경제개혁과 이행조건 그리고 공공 거버넌스: 북한 적용 가능성, 함의 및 과제

임을출,최창용 통일연구원 2007 統一 政策 硏究 Vol.16 No.1

Aplicability and Policy Implications for North Korea This paper focuses on conditionalities of the International Financial Institutions(IFIs), especialy those aiming at the improvement of governance in the public sector, and reviews the-oretic frameworks and empirical cases of the subject. Following the discussions, this paper ex-plores the applicability and limitations of the Korea, which wil be one of the most critical is-sues between the IFIs and North Korea when the two parties initiate to engage. This study also provides policy im-plications for South Korea with respect to the in-ternational cooperation for North Korean eco-nomic development. First, South Korea should proactively assist North Korea so that the coun-try can design its own development strategies pacities to implement the plans. Second, South Korea must take the drivers seat in facilitating policy dialogues betwen the international com-munity and North Korea in order for the two par-ties to streamline the conditionality, or consensual conditionality, of development as-sistance, by bringing them together to enhance mutual understandings and reach comon inter-ests of North Korean development. And third, term strategies for inter-Korean cooperation that help North Korea participate as a contributor in the global economic systems, which ultimately contributes to the prosperity of the Korean peninsula.

Evaluating the Korean Bargaining Power: The Case of the Financial Crisis in 1997

김석우 ( Seok Woo Kim ),( Jong Ryn Mo ) 한국세계지역학회 2007 世界地域硏究論叢 Vol.25 No.2

Ten years ago, the Korean economy was seriously hit by the financial crises. During the crises, and in the process of bailout program negotiations, Korea faced lack of bargaining power vis-a-vis the IMF and other international financial institutions. This paper tries to evaluate the overall Korean bargaining power during the crises, and to find out why the Korean bargaining power was so limited. This paper argues that procedural and structural constraints, lack of BATNA, time constraints, and domestic constraints lessened the Korean bargaining power during the financial crises. However, after some bailout programs by the IMF started, the Korean bargaining power was enhanced. Because of this, the Korean economy could recover from the crises earlier than expected. To assess the overall Korean bargaining power, this study suggests that scholars perform comparative studies on diverse types of negotiations done by the Korean government during the past 10 years.

‘-면’ 조건문의 유형과 시제

김수정(Kim, Sujeong),최동주(Choi, Dongju) 한국언어학회 2018 언어 Vol.43 No.2

This paper aims to classify types of ‘-myeon’ conditionals of Korean according to Sweetser(1990), and to show that tense of the conditionals depends on which type they belong to. In case of content conditionals, Korean has relative tense system whose reference point is the event time of matrix sentence, but epistemic conditionals and speech act conditionals have absolute tense system whose reference point is utterance time. It suggests that the protasis of epistemic and speech act conditionals is more independent of apodosis, as was noted in Sweetser(1990) and Dancygier(1998). This paper also argues that, unlike Dancygier(1998), in Korean generic conditionals should be classified as content conditionals, and counterfactual conditional should be classified as epistemic conditionals. There are exceptional cases in tense as ‘gatɨmyeon’, and they can be explained as possible due to grammaticalization.

Conditional-and Constructions: A Construction-based Approach

조주연 한국언어정보학회 2017 언어와 정보 Vol.21 No.2

In this paper, I argue that the conditional-and construction is a combination of a subordinating clause and a main clause, to be compatible with the syntax and semantics of the construction. In the literature, the structure for the conditional-and construction has not been proposed separately from the coordinate construction, although the researchers noted that the conditional-and construction shares a number of properties with if-conditional rather than coordinating-and construction. Unlike the previous analyses, this study claims that the conditional-and construction is syntactically a subordinate structure and treats the conditional conjunction as a main clause marker, independent of its coordinating counterpart. In specific, I propose the new constructional types conditional-conj(unction)-cl(ause) and conditional-and-cl within a construction-based HPSG framework. What I propose can account for the syntactic and semantic properties without positing any non-standard syntactic mechanism. Moreover, it deals with other relevant constructions with the conditional conjunction, by suggesting the subtypes under the unified constructional organization.

Conditions for Successful Implementation of Assembly Cells

Yu Sakazume 대한산업공학회 2006 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.5 No.2

Japanese electrical industries have been actively introducing assembly cells. There have, however, been no systematic discussions concerning the conditions for successful implementation of assembly cells. The purpose of this study is to examine the conditions for implementing assembly cells successfully. This study analyses two types of conditions: 1) market conditions; and 2) product and process conditions. It concludes by presenting three conditions as market conditions and eight as product and process conditions.

한중 조건문 영역의 차이 분석 ― ‘-면’과 ‘여과(如果)/지요(只要)’를 중심으로

류야페이 ( Liu Yafei ) 한국중국언어학회 2021 중국언어연구 Vol.- No.93

Conditional is a universal category in human languages, but it’s usage in individual languages may be diverse. To describe the same situation, some languages may use conditional clause, whereas some languages may choose other forms. This paper focuses on the comparison of the conditionals in Korean and Chinese. According to the investigation, Korean conditionals is more widely used than in Chinese. This is because the two languages have different perspectives on specific categories. The differences are mainly on generic, temporal and factual conditionals. In Korean they are treated as conditionals, but in Chinese they use other semantic categories to express the same situation. Overall, Korean is a language that uses conditionals more flexibly according to context and speaker's pragmatic intentions.

중국어 교육을 위한 조건관계 복문 연구

金世美(Kim, Se-mi) 중국어문학연구회 2020 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.124

The main paper compared and analyzed sufficient and necessary conditional complex sentences in Chinese. The representative conjunctive phrase for the sufficient condition is “zhiyao…jiu…”(只要…就…) and the representative conjunctive phrase for the necessary condition is “zhiyou…cai…”(只有…才…). The sufficient condition expressed by “zhiyao…jiu…” is used to express that when a certain condition occurs, it will soon produce a result. It is important to note that there is not necessarily only a single condition that will produce the result in question. Thus, other conditions can also cause the result. Sufficient conditions express tolerant, tenderly suggesting and encouraging meanings for conditions. The necessary condition expressed by “zhiyou…cai…” is used to express that a certain result cannot occur without certain conditions. Certain conditions must be met, so the conditions presented in the necessary conditional complex sentence are necessary and decisive conditions. Thus, the condition must be clearly defined. These sentences are often used to express orders or warnings. Learners’ error can be reduced when teaching these sentence structures by comparing sufficient and necessary conditional complex sentences, including how conditions and results are related in each and how they are used in conversation.

한국어 조건문의 인식태도

박정운(Park Jeong-Woon) 담화·인지언어학회 2006 담화와 인지 Vol.13 No.2

This paper aims to investigate characteristics of the epistemic stance of Korean conditional sentences, focusing on conditional markers, verb forms, and some other devices such as conditional adverbials affecting the epistemic stance of conditional sentences. I first discuss that to understand them properly, we need to classify conditionals, following Sweetser (1990), into content, epistemic, and speech-act conditionals. I argue that most of the Korean conditional sentences which have been claimed to convey positive epistemic stance belong to either epistemic or speech-act conditionals. In the content domain, however, Korean conditional sentences cannot express realis meaning: in past and present conditionals they can only express neutral or negative epistemic staree, whereas in future conditionals they can express not only neutral and negative, but also positive epistemic stance. I also examine the correlations between verb forms and epistemic stance in Korean conditional sentences and row conditional adverbials affect epistemic stance.

Conditionals about Speech Acts

Kim, Kyoung-ae 안성산업대학교 2002 論文集 Vol.34 No.-

This paper is a study on conditionals from the pragmatic perspective. I discussed the relations between the subclauses in the conditionals and the functions of the conditionals concerning the speech acts. The speech act conditionals (Sweetser 1990) are different from other types of conditionals in that they are intended for the happier or more appropriate performance of the intended speech act rather than the typical predictive function of the content conditionals. The protases are mostly concerned with the felicitousness of the speech act concerning the speaker's or the hearer's or the hearer's authority, wishes and situations. Very often the protases are likely to represent politeness which influences most utterances intended for specific speech acts. I also discussed the cases of speech act conditionals which represent the functions of challenge or irony.

Probability Approaches to Conditionals

Youngsoon Cho 21세기영어영문학회 2007 영어영문학21 Vol.20 No.2

This paper seeks to show what the concept of conditional probability can do and how it is best incorporated in explaining conditionals with main reference to Jackson (1987) and Edington (1995, 2003). Probability approaches to conditionals are able to distinguish probable conditionals from improbable conditionals. In addition to this, Jackson's approach, which employs the truth functional calculus of material conditional approach, also predicts the truth value of conditionals having false antecedents, while the ones which don't incorporate the material conditional of propositional logic cannot. Both of them have problems with conditionals containing false antecedents: the former cannot say anything about their assertibility; the latter doesn't provide them with interpretations. The former, utilizing conditional probability as the criterion to determine assertibility of conditionals, has a serious problem with clarifying the concept of assertibility due to the fact that asserting is eventually a behaviour and that assertion of a conditional cannot be rightly identified with its conditional probability.