지방도시에서의 다극네트워크형 콤팩트시티의 구상

심재승(Shim, Jae Seung) 한국지적정보학회 2015 한국지적정보학회지 Vol.17 No.3

본 논문은 사회경제와 인구동태의 변화에 대응하는 지방도시발전의 한 형태인 콤팩트시티를 다극네트워크의 관점에서 분석을 시도한다. 2000년대 후반부터 우리나라 일부 지방에서 인구감소가 이미 시작되고, 2030년을 정점으로 총인구가 감소국면으로 진입한 이후 가장 빠르게 인구감소가 진행될 것으로 추정되고 있다. 우리나라보다 먼저 인구감소를 경험하고 있는 일본은 국가차원에서 콤팩트화에 의한 도시형태의 (재)구축을 통해 인구감소시대에 대응하고자 하고 있다. 이러한 관점에서 선행적으로 콤팩트시티화를 통한 미래형 도시구축을 시도하여 지속가능한 도시발전의 가능성을 탐색해 오고 있는 일본의 많은 지방도시들 중에서 특히, 다극네트워크형 콤팩트화를 통한 미래지향적 도시형태의 구축을 추진하고 있는 일본의 우츠노미야(宇都宮市)시의 사례연구를 통해 우리나라에서의 인구감소시대에 대응하는 미래형 도시 구축을 위한 시사점을 제시한다. 특히, 본고에서는“성장에서 감소”라는 현실적 인식의 전환을 중심에 두고 중앙정부에 의한 법적 토대의 마련, 재정지원 및 미래지향적 도시구축을 위한 정책실행의 유도책, 중앙-지방의 협력적 관계의 구축의 필요성이 강조된다. This article focuses on sustainable city development using the concept of compact city, which is a type of city development from the perspective of social economy and demographic transition. It is expected that the total population in Korea would decrease, begging from 2030, while in some parts of the local areas, population is on the decrease, but it is much speedier than any other countries. In contrast, Japan that has the similar problem of population prior to Korea, has been finding its own way to tackle the problem. We analyse multi-networked compact city policy made by Utsunomiya city of Japan which is considered as an encouragement policy by the Japanese government to overcome city problems such as urban emptiness and sprawl. Some lessons will be suggested for cities in Korea which will face similar problems sooner or later from the case study. In particular, centering on the change of thought “from growth to shrinkage”, the establishment of the legal groundwork by the central government, incentives for future-oriented urban planning and the necessity of partnership between the central and the local governments are emphasized.

일본의 콤팩트 도시 구축을 통한 지방도시재생에 관한 연구

박혁서(Park, Hyeok-Seo) 한국주거환경학회 2018 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.16 No.2

This study analyzes urban regeneration of local cities through the establishment of compact city in Japan The population of most local cities in Japan has been decreasing due to low fertility and aging, which has caused a so-called “hallowing out” phenomenon in the central area of cities as well as urban economic recession. In addition, administrative costs per resident and maintenance costs of the infrastructure have increased due to a population decline in urban outskirt areas, where such costs used to be externalized in the past when a city was undergoing development. In order to solve the problem of declining local cities, the Special Act on Urban Regeneration was revised in 2014. The implementation of this Act institutionalized urban regeneration of local cities through the establishment of a compact city. This study undertook a comparative analysis of urban regeneration through the establishment of a centralized compact city in Aomori and the establishment of a network type multi-core compact city in Toyama. which were implemented in Japan. As a result, the following conclusions were obtained. First of all, in the case of urban regeneration in local cities through the establishment of a centralized compact city, the central area of the city is activated by attracting large-scale commercial facilities to the central area of the city. However, due to the population size in local cities and high land value of the central city area, it is difficult to attract private capital that can lead to the development of large-scale commercial facilities. Secondly, in order to develop large-scale commercial facilities in such cases, the local government often cooperate with the private sector in the form of the third sector, which can cause a large increase in the financial burden. Thirdly, it was concluded that reintegrating the population to the central area of the city is not much effective, unless the housing cost burden in the central city area and basis of the livelihood are not taken into consideration. On the other hand, the network type multi-core compact city, distributes major facilities and population in several major local areas as well as the central city area, which can take into account the present circumstances of the local city without forcefully integrating existing urban structures into one central city area. Secondly, if a traffic network is formed between the central city and major local cole area by utilizing public transportation, it will increase the floating population and vitalize central city areas as well as major multi-cores. Thirdly, it was concluded that network type multi-core compact cities can be developed faster than centralized compact cities because the former utilizes existing major multi-cores rather than integrating the existing facilities into the central city areas.

일본의 콤팩트시티 추진현황 및 개선방안 연구- 일본 도야마시(富山市)의 실천사례를 중심으로 -

이점순 한국동북아경제학회 2018 동북아경제연구 Vol.30 No.2

In this paper, we examine the transition process of Japan’s compact city policy and examined the case of Toyama City, which is the representative city of compact city. As a result, the following points became clear. First, in Toyama City, Japan, we have been aiming at a multi-networked city rather than concentrating on the central city area. As a result, we achieved some visible results such as the increase of the population moving to the central city area, the maintenance effect of the land price, the reduction of the environmental load, and the revitalization of the central city area. Second, the current problems of the compact city promotion in Toyama City include ① a rapid urbanization aging population in the central city area, ② an increase in residence inducing factors by households, ③ a decrease in the number of stores in central urban areas and an increase in vacant stores. In order to improve this, ① introduction of the elderly medical subsidy system and enhancement of nursing care services, ② establishment of housing promotion plan considering the characteristics of each household, ③ support for new store opening in the city center, operation of a young entrepreneurial challenge shop, and the establishment of a vacant home bank.

지방중소도시의 도시규모 적정화방안 연구

윤병훈,이삼수,이남현,권영환,박미규 국토연구원 2023 국토연구 Vol.119 No.-

지방중소도시는 인구감소 및 산업 유출, 그리고 빈집증가 등 도시쇠퇴를 넘어 지역소멸이라는 심각한 상황에 직면하고 있다. 하지만 지방중소도시의 인구감소를 고려하지 않고 과도한 계획인구를 근거로 신규개발용지 확보를 위한 도시계획을 수립하고 있어, 계획의 실효성 측면에서 난개발의 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 따라서 인구감소시대에 맞는 도시관리를 위해서지방중소도시의 특성과 쇠퇴원인을 분석하고, 이를해결하기 위하여 기존 성장 중심의 계획체계에서 인구감소 및 지방소멸 위기를 극복하기 위한 도시의 규모 적정화를 위한 노력이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 인구감소시대에 맞게 중앙정부에서추진하고 있는 콤팩트-네트워크 도시를 실현하기 위한 공간계획으로, 도시규모적정화계획의 방향성을제시하고자 한다. 이를 위해 충남 아산시, 전북 익산시, 경북 영주시를 대상으로 지방중소도시 도시규모적정화계획 구역 설정방법을 제시하고, 도시규모적정화계획의 실현방안을 도출하였다. 중앙정부에서추진하는 생활권계획 수립 시 지방중소도시는 도시규모적정화계획구역과 연계하여 설정하고, 유도구역별 기능이 제대로 작동할 수 있도록 적정밀도를 유지할 수 있는 재정지원이 필요하다. Local small and medium-sized cities are facing a serious situation of urban decline and regional extinction due to population decline, industrial outflow, and increased vacancy. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of local small and medium-sized cities and the causes of their decline in order to manage cities with respect to declining population, and to solve such challenges, it is necessary to make efforts to change the size of cities to overcome the crisis of population decline and rural decline in the existing growth-oriented planning system. This study aims to suggest the direction of a city size optimization plan, which is a spatial plan to realize compact-network cites that are promoted by the central government to respond to demographic decline. For this purpose, the study presents a zoning method city size optimization plan for local small and medium-sized cities in Asan, Chungcheongnam-do, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, and Yeongju, Gyeongbuk-do, and derives the realization of a city size optimization plan.

일본의 축소도시 대응정책의 도시계획적 함의 - 입지적정화계획을 중심으로 -

윤장식,이삼수 대한국토·도시계획학회 2019 國土計劃 Vol.54 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 이러한 관점을 중심으로 일본의 축소도시에 관련된 연구동향을 살펴보고, 실제로 중앙정부 및 지방정부에서 실시되고 있는 입지적정화계획 관련정책의 내용 및 특징을 파악하여, 국내의 축소도시 관련 정책과 도시계획과의 연계등 정책적 시사점을 제시하고자 한다.