뮤지컬『캣츠』에 나타난 욕망과 구원: T. S. 엘리엇의『노련한 고양이들에 관한 늙은 주머니쥐의 책』을 중심으로

남정애 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2017 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.7 No.2

The Blockbuster musical Cats used original stories of T. S. Eliot’s Poems Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats. In this work there are plenty of materials for various characters and serious interpretation. But in spite of the international fame of Andrew Lloyd Webber, the musical composer of Cats, critical studies on the collection of poems have been astonishingly rare, and Eliot has been known as just a lyric writer of Cats. If the collection of poems is carefully analysed, typical elements used in Eliot’s major poems such as traditional versifications, symbolic themes, and many incarnations of good and evil or hypocrisy in the human society will be found. And it is interesting that these poems have structures of various genres and show human life through the prism of cats. This paper will argue the theme of desire and salvation by deducing the structure and symbols in Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats and will trace the process of making the famous hit-song ‘Memory’ by examining the hidden background of ‘Grizabella Cat’. 블록버스터 급 뮤지컬『캣츠』는 T. S. 엘리엇의 시집『노련한 고양이들에 관한 늙은 주머니쥐의 책』(1939) 의 이야기들을 그대로 가사로 사용했다. 이 시집 안에는 다양한 인물유형과 진지한 해석을 위한 풍부한 재료들이 들어 있다. 그러나『캣츠』의 작곡가 앤드류 로이드 웨버의 세계적 인지도에도 불구하고 이 시집에 대한 비평적 연구는 놀랄 만큼 희귀하며 엘리엇은 작사가로만 알려져 있다. 이 시집을 주의 깊게 분석하면 엘리엇의 시들에 나타난 전통적 작시법과 상징적 주제를 발견할 수 있고 인간사회의 선/악, 혹은 위선을 대변하는 많은 실재물과 대면하게 된다. 또한 이 시집은 다채로운 장르의 형식을 지니고 있고 인간들의 삶을 고양이라는 동물의 프리즘을 통해 볼 수 있는 점이 흥미롭다. 본고는『노련한 고양이들에 관한 늙은 주머니쥐의 책』이 지닌 구조와 상징을 도출하여 욕망과 구원의 주제를 논할 것이다. 그리고 ‘그리자벨라 고양이’ 시의 숨은 배경을 조사하여 유명곡 ‘메모리’의 제작과정을 추적할 것이다.

캐런 헤스의 『크라신스키 광장의 고양이들』: 어린이 문학에서 홀로코스트 재현하기

이은아 ( Euna Lee ) 사단법인 아시아문화학술원 2021 인문사회 21 Vol.12 No.5

본 논문의 목적은 캐런 헤스의 역사동화 『크라신스키 광장의 고양이들』에서 홀로코스트라는 충격적인 주제가 어떻게 재현되는지 살펴보고, 그에 대한 작가적 전략을 고찰하는 것이다. 먼저, 홀로코스트 어린이 문학이 가진 재현의 한계에 대해 살펴본다. 그다음, 어린이들의 심리적 충격을 최소화하기 위해 그림, 시, 어린이 내레이터, 유머와 위트 등을 사용한 작가적 전략을 분석할 것이다. 이러한 작업을 통해 홀로코스트라는 끔직한 역사적 사실이 어떻게 어린이들이 읽을 만한 이야기로 바뀔 수 있는지에 대한 의문을 해결할 수 있을 것이다. 또 어린이들에게 서구 역사의 어두운 이면을 인식시키고 올바른 역사관을 가지도록 노력한 헤스의 통찰력을 읽을 수 있다. This study aims to explore how the horrific theme of the Holocaust is represented in Karen Hesse’s picturebook The Cats in Krasinski Square, and examines the writer’s strategies to achieve this. First, it examines the representational limits of Holocaust literature for children, which has to deal with overwhelming events that children cannot overcome. Next, it analyzes the authorial strategies using pictures, poems, children’s narrators, humor and wit. This analysis can address the question of how the disturbing historical fact of the Holocaust could be framed as a story that children can read. It would also be able to appreciate Hesse’s insights that have made children aware of the dark side of Western history and given them an accurate historical perspective.

“더 타자적인 타자”로서의 동물들: J.M. 쿳시의 「노년의 여성과 고양이들」에 나타난 동물윤리

왕은철 ( Eunchull Wang ) 한국영어영문학회 2021 영어 영문학 Vol.67 No.4

J.M. Coetzee has given considerable attention to animal suffering, beginning with two Princeton lectures in the interesting form of fiction: “The Philosophers and the Animals” and “The Poets and the Animals.” Disgrace, his second Booker Prize-winning novel, takes up animal ethics as an integral part of the narrative. And his 2003 short story “The Old Woman and the Old Cats” reiterates and extends animal ethics he has powerfully developed in the previous works. The story brings into the narrative what Coetzee calls “conversion experience.” Elizabeth Costello, the same protagonist who appeared in the previous works such as two Princeton lectures and the eponymous Elizabeth Costello, comes across a female cat who is giving birth. Being a mother of two, she identifies with the female cat: “I too am a mother.” This corresponds to “conversion experience”: giving-over and surrender to “mute appeal of the kind that Levinas calls the look, in which the existential autonomy of the Other became irrefutable.” The story is a powerful testimony to how one can become responsive to mute appeal of the defenseless, naked animals who are abandoned when necessity demands. In so doing, the story provides a critique on Levinas’s anthropocentric philosophy in which the face always remains, to quote from Derrida, “a fraternal and human face.” It sides with and affirms Derrida for whom the animal is “more radically other than the other in whom I recognize my fellow or my neighbor.”

도리스 레싱의 『고양이들에 대하여』: 벌거벗은 생명으로서의 고양이

박선화 한국중앙영어영문학회 2015 영어영문학연구 Vol.57 No.1

In Lessing’s On Cats, the narrator describes various cats who have shared the narrator’s life on an African farm and flats or houses in London. Fascinated by domesticated cats, the narrator grows to really love the grey cat, Lufus, and especially El Magnifico. However, the narration reveals that however pleasant and lovely they might be, cats are likely to be abandoned or battered by their previous owners. Even, the narrator decides to neuter and spay her cats for her own sake. With these experiences, the narrator confesses that it is very cruel to do these operations on the silent cats; moreover, she realizes that the cats can suffer bad and wrong treatment. Considering that they are scapegoats controlled by men’s sovereign power, the cats can be represented as Agamben’s bare life which has a double exception that may be killed but not sacrificed, not in the humane world nor in the divine world. There is still controversy about the narration in On Cats, but it is worthy of re-considering Lessing’s message that the narrator counters a tendency among people to destroy cats without thinking. That is, Lessing reminds us of how painful it is to kill animals in this way, and therefore points out our responsibility for the bare life in our society.

시 택스트의 형식주의, 구조주의, 기호학 분석 -레비-스트로스와 야콥슨의 Les Chats`와 류시화의 그대가 곁에 있어도 나는 그대가 그립다를 중심으로-

김기국 ( Gi Gook Kim ) 한국기호학회 2008 기호학연구 Vol.24 No.-

시 텍스트의 형식주의, 구조주의, 기호학 분석 - 레비-스트로스와 야콥슨의 ‘Les Chats’와 류시화의 ‘그대가 곁에 있어도 나는 그대가 그립다’를 중심으로 -

김기국 한국기호학회 2008 기호학연구 Vol.24 No.-

In 1962, the anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss and the linguist Roman Osipovich Yakobson published an analysis of Baudelaire's poem “Les Chats” in L'Homme, a journal of anthropology. Their analysis is noteworthy in that it combined anthropology and linguistics, two seemingly incompatible fields of research, and applies the method of structural linguistics to a literary text. In analyzing systematically and in detail the phonetic, phonological, syntactical, and semantic elements of the sonnet form of the text, the study opened a new horizon called structuralism. The structural-linguistic method became the established means of literary text analysis, and structuralism came to dominate criticism of its day. The question remains, what significance does the structuralist methodology of Claude Lévi-Strauss and Roman Osipovich Yakobson have today? If their analytical method has a limit, how can the limit be overcome? In addition, what influence did their structuralist-linguistic analysis have on later scholars? This study aims to answer some of these questions by first examining the ways in which Baudelaire's “Les Chats” has been analyzed. In the process, the study reveals the differences that exist between structuralist analysis and critical methods prior to structuralism. Furthermore, this study conducts a semiotic analysis of Shi-Hwa Ryu's poem, “I long for you even when you are near” in an attempt to fill the gaps left by the limits of structuralist analysis.