Use of Concessive and Contrastive Constructions in English and Korean

Cho,Youngsoon 한국언어학회 2009 언어 Vol.34 No.1

The purpose of this research is to compare the use of concessive and contrastive constructions in English and Korean by analyzing two passages each in English and Korean bibles. Concessives, which are defined as realizations of the meaning of concession, or contrary to expectations, are more often used in Korean than in English. Contrastives, which are defined as realizations of the meaning of contrast or relational logical opposition, occur more frequently in English than in Korean. Concessives employ more various forms than contrastives and both languages normally leave the meaning or implication unspecified when they don't realize the meaning of concession or contrast; Korean uses the syntactic connector -ko(and) instead of contrastive forms when not realizing the meaning of contrast while English utilizes asyndetic constructions when not realizing the concessive meaning. Analyzing the matches of the two languages' concessives by the types of forms unveils that there are mixed matches between the types except for the English although type, most of which correspond to the Korean although type concessives. None of the other types show a one-to-one correspondence between the two languages. Notably, a lot of the even type in English correspond to the although type in Korean and most of the Korean although type have but type counterparts in English.

The Metonymy of Heartache and Its Use

Youngsoon Cho 담화·인지언어학회 2016 담화와 인지 Vol.23 No.2

Little attention has been paid to metonymy in cultural studies of emotion because it is generally conceived of as showing only limited aspects of emotion conceptualization and is not thought to show substantial cultural differences. The purpose of this research is to show metonymy can be a resource for studying universality and variation of emotion conceptualization, specifically by analyzing metonymy of heartache in English and Korean. By examining linguistic expressions of heartache and its conceptual extensions, it is revealed that the frame of HEARTACHE has several components. This frame reflects universal conceptualization of sadness in that the components of the frame correspond to the stages of the universal cognitive model of sadness. By analyzing the use of the metonymy of heartache based on corpora, it is found that Korean and English highlight the components of the frame to different degrees: Korean highlights the feeling component and the (inward) response component more than English does; English highlights the causing component and the (outward) response component more than Korean does; English shows a more balanced distribution of attention to the components. By exploiting the difference in cognitive style and emotion expression between East and West, an explanation to these differences was attempted.

Use of Concessive and Contrastive Constructions in English and Korean

Youngsoon Cho 한국언어학회 2009 언어 Vol.34 No.1

The purpose of this research is to compare the use of concessive and contrastive constructions in English and Korean by analyzing two passages each in English and Korean bibles. Concessives, which are defined as realizations of the meaning of concession, or contrary to expectations, are more often used in Korean than in English. Contrastives, which are defined as realizations of the meaning of contrast or relational logical opposition, occur more frequently in English than in Korean. Concessives employ more various forms than contrastives and both languages normally leave the meaning or implication unspecified when they don"t realize the meaning of concession or contrast; Korean uses the syntactic connector -ko(and) instead of contrastive forms when not realizing the meaning of contrast while English utilizes asyndetic constructions when not realizing the concessive meaning. Analyzing the matches of the two languages" concessives by the types of forms unveils that there are mixed matches between the types except for the English although type, most of which correspond to the Korean although type concessives. None of the other types show a one-to-one correspondence between the two languages. Notably, a lot of the even type in English correspond to the although type in Korean and most of the Korean although type have but type counterparts in English.

The Heart Associated with Emotion and Thought

Youngsoon Cho 담화·인지언어학회 2012 담화와 인지 Vol.19 No.3

This study compares English and Korean’s exploitations of the heart in association with emotion and thought. While the heart as a container of emotion has generally been acknowledged across languages, the conceptualization of the heart associated with thought is regarded as language-specific and not holding in English. Examining the corpus data of English and Korean constructions, this research finds that this is an overly simplified conclusion and that each language uses the heart in describing both emotion and thought, to a greater degree in the former and to a lesser degree in the latter. The two languages differ in preferred conceptualizations of the heart associated with thought: Korean conceptualizes the heart as a container of thought and English conceives of the heart as a thinking site. The two languages are common in that they utilize the heart in describing intuitive thoughts and secrets, though in different patterns and to different degrees: Among thoughts contained in Korean speakers’ hearts, hidden thoughts were the most prominent and intuitive ideas were found the most among thoughts in English speakers’ hearts. The Confucian culture of valuing smooth human relationships by means of not revealing oneself and the Western culture of stressing rational reasoning and empirical evidence in knowledge seem to be reflected in Korean hidden thought constructions and English intuitive thought constructions, respectively.

Definite Descriptions and Attitude Reports in Situation Semantics

( Youngsoon Cho ) 한국언어정보학회 1999 언어와 정보 Vol.3 No.1

In this paper I will seek to show that situation theoretic analysis of the attitudes can finely describe references of definite descriptions in attitude reports: co-reference, mis-reference, and speaker`s reference. Situation theoretic concepts of a proposition and a resource situa-tion provide excellent means to account for these references: Proposition, which is the combination of a type and an assignment, can combine linguistic and non-linguistic information; Resource situation, sometimes realized as speaker`s wrong knowledge situation about an individual, can serve to explain idiosyncratic aspects of attitude reports. (Yosu National University)

Probability Approaches to Conditionals

Youngsoon Cho 21세기영어영문학회 2007 영어영문학21 Vol.20 No.2

This paper seeks to show what the concept of conditional probability can do and how it is best incorporated in explaining conditionals with main reference to Jackson (1987) and Edington (1995, 2003). Probability approaches to conditionals are able to distinguish probable conditionals from improbable conditionals. In addition to this, Jackson's approach, which employs the truth functional calculus of material conditional approach, also predicts the truth value of conditionals having false antecedents, while the ones which don't incorporate the material conditional of propositional logic cannot. Both of them have problems with conditionals containing false antecedents: the former cannot say anything about their assertibility; the latter doesn't provide them with interpretations. The former, utilizing conditional probability as the criterion to determine assertibility of conditionals, has a serious problem with clarifying the concept of assertibility due to the fact that asserting is eventually a behaviour and that assertion of a conditional cannot be rightly identified with its conditional probability.

Interpreting the Use of Concessive and Contrastive Constructions in English and Korean

Youngsoon Cho 21세기영어영문학회 2008 21세기영어영문학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.1

총칭문과 복수성

조영순 ( Youngsoon Cho ) 한국언어정보학회 2001 언어와 정보 Vol.5 No.2

Generic sentences assert generic properties of single individuals or those of plural individuals. It means the generic quantifier Gen can quantify over single and plural entities. Among the generic meaning information represented in terms of the tripartite structure, the information not in nuclear scope part, but rather in restrictor part is related to which individuals generic sentences assert of. The plurality in the nuclear scope part cannot be described by making the generic operator Gen quantify over plural entities: Generic sentences with collective predicates like gather, and those with dependent plurals predicate of generic properties of single individuals. On the contrary, the plural information in restrictor part leads Gen to quantify over plural entities. (Yosu National University)

상황의미론에 기초한 영어 내포 시제 연구: 태도문을 중심으로

조영순 ( Cho Youngsoon ) 한국언어정보학회 2000 언어와 정보 Vol.4 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to propose a way of analyzing English embedded tense in terms of temporal perspective time. To this end, the notion of temporal perspective time and Cooper and Ginzburg’s (1996) attitude account are employed. Temporal perspective time is used to define the tense and to capture the anaphoric property of embedded tense: the embedded temporal perspective time draws the embedding event time by anaphora. The ambiguity in the sequence of tense construction is described in terms of the attitude tense constraint reflecting the anaphoric property and two definitions of the past tense. The double access property in the present-under-past construction is described in terms of the constraint, the notion of eventuality, and the situation theoretic existential quantifier. (Yosu National University)

영어 시제 의미의 합성과 해석

조영순(Cho, Youngsoon) 한국언어학회 1996 언어 Vol.21 No.3