A Study on Consumer Perception for Eco-Friendly Port Policy of Pyeongtaek-Dangjin Port

Chunjin Shin,Hyunjae Jung 한국무역금융보험학회(구 한국무역보험학회) 2020 무역보험연구 Vol.21 No.3

전 세계적으로 환경에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있는 현 시점에서 정부는 항만산업을 환경오염을 유발하는 주요 산업으로 인지하고 이를 개선하기 위한 친환경 항만 정책을 제시하였다. 본 연 구에서는 정부에서 제시한 친환경 항만 정책 중 우리나라 5위 무역항인 평택당진항에 적용되 는 정책을 대상으로 평택당진항 이용자들이 인식하는 정책의 중요도를 평가하였다. 정책의 중요도를 평가하기 위해 AHP기법을 활용하였으며, 주요 항만 이용자인 선사와 하역사 를 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 선사와 하역사 모두 하역시스템과 관련된 친환경 항 만 정책이 타 정책에 비해 효과가 높을 것으로 인식하였고, 세부적으로는 육상전원공급시설 도입과 하역장비의 친환경 연료 교체의 중요도가 높게 평가되었다. 이러한 분석결과에 대해 본 연구에서는 친환경 항만 인프라 확충을 위한 단계적인 실행과 함 께 전후방산업의 적극적인 참여를 위한 대책 마련의 필요성을 주장하였다. 또한 정부의 규제 정책에 대한 기업의 부담이 가중되고 있어 이를 개선하기 위한 세제 혜택 및 자금 지원 방안의 필요성을 제안하였다. Purpose : The aim of this study is to analyze importance for six eco-friendly port policies that applied to Pyeonataek-Dangjin port by users and suggest implication. Research design, data, methodology : AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) technique was used for the analysis of the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted on three eco-friendly port policies related to transportation systems and three eco-friendly port policies related to loading and unlading systems for users of Pyeongtaek-Dangjin port. Results : As a result of conducting the AHP analysis based on the responses of the survey, port users recognized that the eco-friendly port policy related to the loading and unloading system is more important than others. In detail, Establishing Alternative Maritime Power supply(AMP) and Supporting Eco-Friendly Fuel Replacement for Port Unloading Equipment are more important and effective than other policies. Conclusions : In order to develop into an eco-friendly port, it suggested that government support for expanding related infrastructure is essential, and tax benefits and funding are needed to support companies' related infrastructure rather than government regulations.

친환경 항만구축 지원정책에 대한 인식차이에 관한 연구

방희석(Hee-seok Bang),박근식(Keun-sik Park) 한국국제상학회 2012 國際商學 Vol.27 No.1

Countries are implementing a strategy of making their ports environment-friendly. South Korea, too, has been implementing such a strategy for each port only to face resistance from the port users including shipping companies, shippers, transportation companies, and terminal operators as they are asked to pay the concerned costs directly. Given the difficulties with achieving the effects of the strategy when charging the port users with the costs, the developed nations use both carrots and sticks in strategy implementation. The purpose of this paper is to investigate perception differences among the government, port authorities, and companies regarding the government's support policies for an eco-friendly port and provide policy implications to implement a concerned policy in future. As a result, the port authorities, which implement a strategy of building an eco-friendly port as well as running a port, had a greater need for support policies involving hardware, software, finance/tax and a smaller need for policy/system supports than the government and companies.

스마트 항만의 친환경 요소에 대한 연구

주세환,박진우 한국해양비즈니스학회 2022 해양비즈니스 Vol.- No.53

As economic activities expanded in ports, existing port cities registered rapid growth based on the intercomplementary synergies between ports and cities. The functional growth of the ports delivered their scale, cargo volumes, and technological progress, which prodded population influx into the port cities and the growth of transport-related businesses. Ports and port cities, which play a pivotal role in logistics in today's economy, are no longer able to seek production efficiency and face intensifying competition due to advanced foreign ports. Due to excessively concentrated production activities, a significant amount of greenhouse gases is emitted, and the environment and ecosystem continue to be destroyed due to pollution caused by ports. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the world is experiencing an unprecedented logistical crisis. Even in such a thwarting environment, the South Korean government is showing high interest in the growth of digital and eco-friendly to prepare for the post-corona era. This year, the port authorities in Busan, Incheon, Yeosu, Gwangyang, and Ulsan focus on ESG management and digitalization of the ports with a view to making them smart and eco-friendly. Unlike in the past when the local communities focused on economic activities committed to productivity for a symbiotic industrial structure, they now consider the environmental perspective that promotes sustainable industrial growth. Above all, it can be said that this is an important time when the harmony of the opposing factors of economic growth and environmental preservation is emphasized. This study examines the characteristics of a smart port in order to analyze the environmental problems of ports due to increase in world trade volume and vessel upsizing, and also tries to identify the eco-friendly elements of smart ports with the aim of promoting their sustainable growth. In particular, it examines whether the technological advancement brought about by the 4th Industrial Revolution has an impact on the environmental aspects that are concentrated in ports

친환경 항만개발과 관리 요인에 관한 실증연구

방희석 ( Hee Seok Bang ),임종섭 ( Jong Sub Lim ),노윤진 ( Yoon Jin Roh ) 한국물류학회 2010 물류학회지 Vol.20 No.5

본 연구는 항만이 친환경적으로 개발되고 운영될 수 있는 요인을 분석함으로써, 항만관리정책에 고려될 시사점을 제시하는데 목적이 있다. 실증분석을 위해 설문조사와 통계분석 기법을 활용 했다. 가설 검증에 대한 3가지 시사점을 제시 했다. 첫째, 친환경 항만을 구축하기 위해서는 항만 인근수역의 수질오염과 주민생활을 고려한 생태 환경적 요인을 고려하여 항만입지선정을 하여야 한다. 둘째, 항만 내에서 친환경 에너지를 사용하고 오염을 줄이기 위해서는 컨테이너 크레인등 이송 및 하역 장비에 대한 친환경 기술개발이 시급하다 셋째, 항만당국은 기존 항만 및 신항만을 운영하고 건설하는데 있어, 단순한 경제성 추구의 수단으로서 인식하는 시각에서 벗어나 친환경 녹색성장의 시발점이 되는 항만정책을 수립하여야 할 것이다. This study examined the factors important to defining eco-friendly ports and provides a guide to port management and policy makers. The study undertook a postal survey and used PCA(Principle Component Analysis) and CFA (Common Factor Analysis) to examine the results. The findings can be summarized as follows. Firstly, it is shown in the study that the location of the port is critical to protect against water pollution and negative impacts on the welfare of local residents. Secondly, it is urgent to develop eco-friendly technology for the yard and ship to shore equipment. Thirdly, the long term policy should support the development of eco-friendly port development and operations.

친환경 항만 구축을 위한 활동이 항만 이미지에 미치는 여향 : 부산항 항만 운영자와 이용자를 중심으로

김가현(Ga-hyun Kim),하명신(Myung?sin Ha) 한국해양비즈니스학회 2014 해양비즈니스 Vol.- No.29

The severe environmental issues generated as undesirable side effect by the fast and steady development, that know several sectors in the industry of our modern world, becomes a major issue that actuate the awareness of most governments and several international organizations around the globe. With this increasing emphasis on environmental issues, ports have to respond to ensure that their operations are environmentally sustainable and committed themselves to work towards improved environmental performance through focused actions on several areas such as; air quality, energy conservation and climate change, waste management, noise management, etc. This study includes literature review covering the green port (eco-friendly port) subject, the process and activities to construct green ports and their relationship with other eco-friendly activities, port?s image improvement, and finally an analysis of the relationship associating terminal operators and port users, and comparing their perception of the eco-friendly port and the impact of each port activity on its global image was conducted.

IP분석을 이용한 친환경 컨테이너터미널 운영기술에 관한 연구

박영준(Park, Yeong-Joon),박희정(Park, Hee-Jung) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.7

본 연구는 현재 우리나라 컨테이너터미널에 적용가능한 친환경 운영기술 요인들을 도출하고, 관련 실무자들을 대상 으로 한 실증분석을 통하여 친환경 컨테이너터미널 운영기술들에 대한 항목별 중요도와 만족도의 차이를 Importance- Performance Analysis로 검증함으로써 친환경 컨테이너터미널 운영기술에 대한 향후 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 결과로 친환경 컨테이너터미널 운영기술 평가항목들 중 ‘빈이동 최소화’가 가장 중요한 요소로, ‘전기식 TC’가 가장 만족한 항목으로 분석되었다. 20개의 친환경 컨테이너터미널 운영기술 항목들은 ‘터미널 안벽시스템’, ‘터미널 야드시스템’, ‘터미널 접안지원 시스템’의 3개 요인으로 도출되었다. 이러한 결과들은 향후 우리나라 친환경 컨테이너터미널에 관련한 운영 정책수 립 및 관리지침에 기여할 것으로 기대된다. This study examine operating system for eco-friendly container terminal and shows the usefulness of the Importance-performance analysis grid in evaluating container terminal operating technology. Importance-performance analysis enables management to evaluate and identify the major strengths and weaknesses of eco-friendly container terminal operating technology’s key success factors. This study identified a list of 20 items from the eco-friendly container terminal literature reviews, and each item was rated using a 5-point Likert scale. Responses were obtained from 250 questionnaires. The importance-performance grid shows that 13 items fall into the “Keep up the good work” quadrant, 2 items fall into the “Concentrate here” quadrant, 2 items fall into the “Low priority” quadrant, and 3 items fall into the “Possible overkill” quadrant. The findings suggest that an eco-friendly container terminal operating technology is necessary to enhance eco-friendly operating system. The results are useful in identifying areas for strategic focus to help container terminal managers develop eco-friendly container terminal operating technology strategies.

친환경시대 대기오염 저감을 통한 부산항의 그린 포트 구축 전략

박영태,김이곤 한국무역연구원 2014 무역연구 Vol.10 No.3

The objective of this study is to analyze the policies of international organizations andmajor advanced countries relevant to the realization of green port. To construct green ports,first, there must be competition policy should be introduced to build such ports in sustainable,and fixed quantities Second, there is a great need for cooperation and support networkswhich makes binding by mutual agreements on ship recycling. Third, there is a need forscientific research on responses to changes in environmental regulations and on environmentalissues. Today, the majority of the world’s ports use gasoline or electronic energy, andimproving capacities for self-sufficiency through development of new and renewable energyshould be judged to be a pressing task. The conditions for an eco-friendly port are that itmust be an important center for economic and industrial activity, and a valuable site wherepeople live and work, with residences and work places existing in close proximity.

항만시설사용료와 관련된 법적 쟁점 - 대법원 2020.2.27. 선고 2017두37215 판결의 평석을 중심으로 -

이현균 한국해법학회 2021 韓國海法學會誌 Vol.43 No.1

A harbor plays an important role as a center connecting the complex transports including the marine, air, railroad, and road transport. In other words, the harbor’s role is getting bigger and bigger as a gate of the global supply chain where every marine transport activities occur. In spite of such importance of the harbor, the reality is that the research isn’t enough to deal with the harbor-related legal issues. In this situation, the recent decision, Supreme Court Decision 2017du37215 Decided Feb 27, 2020 (hereinafter referred to as “The Decision”), is valuable for the research where we can deeply study the legal system on charging a fee for the harbor facilities. This research explored the various types of legal issues on the harbor facility fee with the focus of contents of The Decision. In Korea, appointment, development, management, and use of the harbor are controlled under the 「Harbor Act」. Of the national trade ports under the classification by 「Harbor Act」 Article2 and Article3, Some harbors where port authority is established are controlled under 「Port Authority Act」 that serves as a Special Act of the 「Harbor Act」. Both 「Harbor Act」 and 「Port Authority Act」 have similar articles dealing with the harbor facility fee that was the main issue of The Decision, and Both Acts delegate some regulations to their decrees and rules respectively. And the harbor facility fee and its exemption imposed by those delegations are announced through 「the regulation on harbor facility use and fee of the trade port 」 - Public Notice of Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries. And in terms of the harbor where the port authority is established, 「the regulations on detailed classification of service and rental fee imposed by the port authority」 - Public Notice of Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries - stipulates the types and rate of the harbor facility fee that can be imposed by Port Authority. Also, 「the regulations on the harbor facility use and fee of the trade port」 and Public Announcement of Port Authority publicly announce the harbor facility fee. In The Decision, the issue was whether the Incheon’s harbor facility fee that included water facility fee exceeded the limitation of delegated legislation. The Supreme Court ruled that deciding on the harbor facility fee defends on the legislation policy, and also the legal systems governing the harbor facility fee - where the shipping fee is charged to ship owners, and carriage fee is charged to shippers under the benefit principle, and other imposition and exemption systems have run - have been kept with the established trade practice for more than 40 years without a fundamental change of legislative formation power of lawmakers. A harbor is surely important as a center of Korean trade and distribution as well as for marine transport, and also requires further legal research. In particular, the introduction of the Maritime Autonomous Surface Ship (MASS) and environmental regulation would require the introduction of the eco-friendly harbor or smart harbor. So, we expect more researchers to be interested in the harbor-related legal issues. 항만은 해상운송은 물론 철도․육상․항공운송을 비롯한 복합운송을 연결하는 중심지로서 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있다. 즉, 현재의 항만은 해상운송의 중심지인 동시에 전체 국제물류공급망의 관문으로서 중요성이 점점 커지고 있다. 하지만 이러한 항만의 중요성에도 불구하고 항만 관련 법률들에 대한 연구는 매우 부족한 상황이다. 최근 항만시설사용료에 관해 대법원 2020.2.27. 선고 2017두37215 판결(이하, ‘대상판결’)이 선고되었는데, 항만시설사용료 부과와 관련된 법적 체계에 대해서 상세하게 살펴볼 수 있다는 점에서 항만에 대한 법적 연구가 부족한 상황에서 연구해 볼 가치가 높은 판결이라고 할 수 있다. 이 논문에서는 이 판결의 사실관계와 판결내용을 중심으로 항만시설사용료에 관한 여러 가지 법적쟁점에 대해서 살펴보았다. 우리나라 항만의 지정, 개발, 관리 및 사용에 관한 사항은 「항만법」 의 적용을 받는다. 그리고 「항만법」 제2조 및 제3조 소정의 항만 분류 중 국가관리무역항 중 항만공사가 설립된 항만에는 「항만공사법」이 「항만법」의 특별법으로 기능을 한다. 이 판결에서 문제된 항만시설사용료는 「항만법」과 「항만공사법」에 모두에 유사한 규정을 두고 있고, 각각 시행령, 시행규칙으로 위임을 하고 있다. 그리고 이러한 위임에 따라 부과된 항만시설사용료 및 항만시설사용료 감면은 해양수산부 고시인 「무역항의 항만시설사용 및 사용료에 관한 규정」을 통해서 공고되고 있다. 그리고 항만공사가 설립된 항만의 경우에는 해양수산부 고시인 「항만공사가 징수하는 사용료 및 임대료의 세부 구분 등에 관한 규정」에서 항만공사가 부과할 수 있는 항만시설사용료의 종류 및 요율 세부기준을 정하고, 「무역항의 항만시설사용 및 사용료에 관한 규정」 및 각 항만공사에서 공고하는 이 사건 규정과 같은 방식으로 항만시설사용료를 공표하게 된다. 대상판결에서는 인천항의 항만시설사용료가 이러한 항만시설사용료 부과체계에서 화물료에 수역시설 이용료를 포함한 것과 관련해 위임임법의 한계를 일탈하였는지가 문제되었다. 이에 대법원은 이러한 항만시설사용료를 결정하는 것은 입법정책의 문제이며, 수익자 부담의 원칙에 따라 선박료를 선주에게, 화물료를 화주에게 부담시키는 부과체계를 설정하는 것과 감면제도를 운영하는 등 항만시설사용료와 관련된 법률 체계에 관해서는 40년 이상 확립된 거래 관행과 입법자의 입법형성권의 근본적인 변동이 없이 유지되어 왔다고 판시하였다. 필자는 항만시설사용료 부과에 관한 법적체계가 입법정책적 문제이며, 항만시설사용료는 수익자 부담의 원칙에 따라 부과하며 단순히 항만 내 수역시설만 사용하는 경우에도 항만의 이용을 통한 이익을 얻었다고 볼 수 있으므로 화물입출항료를 부과하는 것이 적법하다는 취지의 판결취지에 동의한다. 한편, 항만은 해상운송은 물론 우리나라 무역 및 물류의 중심지로서 매우 중요하며, 법적으로 많은 연구가 필요하다. 특히, 앞으로 자율운항선박 도입 및 환경규제 등에 따라 친환경항만 또는 스마트항만의 도입이 필요할 것인데 이를 위해서도 많은 연구자들이 항만과 관련된 법률문제에 관심을 갖게 되길 기대해 본다.

친환경 항만 운영을 위한 기반시설구축에 관한 연구

임경선,나진정,김흥민,이소연,한주연,유우혁,박희옥,전재현,유선용,한원희 해양환경안전학회 2016 해양환경안전학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.11

무동력 토사제거시스템의 현장모형실험

박찬근,이영학,홍석민,이달원 한국농공학회 2019 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.61 No.4

Coastal and fishing facilities are gradually deteriorating in function due to the continual accumulation of soil sediments, which has affected localeconomic activities. Currently, there are many methods to remove soil sediments, but these methods are either a temporary solution or require arepetitive removal of the soil sediments, which is a huge financial burden for the maintenance of the facilities. To solve these problems, this studyproposed a non-power soil cleaning system and evaluated field applicability by carrying out field model tests. The conditions for the evaluation focusedon the drainage-elapsed time and drainage-outflow velocity according to the water level change in the water tank. In the field test, silty clay and sandwere separately installed, and sedimentation soil removal test was practiced. As a result, the system was verified to have a sufficient outflow velocityfor the removal of soil sediments. In addition, a generalization equation that can be used in different regions of the tide was suggested in this study. These results will greatly contribute to removing soil sediments in ports and dike gate facilities on the southwest coast. Since the system is aneco-friendly technology that does not require additional energy, thus it is expected to contribute to maintenance of sustainable facility performance aswell as economic effect in the future.