 訓鍊都監 京砲手 및 步兵과 같은 양인의 軍役에 投屬하거나, 사대부 가문의 孼族 또는 奴良妻所生을 칭하면서 교노비에서 이탈하고자 했다. 그러나 결국 풍기향교 유생들과의 소송에서 패배하여 뜻을 이루지 못하였다. 교노비는 향교에 소속되어 인적·물적 자원을 제공하는 존재로 향교 운영과 유지에 필수적인 존재였다. 아울러 향교는 교육기관이자 사족들이 활동하는 중요한 향촌사회기구였다. 이에 풍기향교 유생들은 소송을 통해 주질분 일가의 교노비 이탈을 차단함으로써, 향교의 안정적인 운영과 사족 중심의 질서 유지를 도모하였던 것이다. 한편, 풍기향교 유생들이 소송 과정에서 가장 주안을 두었던 것은 주질분의 아들로 훈련도감 경포수로 入屬해 버린 後種의 환속이었다. 만약 후종이 훈련도감을 매개로 遞兒職 등의 군직을 받아 더 높은 사회적 지위를 얻게 된다면, 그 일가의 연쇄 이탈을 막기 어려워질 것이기 때문에 가장 먼저 후종의 환속을 청원하였던 것이다.
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內醫院字本 硏究의 諸問題 : 『東醫寶鑑』 硏究를 위한 先行課題
하정용(HA Jeong-Yong) 大韓醫史學會 2008 醫史學 Vol.17 No.1
Donguibogam, literally meaning "Principles and Practice of Eastern Medicine"), is an encyclopedic bible of medical knowledge and treatment techniques compiled in Korea in 1613. Despites of some important research for the Naeuiwonja, they could not identify Naeuiwonja(內醫院字)'s name & administrative organ which made the Naeuiwonja (Korean old movable wooden types), yet. And they could not clear identify the fact what is Naeuiwonja, because their survey is lacking in the investigation about a woodblock-printed book one by one. This survey mainly involves with Naeuiwonja, including 『Donguibogam』 is written by Heojun(許浚), to make clear the activities of Naeuiwon in the 17th-century. And it seems to offer a very important clue about that problems we have to solve. As well as 『Donguibogam』 was involved in the printing process, it is expected to enhance the accuracy and reliability of the medical book that is written by Naeuiwon.
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하정용(HA Jeong-Yong) 大韓醫史學會 2009 醫史學 Vol.18 No.1
『Sikmulboncho』 that is quoted several times to 『Donguibogam(Medical Thesaurus of Korea)』 published several times in 3 countries(Korea, China & Japan) as important data of botany study. Gapjinjache(甲辰字體) 『Sikmulboncho』, one of the bronze metal type, that exist our country was publicated in early Seonjo(1552-1608) era. Actually there are 3 items(Korea university collection, Asami library collection, Oksan seowon collection) of Gapjinjache Naeuiwonjabon(甲辰字體內醫院字本) one of the wooden type seen become publication after 1607 year. Bronze metal type composes the major part for Gapjinjabon(甲辰字本), but wood type was also mixed much. Wooden type composes the major part for Naeuiwonjabon(內醫院字本), while bronze type was little mixed. Bronze metal type disappears by wear class gradually to during 40 years and instead of this, used wood type was used. Foundation and base of this publication have formed in itself Eulhaejache Naeeuiwonjabon(乙亥字體內醫院字本) that start 『Donguibogam』 in process that do this way. Therefore, Naeeuiwon(內醫院) do not publish various medical books like a Naeeuiwonjabon(內醫院字本) suddenly in early 17th century. I can speak that is caused in experience and potential power that already publish this Gapjinjabon(甲辰字本) medical book ago by medical history.
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